This summer, which was pointed out by the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) as "abnormal weather," the average temperature in Japan was 1.76 degrees higher than normal, the highest in the 125 years since the Japan Meteorological Agency began keeping statistics. The sea surface temperature near Japan was also at a record high, and the data confirmed that it was the hottest summer on both the ground and the sea.
Record high temperatures on the ground and at sea
The Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) released a summary of this summer's weather from June to August on the 1st.
As a result, the average temperature this summer was 6.8°C higher than normal.
The average summer temperature was the highest in 1 years, far exceeding the previous highest temperature of 76.1898°C in 2010 since statistics began in 1.
In particular, the northern Japan showed a remarkable trend of high temperatures, which were 08°C above normal.
The intense heat that occurred one after another in various places also affected nighttime, and on the 125th of last month, Itoigawa City in Niigata Prefecture recorded the highest minimum temperature in 3 locations nationwide, including the lowest temperature of 10.31 degrees Celsius, which was the highest in Japan.
This heat affects not only land but also marine areas, and the average sea surface temperature near Japan is 4°C above normal, exceeding last year's 1.248°C since 1, when statistics were first compiled, and was the highest ever.
In particular
, 1982.0°C in the southeastern part of Hokkaido along the coast of the Japan Sea and the Pacific Ocean from Hokkaido to Aomori Prefecture ▽8.3°
C in the northern part of the Japan Sea in the western waters of Hokkaido and Aomori Prefecture
▽1.2°C in the southern part of the Japan Sea from Tohoku to San'in
▽ The eastern part of Honshu, the sea area from Tohoku to Kanto, was 56.2 degrees higher, both of which were the highest average summer sea surface temperatures on record.
Regarding this record-breaking heat, a panel of experts from the Japan Meteorological Agency pointed out on the 1th of last month that it was due to the fact that the area around the Japan was easily covered by an anticyclone and warm and moist air continued to flow in, and that it could be said that it was abnormal weather.
On the other hand, precipitation throughout the summer was less on the Pacific side of the northern Japan.
Extreme heat of "extreme weather"
We will look at the weather this summer month by month.
In June, it was easy to be covered by an anticyclone, and the temperature rose mainly in the northern Japan and eastern Japan, and in July, after the end of the rainy season from the Tohoku region to the Kyushu region, there were many sunny days nationwide, and there were a series of extremely hot days.
In August, the temperature rose further, and on the 6th in Date City, Fukushima Prefecture, and on the 7th, Komatsu City, Ishikawa Prefecture, both reached 8 degrees Celsius, making it a record heat.
In central Tokyo, 5 extremely hot days were observed by the 10st, the highest number ever since statistics began to be collected in 40, and the maximum temperature of 31 degrees Celsius or higher continued for 22 days until the 1875st.
On the one hand, the record low rainfall also affects crops.
On the other hand, in August, the northern Japan and eastern Japan Japan Sea side were covered by an anticyclone and did not receive much rainfall, resulting in record-low rainfall.
The
amount of rainfall in one month was only 8 mm in Niigata City, 1.2 mm in Esashi Town in southern Hokkaido, and 11 mm
in Sakata City, Yamagata Prefecture, the lowest ever for August.
In Niigata Prefecture, the water storage rate of some dams has reached 5%, and crops have been affected, such as rice withering.
Many hot days are expected in September
According to the Japan Meteorological Agency, the area around Japan is expected to be covered with warm air until the end of this month, and many hot days are expected from the eastern Japan to the western Japan.
The Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) has issued a "Weather Information on Low Rainfall and Long-term High Temperatures," stating that there will be little rain for the next week or so and high temperatures for about two weeks, especially in the northern Japan and eastern Japan, and urges people to continue to be vigilant against heat stroke and to pay close attention to the management of crops and water.
Tohoku~Hokuriku Japan Sea Coast Above average sea surface temperature around Okinawa
According to the Japan Meteorological Agency, the Kuroshio Current that flows along the southern coast of the Japan reaches the coast of the Boso Peninsula and then flows eastward away from Honshu as a "continuation" every year.
However, since this spring, the Kuroshio Current has moved northward to the coast of Sanriku, and it seems that the seawater in the waters near the northern Japan has warmed.
In addition, along the coast of the Japan Sea from Tohoku to Hokuriku, the average sea surface temperature exceeded 30 degrees Celsius last month, exceeding the average sea surface temperature around Okinawa this summer.
This is the first time that the mean sea surface temperature in this area has exceeded 30 degrees Celsius since statistics began in 1982.
As for the cause, the Japan Meteorological Agency explained that the northern Japan had many sunny days due to high temperatures covered by high pressure last month, and the sea surface temperature increased due to the sun and warm air.
Experts say "a worrying summer"
Experts say that this summer's temperature is closely related to the warm air on the ground and the sea surface temperature near the Japan, and that the temperature of each other has risen to the record-breaking heat.
Professor Takashi Nakamura of the Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology at the University of Tokyo, who is an expert on climate change, said, "What was characteristic was the waters on the Pacific side of the northern Japan, where warm air from the south is usually cooled by the sea, but this year the cooling effect did not work because the sea was warm, leading to a rise in temperature. In this area, even in summer, the water temperature is relatively low and the air is cooled, making it easy for clouds to form, but this year clouds are very difficult to form, and the sunlight directly reaches the sea surface and further raises the sea surface temperature. The relationship between air temperature and water temperature reinforces each other is particularly pronounced around the northern Japan, and the highest temperature on record."
"In addition to multiple natural fluctuations such as the warming of the tropics due to the El Niño phenomenon and changes in atmospheric flow and rising sea surface temperatures, the combined effects of global warming caused record high temperatures. It was a worrying summer."
Regarding the future outlook, Professor Nakamura said, "There is a high possibility that the residual heat will continue for a while, and if the sea surface temperature remains high, it may be difficult for the typhoon to weaken when it moves north. In addition, sea surface temperatures in Japan are likely to remain above normal, and water vapor may promote the development of snow clouds, which may increase the amount of snow this winter."