The Arab region and the world witnessed many milestones in 2019, including the isolation of the Sudanese President, Omar al-Bashir, the death of the Tunisian President, Baji Kaid Essebsi, the isolation of the Algerian President, Abdelaziz Bouteflika, and the revolt of two popular revolutions in Iraq and Lebanon, in addition to the recognition of the administration of the American President, Donald Trump, the legitimacy of the settlements, and its recognition of Israel's sovereignty of the Syrian Golan Heights. Other notable events include the dispute over the Ethiopian Renaissance Dam, the measures to isolate Trump, the yellow jacket demonstrations in France, and others in Hong Kong for several months now, the Turkish attack on northern Syria, and the holding of new elections in Britain that brought Boris Johnson, a pro-British exit From the European Union, for prime minister, and other events.

Man may have difficulty finding some positive events between endless reports of war, terrorist attacks, aircraft crashes, climate problems, floods and hurricanes, volcanic eruptions, and other horrific events.

Since these events greatly affect the reality and the future of the Arab region, we will try in this file, which runs through several episodes, to shed light on the most important of them, in order to document and benefit from the lessons.

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• 2019 Military Harvest in Yemen

The coalition and the "joint" .. field successes and hopes for liberation from the militias

Military operations in Yemen 2019 were limited to liberation operations led by the joint and southern forces and the Yemeni army with the support of the Arab coalition in the Dhali, Saada, Hajjah and Taiz fronts, while the western coast fronts witnessed military escalation and breaches by militias from the first day of the ceasefire and international armistice agreement that began in 18 December of the year 2018.

The following is a monitoring of the most prominent military and combat operations in the year 2019 in Yemen:

West Coast front ... Houthi escalation

Hodeidah Governorate, on the west coast of Yemen in 2019, witnessed many violations and violations practiced by the Houthi coup militia against the Yemeni joint forces, residential neighborhoods, public and private interests, as well as the threat of international navigation.

The monitoring and control units in the joint Yemeni forces recorded the killing of 799 civilians, and the wounding of 2152 others, including women and children, during the year 2019, in the areas of Al-Tahita, Al-Jabaliya, Al-Hima, Al-Muteina, Hais, Al-Khokha, Al-Ghuwairq, Al-Mughars, Al-Jah, Al-Duraimi, Taif, Al-Juraibah, Current, weaving, landscape, elderly.

16 thousand breaches of the armistice have been recorded since its inception, including 3717 violations in Hayes, 3704 in Al-Duraimi, 5877 in the mountain, 1701 in al-Tahita, 1219 in al-Jah, 1109 in al-Faza, 995 in 16 km and 8, 979 in al-Salih, and 215 in Mashhar district And Showground. It launched 225 attacks on Al-Drahami, 210 attacks on Hays, 204 on Al-Tahita and Al-Jabaliya, 185 on al-Jah and 166 on 16 km.

The year 2019 recorded an influx of armed reinforcements for the militias from the governorates from which the reinforcements and weapons were sent to Al-Hodeidah: Dhamar, Ibb, Taiz, Al-Mahwit, Hajjah and Rima, which were provided by Amran, Sana'a and Saada.

International Monitoring Committee

The Hodeidah fronts witnessed the appointment of three presidents of the International Committee to monitor the implementation of the Sweden agreement: the Dutch Patrick Kmart, the Danish Michael Lollisgaard, and the retired Indian general Abahjit Juha who was able in October to deploy five ceasefire monitoring committees in Hodeidah, which included areas: Al-Khamri 8 km and Al-Saleh Kilo 16, the scenery district.

The threat of international navigation

In November 2019, the Houthi militia seized three South Korean ships, on the Red Sea coast, with 16 sailors, including two from South Korea, to be released after two days of piracy on them, as Seoul threatened to send the Cheongye ship deployed in the anti-piracy mission. .

On September 19, the coalition foiled terrorist attacks targeting international navigation in the Red Sea, and destroyed four sites that were “used to assemble and booby-trapped boats” north of Hodeidah.

Raids, missiles and marches

The year 2019 witnessed air battles between the coalition forces and the Iranian-backed militias that started on January 4 after the discovery of militias digging a tunnel network in Sana'a, and under the supervision of Iranian experts and Lebanese Hezbollah guerrillas, which extended from the Iranian embassy headquarters to the south of the capital in the neighborhood of Khamseen and Beit Boss, prompting the coalition to launch January 12 strikes targeting an integrated drone capabilities network and logistical facilities.

On January 19, the coalition announced the start of a qualitative military operation in Sanaa that destroyed the military communications network of Houthi militias and a cave of foreign experts controlling drones in the capital, Sanaa.

On July 20, the coalition managed to destroy a warehouse of missiles and weapons, as well as the headquarters of foreign experts in the field of mine clearance. Five of them were killed, two from South Africa, one Croatian, one Bosnian, and a Kosovan.

The coalition raids came after the militias launched ballistic missile attacks and Iranian-made drones on civilian targets in Saudi Arabia, amounting to 286 attacks.

Dhali .. From «cut the soul to the steadfastness of the mountains»

The Al-Dhali fronts witnessed the launch of two military operations by the joint and southern forces, with great support from the Arab coalition to complete the liberation of the northern and western provinces of the province from the Houthi militias.

The process of “cutting the soul” was launched on May 10, and the “steadfastness of the mountains” process took place on the 26th of the same month, and was able to liberate several sites, including the “Beit Al-Anal” area, Al-Areif, Qurain Al-Fahd, the villages of Al-Oud, Camp Al-Jab, Qadatuba, Jabal Al-Samakh, Shaleel and Hamar The gentlemen, Hamar Al-Hadila, Al-Fakher, Al-Riby, Al-Abari, Wadi Shaddad, Masaha, Hajar Al-Jeb, Al-Jeb Camp, and the strategic Jabal Shammar.

She entered the Baher and Turasa area in the Al-Azraq district, on the borders of the Maoist district in Taiz, and in June the "Al-Khazan" site and a number of cemeteries overlooking the village of Al-Qafla were liberated.

For its part, the militias committed 10123 violations during 2019, ranging from killing, injury, rocket fire, kidnapping and enforced disappearance, which included children, in addition to planting mines in agricultural lands, secondary roads, displacement operations and forced displacement.

Saada Front: Liberation and betrayal of Yemeni forces

The army forces in Sa`da axis supported by the coalition forces began the year 2019 with the liberation of the southern neighborhoods of the Baqam district center on January 8, and on January 11, 3,000 mines were removed in Saada.

It was also able to edit the sites of the chain “Makkalat” and the rank of “Rakan” and the strategic “Nawaf” mountain towards the “Al-Asher” valley in the Al-Safra Directorate, and to liberate the Al-Bujabara Valley in the shoulders, as well as liberate the top Omani mountain in the Shamiya Front in the district of Baqim.

On April 29, the strategic “Al-Maqran Mountains, Fish, Flag, Fortress, and Musnam Al-Qud” mountains were liberated in Razih District, and on May 14, a military operation began to liberate the Al-Safra Directorate.

On August 4, the “Hanger” sites and the “black” tapes in Baqim were liberated, as was the “Al-Mazhar Village” on September 4, and on September 29, “Jabal Shehat” in Baqam was liberated, and on November 26 the “Hamar Heights” was liberated in the district The same, while it was able to liberate the Al-Thabit area in the Qattabir District on December 2.

Hajjah front ... the first tribal uprising

The fronts of the Hajjah governorate northwest of Yemen in 2019 witnessed military operations on the fronts of Haradh, Hiran, and Abs, in addition to recording the first armed tribal uprising against the militias by the Hajur tribes.

In January, the international line linking the city of Haradh to Hajjah and Al-Malaheeth in Saada and the Al-Kamah Al-Merawi mountain range was edited. In March, the Bani Hassan area in the Abs governorate was entered, and in July the strategic “Missiona Mountains” series overlooking the Al-Mazraq market east of the Haradh district was edited.

The uprooted Hajar Intifada

The areas of the Hajjur tribes in the Kosher District, on the pretext of the first armed tribal uprising against the Houthi militias, began in February and lasted for nearly two months. The directorate succeeded and permitted on March 8 to enter the areas of Hajour, and human rights sources said that the militias killed 52 civilians, wounded about 180 others, and forced 48,000 people to flee.

Taiz .. "The vein cutting process"

The Taiz fronts did not witness a lot of liberation operations during the year 2019, and the operations were limited to launching a battle to cut the vein on May 26, during which the forces managed to control Al-Jahim station and the surrounding buildings and cut the most important defensive lines of the militias north of the city of Taiz.

In April, Taiz witnessed clashes between Islah and the army forces that left 25 people dead on both sides, before the Yemeni presidency asked the brigades of the 35th Armored Brigade to withdraw from the city on April 26 to the Al-Kadhah area southwest of Taiz.

Between May 17 and July 28, the joint and southern forces managed to liberate "Jabal al-Shuq and Jabal Dib," in the Maoist district east of Taiz.

Al-Bayda .. betrayal of "reform" and a joint intervention

In 2019, the Al-Bayda front in central Yemen witnessed the implementation of the first military operations of the joint forces and local resistance on April 29 against the militias in the Al-Zahir district.

The joint with the resistance was able to liberate the area of ​​the Houran network in the Qaniya al-Wehbeh axis on June 22, and it extended its control over an area of ​​approximately 350 meters.

Marib front .. Liberation or hunter

The Marib fronts during 2019 witnessed a significant decline in the intensity of the battles against the militias, and only limited to the liberation of the Umm Sayyad site on the narcotic front on May 26, while the Hailan fronts witnessed treachery of reform elements incorporated into the Yemeni army after their withdrawal in December from their positions.

• 3 Presidents of Hodeidah fronts, appointed by the International Committee to monitor the implementation of the Sweden agreement, are: Patrick Kmart, the Dutchman, Michael Lollisgaard, and the retired Indian general, Abahjit Juha.

• In November 2019, militias detained three South Korean ships, north of Hodeidah.