China News Service, Beijing, January 23 (Reporter Sun Zifa) A newly published health research paper in "Nature Metabolism", a professional academic journal of Springer Nature, shows that increased milk intake is associated with the inability to produce lactase (non-sustained production). Lactase) is associated with a reduced risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in adults.
The study found only in lactase-deficient individuals that increased milk intake altered the levels of specific species of the gut microbiome and circulating metabolites, which was associated with a reduced risk of type 2 diabetes.
The paper introduces that the single nucleotide polymorphism rs4988235 genotype of the lactase LCT gene determines whether an individual can continue to express lactase in adulthood.
Individuals who continue to produce lactase (AA/AG genotype) can easily digest high-lactase dairy products (such as milk) as adults, while non-continuous lactase production (GG genotype) will lead to lactase deficiency, and in many cases Causes lactose intolerance.
In this study, the corresponding author of the paper, a research team from the Albert Einstein College of Medicine in the United States, and collaborators analyzed the Hispanic Community Health Study/Hispanic Studies (HCHS/ Host genotype, gut microbiome, and blood metabolite levels in 12,653 subjects from SOL).
They assessed the subjects' milk intake through two 24-hour dietary recalls (in which subjects were asked to recall all food and drink they consumed in a 24-hour period) and a food preference questionnaire, and found that only in non-sustained lactase production Among the subjects, it was found that each increase in milk intake (i.e. one cup of liquid milk) was associated with an approximately 30% reduction in the risk of type 2 diabetes.
The research team also verified the association between milk intake, LCT genotype and type 2 diabetes risk in 167,172 subjects from the UK Biobank.
In a Hispanic and Latino cohort, they found that milk intake was associated with unique changes in the abundance of gut microbiota in individuals who did not consistently produce lactase, and that the observed enrichment of Bifidobacterium was associated with a reduced risk of type 2 diabetes.
Milk intake was also associated with specific changes in blood metabolite levels in subjects with non-sustained lactase production, such as changes in branched amino acids and tryptophan metabolites, which were found to be associated with a reduced risk of type 2 diabetes.
The authors noted that no association with type 2 diabetes risk was observed among participants who continued to produce lactase.
They found that changes in bacterial species abundance were related to changes in metabolite levels.
This suggests that milk intake may specifically affect gut microbiota composition and blood metabolite profiles in a manner that depends on host LCT genotype, and that milk intake may help prevent type 2 diabetes in lactase-deficient individuals.
(over)