Motivation for the interview
Recently, Roarlang Studio issued a notice, saying that it has suffered major infringements jointly committed by Jiang Guangtao and others since 2021, and announced the permanent termination of cooperation with it. Subsequently, terms such as "Jiang Guangtao is suspected of criminal offenses" and "Can Jiang Guangtao donate his vocal cords" appeared on the hot search list, which continued to cause heated discussions among netizens.
Jiang Guangtao is a well-known senior voice actor in China, who has participated in the dubbing of many film and television dramas and games such as "Langya List" and "Ancient Sword and Qitan", with a bright resume and many fans. As soon as the announcement came out, many netizens called "collapse" (an Internet buzzword, meaning the collapse of the image of idols in the hearts of fans). Many netizens also raised whether the film and television drama characters dubbed by him would be "linked" off the shelves? And how to regulate the "entertainment" industry?
Around the above issues, the reporter conducted an interview.
□ Zhao Li, reporter of this newspaper
□ Intern Hu Miao
Jiang Guangtao - this name may not be recognized, but you should have heard his voice more or less. Because his career almost coincides with the development of the domestic dubbing industry.
When I entered the industry, I was at the end of the translation and production era. In 1999, he became the voice actor of Jack in "Titanic", and since then he has contributed to many popular dramas at that time: Hua Wujian in the film and television drama "Little Fish and Flowers Without Defects", Lin Chen in "Langya List", Deer God in the anime "Big Fish and Begonia", Shizun in "Jiang Ziya", Jiang Yunfan in the game "The Legend of Sword and Fairy V", Ye Xuan in "Painted Traveler in Time and Space" and so on.
Up to now, according to incomplete statistics, Jiang Guangtao has participated in 190 TV series, 71 movies, 54 cartoons, 47 radio dramas, as well as 21 games, 4 documentaries, and 6 audio books.
Voice actors were originally only behind-the-scenes staff, but with the process of idolization of voice actors, voice actors have their own exclusive fan groups, that is, they have the so-called ability to "carry dramas".
Regrettably, voice actor "collapse" incidents occur from time to time.
As early as 2020, the domestic dubbing circle frequently "collapsed". For example, Li Yuantao, who voiced Lu Shen, one of the male protagonists in Tencent's popular mobile game "Love of Light and Night", was exposed to deliberately close to the character in real life after eating the character dividend, thereby "sleeping powder, PUA, cold violence", and maintaining improper relationships with many female fans.
"From the perspective of the masses, voice actors have a certain influence and appeal, and as public figures, they should assume corresponding responsibilities. From the perspective of voice actors, some people do not feel that they are public figures, but just ordinary migrant workers doing dubbing work, and their words and deeds should not be subject to higher moral constraints and restrictions outside the law. There is a certain discrepancy between the voice actor's identity perception and the masses, which has led to the intensification of the 'house collapse' incident. Yu Feng, a researcher at the Strategic Research Center for Legislation and Rule of Law at East China Normal University, said.
Yu Feng explained that voice actors, as the name suggests, are people engaged in dubbing performances. Anyone who uses his or her skills to engage in theatrical performance, whether in front of the stage or behind the scenes, is an artist, and the voice actor is the artist who exists behind the scenes. The "bad deeds" among bad artists refer to words and deeds, which can be roughly divided into criminal bad deeds, illegal bad deeds, bad deeds that violate morality and public order and good customs, and bad deeds in politics, such as making remarks that run counter to national interests and the unification of the motherland.
"Whether bad artists can never come back or relatively cannot come back, different documents in our country are not consistent. For example, the Measures for the Self-Discipline Management of Entertainers in the Performance Industry, implemented by the China Performance Industry Association in March 2021, implement industry boycotts of different degrees such as 3 year, 1 years, 3 years and permanent according to the seriousness and degree of harm caused by entertainers violating the practice norms. In September 5, the General Office of the State Administration of Press, Publication, Radio, and Television issued the Notice on Strengthening the Management of the Production and Dissemination of Radio and Television Programs, Film and Television Dramas, and Online Audiovisual Programs (New Radio, Film and Television Office Fa No. 2014), which stipulates that criminal artists with bad deeds may not participate in the production of film and television programs, and the notice does not reserve provisions for such artists to invoke for their comeback. Yu Feng's analysis shows that if Jiang Guangtao bears relevant criminal responsibilities, whether he can continue to engage in the dubbing industry after returning to society depends on at least three factors, namely the nature of the crime, the degree of harm of the crime and the subjective and intentional attitude of the crime. If all three factors are heavier, it will be difficult for them to continue working as voice actors after returning to society, or be banned at the national level, or boycotted at the industry level.
Some netizens also questioned whether the nearly 400 film and television drama characters dubbed by Jiang Guangtao would be "linked" removed because of this?
In this regard, Yu Feng believes that literary and artistic works, including film and television, are not only messengers for spreading culture, but also carriers for cultural inheritance. If a film and television work with huge costs and a large number of participants is removed just because one of the voice actors violates the criminal law, it is a huge loss to economic value and social and cultural value. Considering that the "New Radio and Television Office Fa No. 100 Document" has provisions on "not broadcasting and screening film and television programs produced by criminal offenders as the main creators", for audiovisual works in which Jiang Guangtao participates in dubbing, whether they have been completed, are being broadcast, or have not yet been broadcast, or are in dubbing production, the relevant competent departments may notify the audiovisual works production units involved, and use modern science and technology to replace Jiang Guangtao's voice with the voice of other voice actors or AI, so as to avoid all the works being removed from the shelves. It brings loss of cultural welfare to society and major economic loss to related companies.
As for the additional cost of replacing Jiang Guangtao's voice with the voice of other voice actors or AI, whether it is borne by the production unit of the audiovisual work involved or Jiang Guangtao, Yu Feng told reporters that it is usually agreed in the agreement between them; If there is no agreement, it shall be resolved through consultation between the two parties.
In view of the continuous problem of artists violating the law and unethics, Yu Feng suggested that the entertainment industry accelerate the establishment of an assessment mechanism for the cultivation of artists' moral literacy and a screening and elimination mechanism, and set entry limits and regulations for elimination through a combination of "positive list" and "negative list".
"It is also necessary to strengthen education from the moral level, appropriately link moral aberration with legal punishment, and avoid the lack of urgency, pressure and awe of artists due to insufficient moral binding force." Yu Feng said that the moral level of a group reflects the moral level of the society as a whole, ignoring or ignoring the moral problems of other groups, and only focusing on the moral problems of artists, the effect may be partial and short-lived, so the whole society needs to abide by moral norms and legal rules to create a clean social evaluation orientation.
Wu Chunyong, executive deputy secretary-general and chief technical expert of the Star Endorsement Regulation Committee of the Beijing Advertising Association, proposed that we can try to promote entertainers to add an economically binding clause in the process of cooperation with film and television program producers and investors, such as producers or investors adding a "tightening curse" when signing cooperation agreements with more important cast members, that is, due to the negative impact of the actor's own behavior on the work, or will bear a huge amount of compensation, the purpose is to allow artists to have a long-term impact on their public image, Personal branding is responsible.