At 2023:3 on March 23, 12, a BR40 flight taking off from Taiwan's Taoyuan Airport landed steadily and punctually at Beijing Capital International Airport, and the delegation headed by Huang Binglin, chairman of the Taiwan Chinese National Anti-Japanese War Memorial Association and retired lieutenant general, walked out of the airport lobby with their luggage, and the descendants of anti-Japanese martyrs living on the mainland who were waiting here early and the accompanying personnel of our mainland greeted them excitedly, hugged, shook hands, greeted, and reunited after a long absence, and their joy was overflowing.
Due to the new crown epidemic, the Taiwan Chinese National Anti-Japanese War Memorial Association organized a delegation to return to the mainland to return to the anti-Japanese battlefield search activities for three years. In the early spring of 2023, the epidemic situation finally improved. From March 3 to 23, the Taiwan Chinese National Anti-Japanese War Memorial Association immediately began the eighth return to the anti-Japanese battlefield relics search tour. The delegation visited Beijing and Yunnan. Wanping City and Lugou Bridge on the banks of the Yongding River on the outskirts of Beijing were the site of the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War in China, and Longling and Tengchong in Baoshan, Yunnan, were the main battlefields of the Campaign of Northern Burma and Yunnan launched by the Chinese Expeditionary Force to defend the country. Choosing to visit the anti-Japanese homeland on the eve of the Qingming Festival is the wish of all.
The first stop on this visit to the Anti-Japanese Homeland was Beijing. On March 3, 23 members of the Taiwan and mainland delegations gathered in Beijing and were invited to gather on the banks of the Yongding River. Before the start of the epidemic, I participated in receiving and accompanying the delegation of the Taiwan Chinese Anti-Japanese War Memorial Association for three consecutive years, and went to various parts of the mainland to search for anti-Japanese battlefields. Even during the epidemic, they are in contact with each other on WeChat and telephone, and they are happy. This time I was invited to join the delegation again after three years, and I was inevitably a little excited in my heart, and I hurried from Chengdu to Beijing.
I also came to Beijing for the first time after three years of the pandemic. On the bus to the hotel, the members of the Taiwan delegation and I listened to the enthusiastic speech and introduction of the scenery along the way while admiring the tall buildings and early spring flowers and trees on both sides of the road passing by outside the car window. The oriental wind is full of spring, and the peace of Beijing quickly eliminates everyone's fatigue from the road.
One of the important activities of this visit was to hold a book launch party in Beijing jointly published by the Taiwan Chinese National Anti-Japanese War Memorial Association and the China Society for the History of the Anti-Japanese War, and visit the prestigious Chinese Anti-Japanese War Memorial Hall and visit the former sites of the Anti-Japanese War - Lugou Bridge and Wanping City.
On the afternoon of March 3, the book launch of "Cross-Strait Joint Study of the History of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression" was held as scheduled at the Chinese Memorial Hall of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression. The new book brings together the years of hard work and hard work of experts and scholars in the field of history of the cross-strait War of Resistance.
Cultivate history to know where to come from, and learn history to gather strength. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphatically pointed out that "cultivating history and establishing classics, preserving history to enlighten wisdom, and educating people is a tradition of the Chinese nation that has lasted for thousands of years." Everyone clearly remembers that in November 2015, General Secretary Xi Jinping proposed at a meeting between leaders of the two sides of the strait that "the two sides of the strait should support and encourage cross-strait historians to join hands, share historical materials, write history books together, jointly carry forward the spirit of the War of Resistance, and jointly defend national dignity and honor." This dialogue has aroused positive repercussions in academic circles on both sides of the strait. Founded on October 11, 2015, the Chinese National Anti-Japanese War Memorial Association was jointly initiated and established by Taiwanese academics, business circles and retired generals. The association's articles of association stipulate that it takes "promoting the collection of historical materials of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression", "promoting the construction of memorial halls and other activities" and "taking care of the rights and interests of the descendants of martyrs" as its own tasks, sparing no effort to promote the study of the history of the cross-strait War of Resistance, recover the truth of the history of the War of Resistance, and publicize the contribution of the Chinese theater in World War II.
In fact, as early as April 2014, 4, before the establishment of the Anti-Japanese War Association, Mr. Hao Baicun, a veteran of the Anti-Japanese War, led the relevant team to the mainland for the first time to start a patrol to return to the anti-Japanese battlefield. After that, before and after Mr. Hao Bocun's death in 10 and before the new crown epidemic in 2020, the association organized groups to go to the mainland seven times to relive the magnificent history of the Chinese nation's anti-Japanese war, visited the anti-Japanese war battlefields in northern, central and southern China, and everywhere they went, they worshipped heroes, sorted out battlefield historical sites, discussed the gains and losses of war cases, and wrote diaries of returning to the anti-Japanese battlefield.
At the same time, the Anti-Japanese War Association also strengthened research on the history of the War of Resistance between the two sides of the strait. Since 2017, the Taiwan Chinese National Anti-Japanese War Memorial Association and the China Anti-Japanese War History Society have successively hosted four seminars on the history of the Chinese nation's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the inheritance of the spirit of the War of Resistance in Nanjing, Wuhan, Nanning and Beijing, further enhancing the consensus of academic circles on both sides of the strait on the study of the history of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, attracting more than 1500,<> retired generals, experts and scholars, teachers and young students from both sides of the Taiwan Strait, and its activities have been highly praised by relevant departments and the historical circles of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression.
This is a historic moment. On the afternoon of March 3, the weather in Beijing was fine, the spring sun was shining, and the warm breeze was busy, and the grass and trees in the Chinese Anti-Japanese War Memorial Hall in Beijing's Fengtai District revealed new shoots. On the background wall of the front wall of the academic hall of the memorial hall, several vermilion-themed characters of "Cross-Strait Joint Study of the History of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression" New Book Launch Conference" are particularly conspicuous and solemn under the soft light of the spotlight. Under the background wall of the press conference, the book "Cross-Strait Joint Study of the History of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression" published by the Taiwan National Anti-Japanese War Memorial Association and the China Anti-Japanese War History Society were displayed on the booth at the same time, which was the first time in the history of the two sides of the strait that the two sides of the strait jointly wrote the same theme, jointly signed the preface, and published and displayed on the same stage at the same time. The "Collected Essays on the History of the War of Resistance Jointly Studied Across the Straits" selected 24 papers by scholars from both sides of the strait at the four seminars, which is an important achievement of the cross-strait joint study of the history of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression. Before the press conference began, some historical experts and scholars on both sides of the strait came to the front desk to look through the heavy books and get a sneak peek. Some scholars from both sides of the strait even directly took down the traditional and simplified books displayed at the booth and held them on their chests for a group photo.
More than 60 people attended the book launch meeting in the afternoon of the same day, including relevant leaders of the Taiwan Affairs Office of the State Council, experts and scholars on both sides of the strait, retired generals, descendants of heroes and martyrs of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, and student representatives. The press conference was co-chaired by Jin Yilin, deputy director of the Institute of Modern History of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, and Zhang Zhizhi, deputy secretary-general of the Taiwan Chinese National Anti-Japanese War Memorial Association.
Amid warm applause, Wang Jianlang, president of the China Society for the History of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, delivered an opening speech. In his speech, he said that the victory in the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression was the result of the united struggle of the whole nation, including Taiwan compatriots, and the publication of the "Collection of Essays on the History of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression by Both Sides of the Strait" is of great significance to strengthening the common historical memory of compatriots on both sides of the strait and enhancing national identity.
Huang Binglin, chairman of the Taiwan Chinese National Anti-Japanese War Memorial Association, expressed the hope that through joint research on the history of the War of Resistance and the publication of a collection of essays, the understanding of the young generation on both sides of the strait on the history of the war of resistance will continue to be expanded, and a better tomorrow for the two sides of the strait will be created.
Jin Minqing, secretary of the Party Committee of the Institute of Modern History of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, said that the Institute of Modern History has hosted four consecutive seminars on the history of the Chinese nation's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the inheritance of the spirit of the War of Resistance, and will continue to promote joint research and publicity and interpretation of the history of the War of Resistance across the strait in the future.
Professor Luo Taisheng of the National Taiwan University of Science and Technology said that the "Collected Essays on the History of the War of Resistance Against the Taiwan Strait" is a common academic achievement of compatriots on both sides of the strait, which plays an important role in promoting cross-strait academic exchanges and strengthening the common historical memory of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression.
Luo Cunkang, director of the Memorial Hall of the Anti-Japanese War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression of the Chinese People, said that the compilation and publication of the "Collection of Essays on the History of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression" is an important achievement of cross-strait historians sharing historical materials, writing history books together, and jointly carrying forward the spirit of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, and will promote cross-strait cooperation in research on the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression.
In a harmonious atmosphere, Gao Shihua, vice president and secretary general of the Chinese Society for the History of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression; He Bangli, researcher of the Chinese National Anti-Japanese War Memorial Association and professor of the National Defense Medical College; Dai Hongyuan, doctoral student at the School of History of the University of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences; and Bai Zhongqi, researcher of the Chinese National Anti-Japanese War Memorial Association and doctoral student at the Cultural University, also spoke one after another. They said that they will continue to deepen cooperation, continue to strengthen the study of the history of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, jointly carry forward the spirit of the Great War of Resistance, and jointly write the glory of the nation.
A history of the War of Resistance traces the soul of the Chinese nation. On the sidelines, experts and scholars on both sides of the strait spoke highly of the publication of the new book. Both sides of the strait acknowledge that the victory in the War of Resistance was a victory in the war of national liberation based on the cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, and was the glory of the Chinese nation. The two sides of the strait should jointly write national glory. Speaking of the joint study of the history of the War of Resistance by cross-strait historians, Zhou Yong, vice president of the China Society for the History of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and director of the Collaborative Innovation Center for the Study of the Great Rear Area of the Chinese War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, said. Zhou Yong pointed out that the release of the new book "Cross-Strait Joint Study of the History of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression" is undoubtedly one of the most important achievements of cooperation in recent years. Moreover, after years of exchanges, we can see that many understandings of the history of the war of confrontation between the academic circles on both sides of the strait are gradually approaching. Zhou Yong said: The history of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression is a historical topic shared by the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, and it is also a glorious history recognized by all Chinese people. What's more, many people in the history of the War of Resistance have gradually passed away, and this work cannot be slacked.
The process of "Cross-Strait Joint Study of the History of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression" from sharing historical materials to exchanging viewpoints and writing together is not easy. Shao Minghuang, professor of the Institute of Library, Information and Archival Science of National Chengchi University in Taiwan and former director of the Chinese Kuomintang Party History Museum, once said that only by sharing historical materials between the two sides of the strait can we promote the study of the history of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression. He hoped that the two sides of the strait could continue academic exchanges and open archives in the study of the history of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, and also hoped that more young people in Taiwan would devote themselves to the study of the history of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression.
The hard-won results are recognized. At the press conference of the Taiwan Affairs Office of the State Council, Zhu Fenglian, spokeswoman of the Taiwan Affairs Office of the State Council and deputy director of the Information Bureau, answered reporters' questions on the joint compilation of historical materials on the War of Resistance between the two sides of the strait. She introduced the situation and achievements of the four cross-strait seminars on the history of the War of Resistance held by the Chinese National Anti-Japanese War Memorial Association and the Chinese Society for the History of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, and briefed on the itinerary of the visit of the Chinese National Anti-Japanese War Memorial Association to Beijing and Yunnan and the new book release activity of "Cross-Strait Joint Study of the History of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression" jointly held with the Chinese Society for the History of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression at the Chinese Memorial Hall. Zhu Fenglian commented on the cross-strait study of the history of the War of Resistance and the joint publication of the War of Resistance: "The development and continuous advancement of these works are of great significance to promoting compatriots on both sides of the strait to remember the history of the War of Resistance, carry forward the spirit of the War of Resistance, jointly defend national dignity and honor, and unite efforts to realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation." ”
The publication of a new book entitled "A Collection of Essays on the History of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression" has brought the distance between the two sides of the strait one step closer. Changing "seeking common ground while reserving differences" to "seeking common ground and eliminating differences" was proposed by Mr. Huang Binglin, head of the visiting delegation and chairman of the Anti-Japanese Resistance Association, at the book launch meeting, which has added another topic of discussion and discussion for compatriots on both sides of the strait, who are also members of the Chinese nation.
There are indeed too many common topics about the War of Resistance. On the morning of 3 March, Mr. Ma Ying-jeou, former leader of the Taiwan region who was visiting the mainland, wore a dark suit and black tie, and led a delegation to visit the Memorial Hall for the Victims of the Nanjing Massacre by the Japanese Invading Army. Before entering the museum, he held white chrysanthemums, laid flowers and silently mourned in front of the memorial wall of the victims, and then entered the museum to visit. After the visit, he choked up and took deep breaths many times during a media interview in the memorial square. He bluntly said that although he had seen some books and photos about the Nanjing Massacre in the past, he had never been so shocked by this visit, and the Nanjing Massacre was a "rare beast-like act" in human history. He stressed that all Chinese should learn from the Nanjing Massacre, be self-reliant, and have the ability not to be invaded by foreign races, so as not to be bullied and slaughtered by others. And the inscription in the memorial guestbook: "History must not be forgotten". Yes, remember history, cherish peace, and work together for the rejuvenation of China, and we must never let history repeat itself.
马英九先生一行此次登陆祭祖之旅，与抗日战争相关的行程不少，包括参访侵华日军南京大屠杀遇难同胞纪念馆、长沙南岳忠烈祠、湖南受降仪式所在地、重庆张自忠烈士陵园以及在上海参访四行仓库抗战纪念馆等。大陆经历了14年艰苦卓绝的斗争，自1874年日本派兵侵略中国台湾，台湾的抗日更是持续了70年，中华民族最终打败了侵略者。可以说，抗战就是两岸共同的历史记忆，参访抗战遗迹何尝不是更大意义上的祭祖以及慎终追远呢？
抗战精神是中国人民用血肉之躯抵御日本侵略者长期斗争中共同铸造的民族之魂。早在马先生开启访问大陆时间3天前的3月24日下午，结束新书发布会的中华民族抗日战争纪念协会参访团一行，寻着抗战论文史书的墨香也移步来到中国人民抗日战争纪念馆(以下简称“抗战馆”)参观，追寻那段每个中国人都不会忘记的峥嵘岁月。
我是随团第一次来到抗战馆参观。据陪同我们参访团的抗战馆馆长罗存康介绍，抗战馆距北京市中心标志性建筑天安门广场仅19公里左右，占地面积35000平方米，建筑面积36100平方米，是全中国唯一一座全面反映中国人民抗日战争历史的大型综合性专题纪念馆。他说，抗战馆目前是国家一级博物馆、全国优秀爱国主义教育示范基地、全国国防教育基地、全国廉政教育基地、全国百家红色旅游经典景区。对于抗战馆地位和取得的荣誉，罗馆长如数家珍。
我们在罗馆长的引导下，怀着激动的心情来到抗战馆广场，抗战馆主楼高大宽体建筑矗立在眼前。整个抗战馆的外墙面，满饰白色磨光花岗石，上覆灰色琉璃瓦，在白石墙和瓦之间是一道茶色铝合金采光带。镶嵌于抗战馆正面宽大的花岗岩石门额上的由邓小平题写的“中国人民抗日战争纪念馆”11个2米余高的镏金大字在下午的阳光下熠熠生辉，格外耀眼。
在抗战馆正前方，是面积达8600平方米的抗战广场，广场中央矗立着象征中华民族觉醒的“卢沟醒狮”，广场中轴线两侧各分布着7块草坪，寓意“七七事变”爆发地和中华民族的十四年抗日战争。广场北侧矗立着基座为汉白玉、高达14米的国旗杆。覆以乳白色大理石的展馆外墙与镶嵌着独立自由勋章的锻铜大门，使抗战馆显得更加肃穆、庄严。门前空地上镶嵌有“独立自由勋章”雕塑。“独立自由勋章”是根据1955年第一届全国人民代表大会常务委员会决议，授予中国人民解放军在抗日战争时期参加革命战争有功人员的勋章。整座雕塑寓意中国人民为追求和平正义、捍卫民族独立自由而不畏强暴、不怕牺牲的斗争精神。该雕塑由中共中央总书记习近平亲自按下启动按钮揭幕。
步入纪念馆，首先映入眼帘的是反映全民族抗战为主题的巨型浮雕。展厅由序厅两侧的台阶，通过宽窄错落的环廊，沟通6个基本陈列展馆和半景画馆。序厅的墙面上满饰洁白的大理石，下部做出细蘑菇石的城堞，与序厅正中反映全民族抗战为主题的巨型浮雕相呼应，形成了寓意深远的主题——“把我们的血肉筑成我们新的长城”。地面采用革命根据地河北省平山县的墨绿色磨光大理石，寓意著中华民族抵御外寇的精神万古长青。顶棚上15个宽大的方形藻井中，有规律地悬挂著八口仿古铜钟，象征著中华民族悠久的历史，蕴蓄着警钟长鸣的深意。东西两侧通往环廊和展馆的墙壁上，镶嵌著《义勇军进行曲》《大刀进行曲》《八路军进行曲》《新四军军歌》的红字词曲谱和中国人民抗日战争大记事，给游览者深刻的第一印象。
After entering the exhibition hall, we visited one by one by following the arrows on the ground and the words "Continue to visit" on the wall. The exhibition is divided into eight parts, including China's local war of resistance, national war of resistance, mainstay, Japanese army atrocities, the main battlefield of the East, the right way to help, the great victory, and remembering history, and more than 30000,1931 precious historical relics are distributed among them. The entire exhibition hall is mainly based on historical pictures, written materials and physical objects, supplemented by landscapes, oil paintings, sculptures, giant light boxes, phantom imaging, film and television films, as well as sound, light, electricity and other display methods, panorama shows the historical facts of the Chinese people's anti-Japanese struggle from September 9 to August 1945, and enthusiastically praises the glorious history of all nationalities, classes, parties, social organizations, patriots from all walks of life, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan compatriots and overseas Chinese who bravely resisted Japanese militarist aggression. It highlights the great historical contribution made by the Chinese battlefield as the main eastern battlefield of World War II to the victory of World War II. In the various exhibition areas of the Anti-Japanese War Hall, our visiting group followed the guidance in the narrator's emotional explanation, listened carefully, looked carefully, was affectionately focused, solemn, sometimes took notes, and some also used cameras and mobile phones to take pictures and objects in the exhibition hall, for fear of leaving any important historical materials behind, and there were special people recording with voice recorders.
At the Anti-Japanese War Hall, we also saw the awarding of the "Cross-Strait Exchange Base". In recent years, relevant units on the mainland have successively held special exhibitions on the War of Resistance of Taiwan compatriots in various places on both sides of the strait, visited Taiwan compatriots' relics of the War of Resistance represented by the "five major families," and participated in academic exchanges on the history of the War of Resistance between the two sides of the strait, which have played an important role in promoting the spiritual harmony of compatriots on both sides of the strait and strengthening national, national, cultural and emotional identity. In 2015, on the occasion of the 70th anniversary of the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japan, the mainland opened a separate memorial hall of the Taiwan War of Resistance in the Anti-Japanese War Hall to commemorate the history of resistance against Japan from the first invasion of Taiwan in 1874 to the restoration of Taiwan in 1945. On September 2019, 9, the Taiwan Affairs Office of the CPC Central Committee and the Taiwan Affairs Office of the State Council held a medal awarding ceremony for the "Cross-Strait Exchange Base" at the Anti-Japanese War Hall. This award has made it a display window, a beautiful business card and an important position for exchanges between Beijing and Taiwan, laying a solid foundation for promoting the in-depth development of exchanges and cooperation between Beijing and Taiwan.
In the middle of the visit, Luo Cunkang, director of the Anti-Japanese War Museum, and Lai Shengliang, deputy director of the Anti-Japanese War Museum, hurriedly arrived after participating in the cross-strait anti-Japanese war history group activities and personally began to give explanations. While introducing the contents of the exhibition hall, Director Luo said: The mainland and Taiwan belong to the same China, compatriots on both sides of the strait are one family, and the history and spirit of the War of Resistance are the common wealth of the sons and daughters of China on both sides of the strait. He pointed out that the Anti-Taiwan War Museum will cherish, manage, and make good use of the "cross-strait exchange base," continuously strengthen the planning, construction, and management of the cross-strait exchange base, tap and use the cultural resources of the anti-strait war, take the history of the anti-strait war recognized by both sides of the strait as the link, actively carry out cross-strait historical and cultural research and exchanges on the anti-strait war of resistance, and make positive contributions to carrying forward the spirit of the Chinese nation's war of resistance.
Director Luo's remarks were unanimously endorsed by the members of the delegation. Everyone said that history is the best textbook and the best sobering agent. Chinese people have indelible memories of the suffering caused by war and a tireless pursuit of peace. Yes, history will always remember this day. On August 1945, 8, Japan surrendered unconditionally. On this day, the War of Resistance Against Japan ended with the victory of the Chinese people and the defeat of Japanese fascism. The 15-year war of aggression against China launched by the Japanese aggressors brought extremely deep suffering to the Chinese people, most of China was trampled on, more than 14 cities were forcibly occupied, a total of 930 million casualties were caused, and direct economic losses exceeded $3500 billion. As a Chinese, we cannot lose our memory of the wounds of history and forget the heroic souls that have passed away. Don't forget the national shame, the alarm bell rings for a long time.
The Anti-Japanese War Museum is part of the Chinese Anti-Japanese War Memorial Site in Fengtai District, Beijing, and the entire Anti-Japanese War Memorial Site also includes several parts such as Wanping City and Lugou Bridge. With a heavy mood, we came out of the Anti-Japanese War Hall and then visited Wanping City and Lugou Bridge where the "Lugou Bridge Incident" (that is, the "July Seven Incident") broke out that shocked China and abroad. We walked west on the long streets of Wanping City, there were very few people on the streets, and from time to time we encountered crowds of visitors, and we also saw some of the former barracks sites and Xinglong Temple mentioned in the history books of the Anti-Japanese War, as well as the "Wanping County Ya". In the first year of Liaokai Tai (1012), Youdu County was changed to Wanping County, and the word Wanping took the meaning of "Wanran Yiping", and the area of Wanping County in that year included all or most of present-day Xicheng District, Fengtai District, Shijingshan District, Haidian District, and Mentougou District of Beijing. Until the abolition of Wanping County in 1952, it existed for a total of 940 years.
Originally Gongbei City, Wanping City was built in the eleventh year of Chongzhen (1638 AD) at the end of the Ming Dynasty to prevent peasant armies from attacking the Jing Division. As an acropolis, Wanping City has a different shape and structure from ordinary cities, and there are no streets, alleys, markets, bell and drum towers and other facilities in the city at the beginning, only two gates, east and west, "Shunzhi Gate" and west "Yongchang Gate". Qing Dynasty changed the name of the city "Gongbei City" to "Gongji City", changed "Yongchang Gate" to "Majestic Gate", the city is 640 meters long from east to west, 320 meters wide from north to south, with a total area of 20,8 square meters, is one of the most complete preserved ancient cities of the Ming Dynasty, called "Gongji City" in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, in December 1928, because Wanping County has been transferred to Hebei Province, the Republic of China government moved the Yamen of Wanping County from Beiping City to Gongji City, and then renamed Wanping City, It was stationed by the 12rd Battalion of the 29th Regiment of the 110th Brigade of the 219th Army of the National Revolutionary Army and the 3nd Battalion of the 1nd Regiment of the 2st Security Brigade.
Wanping City is located in the east of Lugou Bridge, the west city gate is connected to Lugou Bridge, guarding the southwest traffic artery of Beijing, the construction of this city is to protect the security of the southwest flank of Beijing, so the military status is extremely important, especially in the late Qing Dynasty, with the opening of the Beijing-Hankou Railway (Jingshi-Hankou), making Wanping City become an acropolis guarding the two traffic arteries of Beijing's southwest railway and highway, and is the top priority of Beijing's defense. The city lives on the east bank of the Yongding River, facing the Lugou Bridge, straight to the throat of Gyeonggi, and the city is known as "although the bureau system is small, but Chongyong Hundred Pheasants, like a Xiongguan".
Walk west from the main street of Wanping City, and the west city gate is Lugou Bridge. Lugou Bridge, also known as Lugou Bridge, is located on the Yongding River southwest of Beijing, built in the Jin Dynasty (1188 AD), and has been rebuilt many times, the last time rebuilt in the 1689th year of the Kangxi Dynasty (266 AD), named for its crossing of the Lugou River (i.e. Yongding River). The total length of this bridge is 6.7 meters, the width of the bridge deck is 5.9 meters, and the total width of the bridge body is 3.11 meters, which is an 32-hole joint arch stone bridge. The geese-winged bridge deck on both sides of the bridge is trumpet-shaped, and the entrance is 140 meters wide. Stone railings are set on both sides of the bridge deck, with 141 pillars on the north side and 1 on the south side. The distance between the lookout pillars is about 8.2 meters to 1 meters, and the height of the columns is 4.0 meters. Each pillar is carved with lions, some are single lions, some are multiple lions, and the sizes and shapes are different, the large ones are tens of centimeters high, and the small ones are only a few centimeters. Some squatted on stone pillars, as if roaring into the distance; Some lowered their heads, as if listening intently to the sound of running water under the bridge; Some lion cubs snuggle into the arms of the lioness, as if they are asleep; Some little lions hide behind big lions, as if doing interesting games; There are also little lions who are probably too naughty and are pressed to the ground by the big lion with their paws ... There is a saying in Beijing: "The lions of the Lugou Bridge - countless." "There are indeed too many stone lions on the pillars of the Lugou Bridge to count, but the cultural relics workers have counted 85 in total. It is believed that everyone who has visited the Lugou Bridge is amazed by the wisdom and superb masonry craftsmanship of ancient craftsmen.
The whole bridge has a solid structure, and the key parts are connected by silver ingots and iron mortise, which is the longest, oldest, largest and most spectacular ancient stone bridge in North China. At the west end of the bridge are the Kangxi "Chayongding River Poem" stele and the Qianlong "Chongyue Lugou Bridge Record" stele, and the Qianlong "Lugou Xiaoyue" stele pavilion at the east end. Lugou Bridge is majestic and elegant, simple and dignified, with both architectural features and artistic aesthetics, and the Italian traveler Marco Polo in the Yuan Dynasty described it as a magnificent stone bridge in "Marco Polo's Travels", praising it as "a unique bridge in the world". Later, foreigners simply called the Lugou Bridge "Marco Polo Bridge". So that these blessings have added countless historical brilliance to the Lugou Bridge.
The layout of the bridge and the city is much like a scorpion. It is said that there are two wells outside the Shunzhi Gate that are eyes, Wanpingcheng is the body, and Lugou Bridge is the long tail. Under the tail is the Yongding River, which flows endlessly.
Known as the mother river of Beijing, the Yongding River is one of the seven major river systems in the Haihe River Basin and the largest river in the suburbs of Beijing. According to research, the Yongding River was formed about 300 million years ago, giving birth to a rich and profound cultural heritage, which can run through the ancient human, ancient capital, ancient city and ancient village culture of the river basin that can run through the development history of Chinese civilization; the water culture of the basin with the origin, change, governance and development of the Yongding River; The traffic culture of the ancient road in the river basin witnessed by the Jingxi Business Travel Ancient Road, the Jinxiang Ancient Road, and the Military Ancient Road; Modern and modern anti-war culture. These rich and unique human resources attract people to linger.
Yongding River, ancient name? Water, known as the Sangan River in the Sui Dynasty and Lugou in the Jin Dynasty, is flooded from July to August every year. The river water drains rapidly from the Yanshan Gorge, and there are many cliffs on both sides, with a drop of 7:8 and a maximum flow of about 320 cubic meters per second. The river carries a large amount of sediment, the river is turbid, silt and silt, forming above-ground rivers over time. The characteristics of good dredging, good determination and good migration are similar to the Yellow River, and in the Yuan and Ming dynasties, there were other names of the Hun River and the Little Yellow River, and because the riverbed often changed, the migration was impermanent, also known as the Wuding River. In the 1th year of the Kangxi Dynasty of the Qing Dynasty, that is, in 5200 AD, large-scale renovation and dredging of river channels, strengthening of bank embankments, and thorough control of floods. In order to give the river an auspicious name, Kangxi renamed the Wuding River to the Yongding River, which is still used today. Qianlong once passed by the Lugou Bridge on the Yongding River in autumn, and obtained this beautiful scenery, and gave the poem "Half hook to take photos in three autumn light, one practice wave flat mirror ming" here, and inscribed "Lugou Xiaoyue" to erect a monument at the head of the bridge. Later, "Lugou Xiaoyue" became one of the eight scenic spots of Yanjing. Not to mention the landscape of the Xiaoyue water-colored bridge, the geographical traffic location alone is the gateway to the southwest of the capital, which is too important. Now, from the road southwest of Liuli Bridge, it is known that the ancients took a short road into Beijing and walked out step by step from the Lugou Bridge across the Yongding River. The Yongding River, which is healed by floods, nourishes and protects the people on this water and soil.
However, at the end of the thirties of the last century, the Japanese invaders broke the calm of the Yongding River, and at the same time, the iron feet of the Japanese invaders also stepped on the mountains and rivers of the entire country of China.
Japan's occupation of China and its war of aggression against China have been planned for a long time. Since the "1931 September" incident in 1936, the Japanese aggressors have been transporting troops into China one after another in order to further provoke a full-scale war of aggression against China. By <>, the Japanese army had surrounded Peiping from the east, west and north.
On the night of July 1937, 7, the Japanese garrison stationed on the west bank of the Yongding River held a so-called military exercise near the position of the Chinese garrison without notifying the local Chinese authorities, and falsely claimed that a Japanese soldier was missing, and asked to enter the county town of Wanping southwest of Beiping to search, but the Chinese defenders refused, and then the Japanese army brazenly attacked, opened fire and shelled the Lugou Bridge, attacking the Chinese defenders in the city, and the 7th Regiment of the 29th Division of the 37th Army of the Chinese defenders was forced to fight back, which was the "Lugou Bridge Incident" that shocked China and abroad ”。 The Chinese anti-Japanese army fired the first shot of the all-out war of resistance at the Lugou Bridge, setting off the prelude to the national resistance against Japan. After the "Lugou Bridge Incident", Japan launched a full-scale war of aggression against China, and the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression broke out, opening the war against aggression of the Chinese people, until 219, when Japan surrendered unconditionally and the War of Resistance Against Japan won a complete victory.
The "Lugou Bridge Incident" was the beginning of the Japanese imperialist all-out war of aggression against China and the starting point of the Chinese nation's all-out war of resistance. In that tragic war, the sons and daughters of China fought indomitably and bloodily, completely defeated the Japanese imperialist aggressors, defended the achievements of civilization in the 5000,<> years of development of the Chinese nation, and forged a spectacle in the history of war and a feat of the Chinese nation. Today, the Lugou Bridge has become a business card for publicizing the revolutionary traditions of the Chinese nation and conducting patriotic education. Greeting the peaceful wind of practice, passing through the head of Wanping City with traces of guns and shells, it seems that you can still hear the roar and heaven-shaking shouts in your ears; Along the historical imprints of rutted cars, walking on the Lugou Bridge under the setting sun, it seems that you can still see the rush and succession of the mountains and rivers...
Thinking about the past, thinking about the scenes of the War of Resistance in the past, I lamented the importance of peace. Standing on the Lugou Bridge, the surrounding Wanping City, the Chinese Anti-Japanese War Memorial Hall, the Yongding River Ferry Wharf, the Pinghan Railway Bridge Site, the Anti-Japanese War Sculpture Park, etc., together with the Lugou Bridge, constitute a spectacular historical and cultural picture.
Although the war is a long time ago, our history tells us: good war will die, and forgetting war will be dangerous. The bitter lessons left by the war that rolled up from the Lugou bridge are deeply memorable. For the Chinese nation, it is an eternal national tragedy, an eternal struggle, an eternal remembrance and eternal remembrance.
(About author:Zeng Heping, retired army colonel, editor-in-chief of the National Defense Education Network, and scholar of the history of the Anti-Japanese War. )
Taiwan Net, China