Unauthorized decoration without approval, and many house collapse accidents occurred in recent years
The "load-bearing wall" overwhelmed by interests
Tracking of the "7·12" Hotel Collapse Accident in Wujiang, Jiangsu
On the afternoon of July 12, the auxiliary building of Siji Kaiyuan Hotel on Youche Road, Songling Street, Wujiang District, Suzhou collapsed.
Under the ruins, the lives of 17 people were permanently frozen in the ruins.
According to Xinhua News Agency’s report, the Wujiang District Government of Suzhou City reported that it was related to the hotel’s unauthorized renovation and renovation, and the load-bearing walls of the hotel’s auxiliary building were suspected of being demolished.
There is not only one case of demolishing and modifying buildings without approval.
Last year, the Xinjia Hotel in Quanzhou, Fujian also collapsed due to additional floors, which eventually led to a tragedy of 29 deaths.
29 people were killed in the collapse of a hotel in Linfen, Shanxi Province due to the private construction of a "banquet hall"...
The alarm bell did not ring forever, how to prevent the tragedy from happening again?
Recently, Chengdu Commercial Daily-Red Star News reporters talked to experts including lawyers, construction practitioners, hotel researchers, etc., and analyzed in depth the reasons behind many accidents of unauthorized demolition and modification of buildings, in order to find out the true nature of unauthorized renovation of old houses. The harm is.
Chengdu Commercial Daily-Red Star News reporter Yang Yuqi and Wu Yang
Hotel collapsed/
Decoration has not gone through the approval process
The load-bearing wall is suspected to be demolished
The Four Seasons Kaiyuan Hotel in Wujiang District of Suzhou has been under construction for nearly 30 years. However, both the surrounding residents and the guests who have stayed in the hotel have said that there has been constant renovation recently.
The netizen "Shui Zheng" who stayed at the hotel the day before the incident told reporters that he had just checked out about an hour before the hotel collapsed. It was not until the police verified the information that he knew that the hotel he was staying in that night had fallen. Up.
What is a hotel auxiliary room?
Li Xiang, deputy dean of the hotel research institute and IDM Hotel Research Institute, explained in an interview that from the perspective of hotel architecture, some large resort hotels or low-rise hotels will consist of a main building and multiple buildings, and connected Gallery connection.
The podium except the main building is also the auxiliary room.
Generally, hotels such as banquet halls, SPA areas, and dining areas will be set up in auxiliary rooms. The second floor and above of auxiliary rooms will be planned as guest rooms.
Shuiyang still has lingering fears.
According to his memories, the room he was staying in was on the third floor of the annex building. From around 8 o'clock in the morning, you could hear obvious decoration sounds.
Although the building where the hotel is located is old, Shui Zheng said that the interior decoration of the hotel rooms is not old and there is no sense of age.
Why did this hotel collapse suddenly?
According to the Xinhua News Agency, the Wujiang District Government of Suzhou City has released information showing that, after preliminary technical analysis and judgment, the preliminary cause of the accident may be that the existing property owner of the collapsed house arranged for workers to enter the site to carry out renovations without authorization.
The internal load-bearing walls of the hotel’s auxiliary building were suspected of being demolished and altered, causing some houses to collapse.
The decoration of the Four Seasons Kaiyuan Hotel has not gone through the relevant approval procedures, nor has it reported to the housing construction department for the record.
In fact, since 2015, this hotel has changed its name several times.
The reporter found through a map search that the hotel had been renamed many times. The hotel was named "Shanhu Hotel" in 2014, "Family Banquet" in 2017, and "Junyuan Hotel" in 2019 until 2020. Renamed as "Four Seasons Kaiyuan Hotel", the five-storey building facing the street is enclosed in the interior, and there is a 4-storey building on one side.
"From the content of the report, the possible problem with the hotel is that the auxiliary room may not have been used as a hotel room before, but it should have been modified by the operator without authorization, which caused the collapse of the building." Li Xiang explained that the Four Seasons Kaiyuan Hotel is in In the process of demolition or decoration, in order to expand the business area, partition walls, facilities and equipment were added without authorization, and the load-bearing wall was destroyed, which directly led to the collapse of the building.
Not an isolated case/
Building collapse accidents occurred in many places
All due to illegal stamping and decoration
On July 14, the State Council Security Committee decided to set up a supervisory team to supervise the major collapse of the Four Seasons Kaiyuan Hotel in Wujiang District, Suzhou, Jiangsu.
So far, the Jiangsu Provincial Government has established an accident investigation team to conduct in-depth investigations into the specific causes of the accident in accordance with laws and regulations.
The public security organs subpoenaed the hotel’s legal representative, actual operator, project leader, engineering designer, and on-site construction leader, etc., and took criminal coercive measures against relevant personnel.
This is not the first tragedy in recent years that has caused a building collapse accident due to the implementation of illegal renovation of an old building.
On the morning of August 29 last year, a restaurant in Xiangfen County, Linfen City, Shanxi Province suddenly collapsed.
According to media reports, the hotel involved actually built a house for the villagers around 1982.
In the early stage of the accident, a prefabricated slab roof was placed in the middle of the yard to form a "banquet hall", and then a simple color steel plate roof was erected on the uppermost part of the yard.
According to the investigation team established by the State Council in the collapse of the Xinjia Hotel in Quanzhou, Fujian on March 7 last year, the direct cause of the accident was that the accident unit converted the hotel building from the original four floors and illegally increased the mezzanine to seven floors.
As a result, the steel column on the first floor reached the ultimate bearing capacity, resulting in partial buckling failure of some and key columns.
On May 20, 2019, at 0776 bar, Dongzhou Avenue, Youjiang District, Baise, Guangxi, a steel structure roof collapse accident also occurred due to illegal construction.
According to reports, the direct reason is that the company organized construction in violation of regulations, which caused the actual force of the roof in normal use to seriously exceed the ultimate bearing capacity of the roof steel structure system.
On the night of the incident, it was windy and rainy. Wind loads and water loads induced instability and damage to the primary and secondary beams of the steel structure roof, causing the steel structure roof to collapse.
Experts pointed out
The approval process is very strict, and it is illegal to "steal area" in pursuit of profit
Why are accidents prone to the renovation of old buildings and the demolition of hotels?
A construction industry practitioner who did not want to be named told reporters that the possibility of collapse of old houses will be higher due to the disrepair of old houses.
But despite this factor, he said that unauthorized changes to the use of the house, unauthorized changes to the main building and load-bearing structure, expansion of the original door and window size on the load-bearing wall, removal of bricks and concrete walls connecting the balcony, etc., may all affect the structure and structure of the building. Safe to use.
According to the report, one of the reasons for the collapse of the Four Seasons Kaiyuan Hotel was that the load-bearing walls inside the auxiliary building were suspected of being demolished and modified, causing some houses to collapse.
The above-mentioned professionals analyze that the internal load-bearing wall is a building structure that plays the role of bearing the weight of the component and transmitting the structural pressure. If it is dismantled at will, it may change the mechanical structure of the entire building and cause safety problems.
"In addition, the building where the hotel is located is old, which caused the building to overturn and collapse."
Then, why the similar tragedy of collapsed buildings has not been put to an end?
In Li Xiang's view, this is related to the blind pursuit of interests by hotel operators.
"In order to achieve profitability, hotel owners often conceal the report when applying for construction, or steal the area in the process of privately rebuilding the hotel, so that they pay too much attention to the benefits and ignore the performance of the building itself."
Li Xiang said that business owners generally choose hotels to be located in downtown areas or areas with high traffic, but the construction planning land in these areas is tight, and there is rarely a dedicated land for hotel construction.
Therefore, old buildings are often purchased for renovation or demolishing, but the procedures for demolishing and reforming old buildings are more "troublesome" than renovating new buildings.
"After the owner purchases the building from the relevant unit or property owner, he naturally hopes to expand the operating area to the maximum." Li Xiang said that in accordance with the normal process, the owner first needs to communicate with the previous owner to understand the structure and safety of the house. Sex and other issues.
Secondly, the renovation, expansion, reconstruction of old buildings, and even the refurbishment of external walls must also be filed with relevant departments.
He told reporters that for example, if a hotel is only updated with ordinary decoration materials, then it only needs to be filed with the relevant department, but if it is related to building loads or changes in building functions (such as office buildings to commercial hotels), not only need to report to the local fire department. It also needs to pass the audit.
“my country’s building approval process is actually very strict.” Li Xiang pointed out that for example, if a hotel has floors added or the internal structure changes, it must be reported and reviewed to the local construction committee or planning department.
If there is a discrepancy between the submitted drawings and the on-site construction drawings, it must be approved by the Architecture Institute to evaluate the feasibility and whether the structure needs to be reinforced, etc., before finally passing the approval to approve the demolition and modification.
Dai Jinhua, a lawyer at Beijing Jin Su Law Firm, also pointed out: “Expanding business area is an illegal act as long as there is no administrative permission.” The reporter checked the "Construction Law of the People's Republic of China" and learned that Article 7 clearly stipulates that : Before the construction project starts, the construction unit shall, in accordance with relevant national regulations, apply to the construction administrative department of the people's government at or above the county level where the project is located to obtain a construction permit.
"Whether it is an old building or a hotel renovation, it needs to go through filing approval. my country has statutory process requirements." Dai Jinhua pointed out that as far as the Four Seasons Kaiyuan Hotel was involved, according to the "Regulations on Urban and Rural Planning of Jiangsu Province", the reconstruction and expansion have been completed. For construction projects that are completed and put into use, the construction unit or individual shall, with the project approval, approval, and filing documents and related materials of the relevant competent authority, apply to the planning authority for a new construction land planning permit.
At the same time, Article 49 of the "Construction Law" also clearly stipulates that for decoration projects involving changes in the main building and load-bearing structure, the construction unit should entrust the original design unit or a design unit with corresponding qualifications to propose a design plan before construction; no design No construction shall be allowed if it is planned.