● The second round of the second batch of central ecological and environmental protection inspectors verified a number of outstanding ecological and environmental problems such as illegal sewage discharge, illegal dumping, destruction of forest land, encroachment on wetlands, damage to the ecology, etc., and verified a number of inactions, slow actions, non-accountability and non-touch Hard, even perfunctory response, fraud and other formalism and bureaucratic issues
● In Pan'an County, Zhejiang Province, a large number of forest lands have been destroyed due to deforestation and reclamation, and ecological functions such as water conservation and soil and water conservation have been seriously affected
● In September this year, the sixth and seventh ecological and environmental protection inspection teams of the central government respectively sank to the Huodong mining area and Chahannur, Shanxi, and discovered that some coal mines in the Huodong mining area violated regulations or even unlicensed karst groundwater; due to long-term over-exploitation of groundwater , Chahan Nur has become a seasonal lake
□ Our reporter Yan Jianrong
The one-month second round of the second batch of central ecological and environmental protection inspectors ended their stationing at 8 pm on October 1.
The Central Ecological and Environmental Protection Inspection Office revealed that the one-month inspections have verified a number of outstanding ecological and environmental issues such as illegal sewage discharge, illegal dumping, destruction of forest land, wetland occupation, and ecological damage. Hard, even perfunctory response, fraud and other formalism and bureaucratic issues.
Among them, there are problems such as distortion and distortion of the balance of arable land occupation and compensation in Pan'an County, Zhejiang Province, illegal disposal of sludge at the Qingninghou sludge landfill in Xiqing District, Tianjin harms the environment, and illegal landfilling of sludge at the Jinghe Wastewater Treatment Plant in Pinggu District, Beijing.
The reporter of "Rules of Law Daily" learned that as of October 1, the second batch of inspectors had received 15,307 reports from the masses, and 5,065 cases had been closed; 1,000 cases were filed and fined 79,055,700 yuan; 57 cases were filed for investigation. Fifty people were detained; 355 leading party and government officials were interviewed, and 104 were held accountable.
Sludge disposal is chaotic
Negligence of the competent authority
On August 31, the Central First Ecological and Environmental Protection Supervision Team entered Beijing.
On September 11, the inspection team sank to Pinggu District, Beijing, and uncovered the chaos of sludge disposal at the Weihe Sewage Treatment Plant.
On July 31, 2015, under the condition that the original process of the Weihe Sewage Treatment Plant had desliming equipment, the Water Affairs Bureau of Beijing Pinggu District and Beijing Shanshuiqing Environmental Technology Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Shanshuiqing Company) signed a franchise agreement. The sludge produced by the Weihe Wastewater Treatment Plant was disposed of by Shanshuiqing Company.
The inspection team found that from August 2015 to January 2019, Shanshuiqing Company transferred more than 100,000 tons of sludge after simple treatment to multiple locations in the name of roadbed construction and land utilization, and the destination of some of the sludge is unknown. .
At the same time, Shanshuiqing Company transported about 18,000 tons of sludge to the gravel pit near the Yanghe River in Wangmatai Village, Nandulehe Town, Pinggu District, covering an area of 18.2 mu. Without any environmental protection measures, Only one layer of plastic cloth is used for simple seepage prevention.
Shanshuiqing also asked Beijing Fu Nong Tong Fu Fei Industry Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Fu Nong Company) to dispose of sludge.
After the demolition of the Fu Nong Company, the remaining undisposed sludge was illegally landfilled nearby, causing soil pollution.
At the landfill site, the inspection team used excavators to dig out a large amount of sludge.
Relevant materials show that the total amount of sludge landfilled there is about 18,200 tons.
Sampling test results showed that the total number of bacteria exceeded the sludge quality standards of urban sewage treatment plants.
According to the inspection team, the concession period stipulated in the franchise agreement is as long as 10 years, but it is called a "temporary treatment."
It was not until September 23 this year that the inspection team moved in, that the Beijing Pinggu District Water Affairs Bureau terminated the contract with Shanshuiqing Company. About 75 tons of sludge produced by the Weihe Sewage Treatment Plant per day was still sent to Shanshuiqing Company for irregularities. Disposal.
As “temporary treatment” becomes long-term treatment, it directly leads to the delay in the construction of standardized treatment facilities.
In response to the problems of the Zhuhe Sewage Treatment Plant, the inspection team pointed out that, as the competent authority of the industry, the Water Affairs Bureau of Beijing Pinggu District, after organizing the signing of the concession agreement, did not monitor the specific implementation of the agreement in place, allowing violations to exist for a long time. Negligence of duty.
According to reports from the masses, in September this year, the second central ecological and environmental protection inspection team conducted a sinking inspection of the Qingninghou sludge landfill in Xiqing District, Tianjin, during which it was discovered that the sludge disposal project of the landfill was idling, illegal and illegal. prominent.
The Qingninghou sludge landfill is located in Qingninghou Village, Dasi Town, Xiqing District, Tianjin. It was completed and put into operation in 2008.
In order to re-use the landfill site, Tianjin Municipal Housing and Urban-rural Development Committee took the lead in launching the Qingninghou sludge disposal project in 2015 to dispose of the sludge on the site.
In June 2016, Tianjin Northern Venture Municipal Engineering Group Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Northern Municipal Engineering Group) won the bid and signed a general contract for the ecological restoration service project of the Qingninghou sludge landfill with the former Tianjin Construction Commission Project Office.
In May 2018, the Northern Municipal Government signed a supplementary agreement with the original project office of the Municipal Construction Committee to postpone the contract execution period to June 2020.
The inspection team found that this project was subcontracted layer by layer.
At the end of 2016, the Northern Municipal Government started construction of a sludge carbonization process production line on the west side of the landfill (the contract is 4) without going through the relevant procedures. In April 2018, this line was due to high operating costs. The production line has been idle for a long time and reduced to a display.
After in-depth investigation, it was found that before the completion of the carbonization production line in December 2017, and without the approval of the relevant departments, the Northern Municipal Government commissioned Hengfeng Technology Co., Ltd. to use the sludge for the soil improvement of the plot, and accumulated disposal 223,000 tons.
In June and October 2019, the Northern Municipal Government signed an agreement twice with Zhang in Xiqing District of Tianjin (borrowing the name of Tianjin InBev Construction Engineering Co., Ltd.), allowing Zhang to mix 202,000 tons of sludge with pulverized coal without authorization. The ash is used for landscaping.
In order to supervise the disposal of municipal sludge in the North, in July 2018, the former Tianjin Construction Commission Project Office signed a supervision contract with North Yuantian Engineering Consulting and Supervision Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as North Yuantian Company), but North Yuantian Company did not follow the contract. It is agreed to supervise the sludge disposal process, and there is no actual tracking of the final product of the sludge, and the supervision is useless.
According to reports, of the 540,000 tons of sludge that has been disposed of and received financial payment after preliminary investigations by the Tianjin Public Security Bureau, 425,000 tons of sludge were not disposed of in accordance with the prescribed technical plans and technical specifications, and part of the sludge was used for agricultural use in violation of regulations; 100,000 tons of road slag was pretended to be dumped directly on an open space in Lubeikou Village, Xiqing District; another 25,000 tons of air-dried sludge has been illegally stored in the corner of the oasis nursery, causing the surrounding environment in this area to be harsh.
The inspection team pointed out that the Northern Municipal Corporation had weak legal awareness, subcontracted sludge disposal layers in violation of the contract, handled sludge in violation of laws and regulations with related contractors and their partners, and defrauded government financial funds.
As a supervisory unit, Beifang Yuantian Company was seriously dereliction of duty, and the process supervision was "slowly done."
The former Tianjin Municipal Construction Commission Project Office (now Tianjin Green Building Promotion and Development Center) and its competent authority, Tianjin Housing and Urban-Rural Construction Commission lacked supervision and management of the project, and even ignored it and let it go. There was a negligence problem.
Regardless of the ban
Serious damage to the ecological environment
Pan'an County in Zhejiang Province is not only the main source of Qiantang River, Ou River, Lingjiang River, and Cao'e River, but also an important ecological function area.
However, the third central ecological and environmental protection inspection team found in Zhejiang Province in September this year that Pan’an County violated the Forest Law and the “Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Strengthening the Protection of Cultivated Land and Improving the Balance of Occupation and Compensation”, deforestation and reclamation, 2015 Intensified after years.
According to reports, the number of forest-related reclamation projects established in Pan'an County in 2015, 2016 and 2017 were 4, 10 and 14, respectively, involving 15.22 hectares, 49.35 hectares and 75.25 hectares of deforestation.
In 2018, Zhejiang Province issued a comprehensive prohibition on forest-related reclamation of cultivated land. Pan'an County raided the establishment of 10 projects involving 781.01 hectares of forest land, which was 5.6 times the total of the previous three years.
"Pan'an County not only does not strictly implement the prohibition on deforestation and reclamation, but also disregards the relevant regulations of Zhejiang Province, and violates the regulations to approve forest-related reclamation and cultivated land projects." The inspection team found that since 2015, Pan'an County has approved forest-related reclamation and cultivated land. There are 38 projects, of which 36 projects are selected in areas above 500 meters above sea level, slopes exceeding 25 degrees, ecological public welfare forests and ecological protection red lines.
In 2018, the Pan'an County government approved the project in violation of the regulations for the first and second phases of the land improvement project in Tangtianfan, Jianshan Town, and violated the requirements for site selection in three aspects, including slope and ecological protection red line.
After the former Department of Land and Resources of Zhejiang Province and the Forestry Department deployed in 2018 to carry out the inspection and rectification of forest-related cultivated land, the self-inspection and clean-up work of Pan'an County was perfunctory and mere formality. The 37 projects that were self-inspected were reported that there were no violations.
The inspection team spot-checked 6 projects above 500 meters above sea level and found that there were violations of slopes exceeding 25 degrees and occupation of ecological public welfare forests, but none of the projects were cancelled.
Among them, three deforestation projects including Jincun Village, Liguangyang Village, Shanghu Township, and Shangxitan Village, Shanghu Town, have been implemented and passed acceptance. Three deforestation projects including Xinzhai Village, Tangtianfan and Tangtianfan Phase II of Jianshan Town have been destroyed. The forest land project is still being implemented.
The inspector found that a large amount of forest land was destroyed due to deforestation and reclamation in Pan'an County, and ecological functions such as water conservation and soil and water conservation were seriously affected.
Among them, the blocks under construction in Qianshanfan and Hu Zhaifan, Jianshan Town, Pan'an County, have not taken effective soil erosion control measures during the construction process, and the erosion of rainwater has caused serious surface soil erosion.
Some areas of the Liguangyang Village Land Development Project in Jianshan Town have steep slopes, poor soil quality and insufficient soil strength. Weeds grow in the upland rice fields. The harvest time is approaching, and the crops have not yet headed.
The inspection team pointed out that the relevant departments of Pan’an County have not strictly supervised the site selection, project approval, construction supervision, completion acceptance, and later management and protection of forest-related farmland projects. They have not established a strict closed-loop management system and have not established a strict closed-loop management system. Insufficient understanding of self-inspection and clean-up work, ineffective measures, and serious problems of slow or even chaotic actions. The practices of Pan’an County not only cause serious damage to the ecological environment, but also seriously harm the red line of cultivated land protection.
Groundwater is overexploited
Causing the lake to shrink significantly
Huodong mining area is located in Shanxi Jinzhong National Coal Base, in the southwestern part of Qinshui Coalfield. It belongs to the restricted development area determined by the main functional zone planning and involves important ecological environment sensitive areas such as Huoquan Spring.
In order to protect the water resources of Huoquan Springs, in January 1998, Shanxi Province promulgated the "Shanxi Spring Water Resources Protection Regulations" clearly stipulated that well drilling is prohibited in the key protected areas of the springs, and the mining of karst groundwater should be controlled outside the key protected areas. The total amount of water taken is controlled.
From September 20 to 24 this year, after the Central Sixth Ecological and Environmental Protection Inspection Team entered the National Energy Administration, it sank to the Huodong mining area in Shanxi to carry out on-site inspections and found that in 2015, the local report of the overall plan for the Huodong mining area in Shanxi did not mention Huo Quanquan Region protection, the National Energy Administration did not raise any objections when it approved.
The inspection team pointed out that there are 26 coal mines in the overlapping area between the Huodong mining area and the Huoquanquan area. Except for 3 mines that are not producing and 1 mine for karst water, all the other 22 mines are mining karst water.
Six coal mines in Guxian County, Linfen City, including Laomupo Coal Industry and Linrun Coal Industry, have illegally extracted more than 600,000 cubic meters of karst water since 2018 without obtaining a water extraction permit. The illegal mining volume of Laomupo Coal Industry alone has reached 250,000. cubic meter.
Although 16 coal mines including Huangtupo Xinneng Coal Industry in Qinyuan County, Changzhi City and Xishan Deng Fukang Coal Industry in Guxian County of Linfen City have obtained water intake permits, 11 coal mines have over-exploitation behavior, accounting for nearly 70%, and have over-exploited since 2018 The volume is nearly 1 million cubic meters.
Among them, the Qinxin Coal Mine in Changzhi City exceeded 125,000 cubic meters in 2018 alone, which is 2.7 times the permitted water withdrawal.
Since the 1980s, the quality and level of karst water in the Huoquan spring area have shown a downward trend, and the amount of water output has decreased accordingly.
Since 2015, the excessive exploitation of karst groundwater in coal mines has exacerbated this trend to some extent.
According to statistics from the water resources department, from 2015 to 2018, Huoquan’s annual total water volume has been reduced from 94.22 million cubic meters to 90.94 million cubic meters, and the annual average flow has dropped from 2.99 cubic meters per second to 2.88 cubic meters per second.
Chahannur, the largest inland saltwater lake in North China, is the last line of defense in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region against the southern invasion of the Hunshandake Sandy Land.
However, such an important ecological barrier has shrunk drastically in recent years and has even become a seasonal lake.
In September of this year, the Central Seventh Ecological and Environmental Protection Inspection Team entered the State Forestry and Grassland Administration and sank to Chahannur. The inspection team uncovered the reason for the sharp shrinkage of the water surface in Chahannur.
The inspection team pointed out that the area of arable land and irrigated land in the watershed has greatly increased, and the groundwater has been over-extracted for a long time such as agricultural irrigation. At the same time, the planting area of high water-consuming crops such as vegetables has increased year by year. The sharp drop is the main reason for the sharp shrinkage of the water surface in Chahannur.
According to the inspection team, after 2000, Chahan Nur gradually became a seasonal lake.
As the water surface and wetland area shrink further, since 2017, the bottom of the lake has been exposed, and only a small area of water surface can be formed when there is frequent rainfall in summer.
In the view of the inspection team, there are many reasons for the shrinkage of the water surface and ecological degradation in Chahannur, but as the competent authority of the industry, the State Forestry and Grassland Administration also has corresponding responsibilities.
The inspection team believes that at present, the national wetland protection regulations are scattered in the forest, grassland, water and other natural resources and related wetland ecological environment laws and regulations, and they are not systematic, operational, and restrictive. In particular, the penalties are unclear and a large number Wetlands have been damaged and destroyed and other issues cannot be corrected and punished in time.
Due to the imperfect policy system, some places have insufficient understanding of the importance of wetland ecosystems, and insufficient positive actions, and wetland damage and destruction problems occur from time to time.
This is also an important reason for the shrinkage and degradation of the Chahannur Wetland.
1/3 of the water surface of Chahannur is located in Hebei Province, and 2/3 is located in Inner Mongolia.
The inspection team stated that, in accordance with the declaration opinions of Hebei Province, in 2012, the former State Forestry Administration approved the establishment of Hebei Shangyi Chahannur National Wetland Park, which played a positive role in the protection of wetlands in Hebei. The other two thirds in Inner Mongolia are included in the scope of the National Wetland Park, resulting in insufficient overall and systematic protection of Chahannur.
The State Forestry and Grassland Administration did not fully understand the damage and shrinkage of the Chahannur wetland. It failed to establish mechanisms for rewards and punishments for wetland protection effectiveness, interviews, and early warning of wetland utilization in accordance with the requirements of the "Wetland Protection and Restoration System Program".
The National Energy Administration and the National Forestry and Grassland Administration attach great importance to the problems discovered by the inspectors.
Among them, the National Energy Administration requires relevant departments and units to learn lessons and resolutely implement the "one post with two responsibilities" for ecological and environmental protection; the Party Group of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration conducted a special study on the ecological degradation of Chahan Nur and expressed that it will actively promote the country Level wetland legislation, guide the establishment of Chahannur National Wetland Park, coordinate the joint protection of Mongolia and Hebei, and improve the overall protection effect.
Cartography/Li Xiaojun