Xinjiang has already realized large-scale shrimp and crab farming, and the market price is gradually close to the people. Photo by Shi Yujiang
Urumqi, December 12 (Shi Yujiang) In the impression of the outside world, Xinjiang, which has the vast Gobi Desert, is rich in grapes, cantaloupe and other fruits, but it never thought that Xinjiang is not only rich in fisheries, but even seafood can be mass-produced, and it also sells well in many coastal provinces and cities in China. As China's farthest inland province from the sea, people can't help but ask, what kind of conditions does Xinjiang have?
In fact, Xinjiang has its own unique advantages in fishery development, Xinjiang sits on the Altai Mountains, Tianshan Mountains and Kunlun Mountains, and the snow and glaciers on the mountains have given birth to more than 500 rivers and lakes such as Sailim Lake, Ulungu Lake and Bosten Lake. Under such geographical conditions, although the desert area of Xinjiang is 43,5500 square kilometers, the water area is still <>,<> square kilometers, laying a solid foundation for the development of aquaculture.
Although Xinjiang has a desert area of 43,5500 square kilometers, it still has a water area of <>,<> square kilometers, laying a solid foundation for the development of aquaculture. Photo by Shi Yujiang
Greenhouse aquaculture realizes the staggered listing of aquatic products
When it comes to the dining table of Xinjiang people, most people first think of the local beef and mutton. In fact, Xinjiang has already realized large-scale shrimp and crab farming, and the market price has gradually become close to the people.
In early winter, in the Xinjiang South Xinjiang Special Aquaculture Park located in Caohu Town, 41st Regiment, Tumshuk City, Third Division of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps (hereinafter referred to as the Corps), in the galvanized aquaculture pond with a diameter of more than seven meters wide, giant river prawn, Australian freshwater lobster, black shell shrimp, California sea bass, and vannamei shrimp are "playing in the water".
It is located in the 5th Lian of Caohu Town, 41st Regiment, Xinjiang South Xinjiang Special Aquaculture Park. Photo by Li Qianhong
"The first batch of 3 greenhouses in the breeding park, each shed has 12 galvanized breeding ponds, each shed can produce more than 1 ton of shrimp in one quarter, and can achieve economic benefits of 15,<> yuan." Luo Xi, the person in charge of the farm, said.
Through cooperation with Tarim University, the farm can self-breed and self-breed special aquatic products after local domestication, and realize year-round breeding. Luo Xi said that in addition to supplying the local market, it can also be further processed into air-dried shrimp, salt-baked shrimp and other products to be sold to other provinces and cities.
183 regiment Ehe jade shrimp breeding base (data map). Photo by Shi Yujiang
At the tilapia breeding base of the 4th Company of the <>th Regiment in Shihezi City, the <>th Division of the XPCC, the second batch of fish fry released this year is expected to be put on sale in the New Year. The aquaculture project has <> greenhouses, which are used to regulate the temperature through insulating plastic film and heating pipes to increase the culture density.
"As an emerging breeding model, greenhouse fish farming has a small investment and high profits." Gao Song, head of Shihezi Jingran Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd., said that from one season a year to two seasons, one season can produce nearly 100 tons, to achieve staggered listing, and the market sales are good.
Natural lake "shrimp soldier crab will" achieve "counterattack"
Xinjiang holds a fishing festival, and even a lobster festival, which sounds quite unusual, but it is becoming a reality.
Winter Fishing Festival in Fuhai County (data map). Photo by Shi Yujiang
After the opening of the fishing festival held in Fuhai County, Altay Prefecture not long ago, more than ten kinds of "shrimp soldiers and crabs" such as glacier snow crab, oriental bream, Ehe silver crucian carp, five black and white pike, etc., have been listed one after another. Liu Yong, director of the Fuhai County Supply and Marketing Cooperative Association, said that the aquatic products of Wulungu Lake will be delivered to the whole country within 48 hours at the earliest, realizing "from the water to the table".
The 21st regiment held a lobster festival in the crayfish breeding base (data map). Photo by Bai Kebin
The lobster festival held by the 2022st Regiment of Tiemenguan City of the Second Division of the Corps at the crayfish breeding base in <> not only led a consumer fashion, but also drove a consumer market.
In the early years, due to the geographical location and cold chain transportation conditions, the cost of Xinjiang's high-quality aquatic products entering all parts of the country was relatively high. In recent years, benefiting from the rapid development of logistics, Xinjiang's aquatic products have been sought after by consumers in other provinces and cities. From Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shanghai to the north, Shanghai and Guangzhou, there are "figures" of shrimp and crabs in Xinjiang.
Since the end of August this year, Xinjiang shrimp and crabs have "counterattacked" many coastal provinces and cities. Yang Qinghai, who has been engaged in crab farming in Beitun for more than 8 years, claims to have seen this kind of grand occasion for the first time. "Xinjiang has a cool climate, is a natural paradise for crab farming, there is no hot weather and rest, most of them are low-density farming, and the crabs raised are firm and sweet." Yang Qinghai introduced.
In September this year, Beitun City cooperated with Meituan to establish nearly 9 direct mining bases. Photo by Wu Qiang
In September this year, Beitun City cooperated with Meituan to establish nearly 9 direct mining bases, and around the Mid-Autumn Festival this year, boxes of Xinjiang snow crabs were transported to exclusive snow crab special planes through cold chain vehicles, and consumers in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Wuhan, Suzhou and other places could be delivered 48 hours after placing orders.
In recent years, shrimp farmed in Altay Prefecture, Changji Prefecture and Aksu Prefecture have landed in markets outside Xinjiang. The person in charge of the seafood trading area of Urumqi Beiyuanchun Market said that Xinjiang real estate seafood has occupied the mainstream of the local market.
Australian freshwater lobster. Photo by Shi Yujiang
Saline-alkali land into a seafood farm
Through the visit, a reporter from Chinanews learned that the reason why Xinjiang can produce seafood is inseparable from the "seafood land-based" model, that is, to create an ecological environment similar to the ocean on land. In recent years, it has been commonly used to turn saline water into "artificial seawater".
About one-third of Xinjiang's cultivated land has varying degrees of salinization, and in addition to improving through the development of salt-tolerant plants and other technical means, aquaculture restoration can be carried out in almost "grass-free" waters. The study found that the water quality of Xinjiang's saline-alkali land is close to that of seawater. As long as the proportion of minerals in seawater is used as a reference, trace elements and probiotics are added, and an environment for cultivating seafood can be formed.
Nowadays, aquaculture in Xinjiang is "blooming everywhere", forming a pattern of lakes and reservoirs with large water areas as the mainstay, supplemented by pit ponds and paddy fields. Photo by Shi Yujiang
The reporter noted that from 2022, the XPCC will set up a special fund of more than <> million yuan every year to support the development of saline-alkali water fisheries in southern Xinjiang. At present, the "Plan for Saline-alkali Water Fishery Aquaculture in the Southern Xinjiang Division of the XPCC" compiled by the Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the XPCC will vigorously promote the development of saline-alkali water fishery in southern Xinjiang.
Based on the efficient development and rational utilization of saline-alkali water in southern Xinjiang under the ecological mode of lakes and ponds, a new model of ecological and healthy aquaculture of saline-alkali water was constructed. The Swan Lake Aquaculture Base, located in the 14th Regiment of Alar City, the First Division of the Corps, is the core demonstration site of the National Key Research and Development Program "Demonstration of Oasis Fishery Model in Inland Saline-alkali Waters". Through the production of seafood, sea bass, grouper and other fish in saline-alkali waters, the local aquaculture environment is improved and restored, and then the comprehensive production capacity of fishery and agriculture in saline-alkali water is improved.
The pits and ponds dotted around have become a "blessed land" for local people to develop aquaculture. Photo by Shi Yujiang
Located on the edge of the Taklamakan Desert and at the source of the Tarim River, the 9000th Regiment is dotted with pits and ponds that have become a "blessed land" for the local people to develop aquaculture. After years of development, the annual output value of aquaculture species is expected to exceed more than <>,<> yuan this year, and it has developed into a veritable "desert water town".
Aquaculture "blooms everywhere"
Data show that in the 20s of the 50th century, Xinjiang's fishery was mainly based on fishing, and the aquaculture industry was blank. In the 20s of the 60th century, the local aquaculture industry only took off.
Farmers catch crabs in Beitun. Photo by Wu Qiang
By the beginning of the 21st century, the "shrimp and crab general" and a variety of cold-water fish farming were promoted to Bosten Lake, Ulungu Lake, and lakes and reservoirs in Alar and Beitun cities. Nowadays, aquaculture in Xinjiang is "blooming everywhere", forming a pattern of lakes and reservoirs with large water areas as the mainstay, supplemented by pit ponds and paddy fields.
The tropical shrimp native to the ocean, the vannamei shrimp, should be desalined when introduced into Xinjiang. In 2001, the Fisheries Research Institute of the Teaching Experimental Farm of Shihezi University introduced Penaeus vannamei shrimp from Hainan for trial cultivation. Two years later, 17,2008 shrimp fry were successfully raised. After the promotion of the institute, Shihezi City, Urumqi City, Changji City and Wujiaqu City took the lead in cultivating Penaeus vannamei shrimp. Xiasangong Village, Liugong Town, Changji City, is a traditional fish farming village, which was introduced in <> and has now become a well-known local shrimp farming village.
The production of seafood in Xinjiang is inseparable from the "seafood land-based" model. Photo by Shi Yujiang
Earlier, crab farming technology was introduced to crab seedling sellers and seafood operators in coastal provinces and cities such as Shandong, Liaoning and Jiangsu. Huang Zhaohua, head of Alar Changxin Fishery Co., Ltd., used to run a seafood business and went to Xinjiang in 2002 to raise crabs. "When I arrived in Xinjiang, I found that the water quality here is very good, and the cost of farming is low." Huang Zhaohua told a reporter from Chinanews.com.
The "rice-crab symbiosis" model was promoted in the 16th regiment. Photo by Shi Yujiang
Huang Zhaohua started out only breeding crabs in reservoirs, but in 2021, he learned from Shandong's new farming method and successfully experimented in the rice fields contracted by the <>th Regiment, and since then the scale has been expanding year by year.
At the salmon base in Karasu Township, Nilek County, Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture, up to 50 tons of salmon can be processed per day, and the goal of mass production of 6000,<> tons is expected to be achieved this year.
In the process of aquaculture development, Xinjiang has not only restored the ecological environment of the waters, maintained the biodiversity of the waters, but also turned aquaculture into an industry that enriches the people.
Statistics from the Xinjiang Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs show that in 2022, the total output value of Xinjiang's fishery reached 42.2019 billion yuan, an increase of 9 million yuan from 21. (ENDS)