The budget report "strikes the key points" and the 2023 national account reads like this

　　The family has a small account, and our country has a big account.

The country's account book is the budget report in the hands of delegates during the two sessions.

What are the highlights of this year's budget report?

Let’s first take a look at a keyword—“deficit ratio”.

Fiscal policy will increase efficiency and deficit ratio will be arranged at 3%

　　In 2023, my country's proactive fiscal policy must be strengthened to improve efficiency. Among them, the increase is mainly to strengthen the overall planning of fiscal funds, optimize the combination of fiscal deficits, special debts, interest discounts and other tools, expand the scale of fiscal expenditures, and maintain the necessary expenditure intensity.

　　This is the level of my country's deficit rate from 2018 to 2022, of which the highest will be 3.7% in 2020, and it will be lower than 3% in 3 years.

According to the budget report, in 2023, the national general public budget expenditure will be 27.513 trillion yuan, an increase of 5.6%.

At the same time, the fiscal deficit ratio will be appropriately raised to 3%, an increase of 0.2 percentage points over the previous year.

The national fiscal deficit was 3,880 billion yuan, an increase of 510 billion yuan over the previous year.

　　Zhu Qing, chief professor of the Institute of Finance and Taxation, Renmin University of China: The purpose of appropriately raising the deficit ratio is to increase its source of funds for the general budget, which is conducive to expanding the expenditure of the general budget.

　　Luo Zhiheng, Chief Economist of Yuekai Securities: The increase in the overall deficit rate this year is in line with our current social and economic development situation.

It reflects that our fiscal policy is increasing its efficiency.

At the same time, the scale of our 0.2 percentage point is controllable, which means that we have not engaged in flood irrigation or strong stimulus, which has laid a certain foundation for our future fiscal space and fiscal sustainability.

This year, a special debt limit of 3.8 trillion yuan will be added

　　According to the budget report, a special debt limit of 3.8 trillion yuan will be added this year, an increase of 150 billion yuan over the previous year.

Appropriately expand the areas of investment and the scope of capital used for projects to support normal local financing needs.

　　Luo Zhiheng, Chief Economist of Yuekai Securities: Invest in these major infrastructure projects through special bonds to stimulate our infrastructure, stimulate our investment, expand aggregate demand, and stabilize this kind of economy.

The scope of special debt investment and use as capital is expanded, which is actually conducive to better play the role of special debt in guiding social investment.

Fiscal policy "increased" to increase transfer payments from the central government to local governments

　　In addition, this year, the "strength" of the proactive fiscal policy is also reflected in the increase in transfer payments from the central government to local governments.

　　According to the budget report, this year, the central government will arrange 10.0625 billion yuan in transfer payments to local governments, an increase of 3.6%.

A one-time arrangement of 500 billion yuan will be made to support the grassroots in implementing tax cuts and fee reductions and special transfer payments for key people's livelihoods.

　　Zhu Qing, chief professor of the Institute of Finance and Taxation, Renmin University of China: About 86% of our country’s fiscal expenditures are completed by local governments. Most of the funds collected by the central government are mainly transferred to local governments through transfer payments. Make sure that spending in this area does not drop.

The proportion of the national general public budget and people's livelihood expenditure continues to increase

　　In the national general public budget expenditure, investment in people's livelihood accounts for a large proportion, and investment in education, medical care, social security and other areas of people's livelihood continues to increase.

　　In 2023, what will be recorded in the national ledger?

　　A school lunch at Dashi Town Primary School in Guangyuan, Sichuan, has vegetables and meat, and different fruits after each meal.

For such a meal, the standard is 10 yuan, and the students only need to pay 5 yuan, and the remaining 5 yuan will be paid by the state finance.

Last year, the central government allocated 26.2 billion yuan in subsidizing nutritional meals for students. The nutrition improvement plan has covered 1,575 counties in 28 provinces across the country, benefiting more than 37 million students every year.

The passing rate of rural students' physical fitness and health will increase from 70.3% in 2012 to 86.7% in 2021, which will be reduced to 5 percentage points compared with the national student physical health passing rate.

This year, the central government will continue to support the implementation of the nutrition improvement plan to continuously improve the nutrition and health status of rural students.

　　Su Wei from Tianjin Binhai New Area has obtained the certificate of maintenance electrician intermediate technician skill level.

With this certificate, he can be qualified for the post of maintenance electrician of CNOOC Tianjin Branch.

For such training, he can also apply for a government training subsidy of 1,500 yuan to improve labor skills at zero cost.

This year, the central government will support large-scale vocational skills training and go all out to ensure the stability of the overall employment situation.

　　In 2023, the people's livelihood investment in the national account book will appear in many fields such as education, medical care, social security and employment.

The growth and development of each of us is the earnest concern of the country.

　　At present, the gross enrollment rate of higher education in my country has reached 59.6%, the average life expectancy has increased to 78.2 years, the per capita disposable income of the national residents has increased to 36,900 yuan, and more than 42 million shantytown houses have been renovated over the years.

Children can be educated, learners can be taught, workers can be paid, the sick can be treated, the old can be supported, the living can be housed, and the weak can be supported. People's livelihood finance continues to help weave the world's largest people's livelihood security network.

　　(CCTV reporter Liu Ying, Wang Nanyudi, Zhang Botian Qiyong)