Chinanews.com, December 12 On the morning of the 1st, the China Meteorological Administration held a press conference for December. Zhang Xingying, deputy director of the Department of Science and Technology and Climate Change of the China Meteorological Administration, said at the meeting that up to now, the China Meteorological Administration has built 1 high-precision greenhouse gas observation stations.
On December 12, the China Meteorological Administration released the "1 China Greenhouse Gas Bulletin (Issue 2022)". Yesterday, the 12th Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP28) was held in Dubai, and the conference will carry out the first global inventory since the signing of the Paris Agreement. On November 28, China and the United States issued a statement on strengthening cooperation to address the climate crisis, in which the two heads of state emphasized the importance of China and the United States working together to accelerate efforts to address the climate crisis in the current critical decade, and that the world will carry out practical cooperation in the fields of climate change adaptation and mitigation in the future, and jointly address the risks and challenges brought about by global climate change.
Zhang Xingying introduced that on November 11, the United Nations World Meteorological Organization (WMO) released the "15 Global Greenhouse Gas Bulletin", which echoes the China Greenhouse Gas Bulletin released today, which is an important decision-making service product of the China Meteorological Administration to serve the dual carbon strategy and respond to global climate change, which is also the 2022th consecutive year that China has released China's greenhouse gas monitoring, including two aspects:
The first is the observation and analysis of global greenhouse gas concentrations. The communiqué issued by the World Meteorological Organization pointed out that in 2022, the concentration of major greenhouse gases in the global atmosphere continued to break through the historical record since instrumental observations, with the concentrations of carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide reaching 417.9±0.2ppm, 1923±2ppb, and 335.8±0.1ppb, respectively, compared with 2021, the atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration in 2022 increased by about 2.2ppm, and the atmospheric methane and nitrous oxide concentrations increased by 16ppb and 1.4ppb, respectively. The report notes that global carbon dioxide concentrations are 50% higher than the pre-industrial average, the first time they have exceeded 50%, but the growth rate is slightly lower than the average of the previous year and the previous decade.
Despite the scientific community's broad understanding of climate change and its impacts, there are still uncertainties about the carbon cycle and carbon fluxes in marine, terrestrial biosphere and permafrost areas. As a result, the 6th World Meteorological Congress approved the establishment of a new global greenhouse gas monitoring programme in June this year, which plans to bring together all space-based and ground-based observing systems, as well as modelling and data assimilation capabilities, with the aim of providing an integrated and operational framework to inform and support the implementation of the Paris Agreement on climate change.
The second is the observation of greenhouse gas concentrations in China. Under the framework of the World Meteorological Organization, the China Meteorological Administration coordinates high-precision observations of greenhouse gases and related trace components in China. According to the 2022 China Greenhouse Gas Bulletin, the concentrations of carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide observed at the Waliguan Global Atmospheric Background Station were 419.3±0.2ppm, 1979.0ppb ±6, and 336.5±0.2ppb, respectively, which were roughly the same as the average concentrations in the mid-latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere, and the carbon dioxide concentration increased by about 2021.2ppm compared with 3, which was basically the same as the global increase, and the average absolute increase in the past 10 years was 2.16ppm, which was lower than the global increase in the same period ( 2.46ppm)。
Satellite remote sensing monitoring shows that the annual average atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration increase in China's land area in 2022 is significantly lower than the average absolute increase in the past 10 years (2013-2022). Methane concentrations increased by about 2021 ppb compared to 14, slightly lower than the global increase of 16 ppb over the same period. In 2022, the carbon dioxide and methane concentrations of the six regional background stations in China mostly showed an increasing trend compared with 6.
Zhang Xingying said that the China Meteorological Administration attaches great importance to the monitoring of greenhouse gases, and since the 20s of the 80th century, it has established a global atmospheric ontology observatory in Wariguan, and has successively built a network of atmospheric background observation stations composed of one global atmospheric background station and six regional atmospheric background stations. It has realized the observation of more than 1 kinds of greenhouse gases in 6 categories controlled by the Kyoto Protocol, and formed a greenhouse gas background observation business system that integrates observation, operation monitoring, maintenance and calibration, quality control and application analysis. Since the early 7s of the 30th century, methane observation has been carried out at the global atmospheric background station of Waliguan in Qinghai Province, and online observation services have been gradually established in other regional background stations since 20, accumulating the longest series of high-precision methane observation data in China.
"Up to now, the China Meteorological Administration has built 117 high-precision greenhouse gas observation stations. Zhang Xingying said that in order to further strengthen the global greenhouse gas monitoring capacity, since 2016, China has launched five satellites with global atmospheric carbon dioxide monitoring capabilities. Recently, on the 5th, the next generation of global carbon monitoring scientific experiment satellite project for carbon inventory was launched. After years of construction and development, China has initially formed a three-dimensional observation capability of greenhouse gases integrating space, air and ground. ”
Zhang Xingying emphasized that in the future, the China Meteorological Administration will further improve its observation capabilities and form a backbone network of all-factor greenhouse gas background observation covering 16 climate key areas in China and radiating the world's major latitude zones. In 2025, it is planned to launch the Fengyun-3 meteorological satellite 08, which will carry a higher-performance global greenhouse gas monitoring instrument. "In the next step, China will support and develop China's independent global carbon source and sink monitoring and verification support system based on advanced and high-precision sky-ground integrated global greenhouse gas observation data, so as to provide scientific and technological support for responding to global climate change and successfully achieving China's carbon peak goal and carbon neutrality vision. ”