Why Spain fails with youth unemployment and how to fix it
Four out of ten young people who went unemployed in 2022 in the EU are Spanish
Spain
is the country with the highest
youth unemployment
in all of Europe (
29.3%
, at the end of 2022) and, as such, contains
ten of the twenty metropolitan areas with the highest unemployment
among those under 25 years of age in the entire European Union (EU). ), according to data published this Monday by Eurostat.
The community agency has not yet broken down the level of unemployment by metropolitan area with updated data for 2022, but it has published the employment differences for young people that existed in
2021
.
In this photograph, Spain comes off very badly, followed by
Italy
-with
seven areas
among the twenty European ones with the most unemployment-,
France
-with one-,
Romania
-with another- and
Slovakia
-with the last one-.
Las Palmas (Canary Islands)
was the metropolitan area with the highest youth unemployment in the entire EU in 2021 (
58.5%
, according to Eurostat), as the archipelago was one of the areas of the country that was most impacted by the
pandemic
-given the presence of tourism in GDP and regional employment- and the
incomplete recovery
that it registered the following year due to the successive waves of covid-19 and the restrictions on international travel.
The next four positions were occupied by areas of southern Italy -
Palermo and Messina
(in Sicily, with youth unemployment rates of 55.8% and 55%, respectively),
Taranto
(in the southeast, with 53.7% of the young unemployed) and
Naples
(52.1%) - and in fifth position a Spanish appears again:
Santa Cruz de Tenerife
(51.5%).
The Andalusians
Seville
(51%),
Cádiz
(48.9%),
Córdoba
(47.2%),
Málaga-Marbella
(42.7%) and
Granada
(40.4%) fatten the list of black spots of unemployment youth in Spain, but not only the Canary Islands and Andalusia break records, but
Alicante
-
Elche
(43.3%),
La Coruña
(40.9%), and
Bilbao
(38.5%)
are also among the ten with the highest youth unemployment
).
The ranking is completed by Cagliari (south of Sardinia), Catania (also in Sicily), Rome (the Italian capital), Les Abymes (in Guadeloupe, the Antilles, belonging to France), Craiova (south of Romania) and Kosice (east of Slovakia). ).
On the contrary, the metropolitan areas with the least unemployment on the continent were in 2021
the Polish city of Szczenin
(2.5%), the Slovak capital
Brastilava
(2.6%),
Poznan
-in Poland- (2.8%) and the
German
Offenburg (2.9%), Karlsruhe (3.1%), Zwickau (3.2%), Wuppertal (3.7%), Ulm (3.9%) and Osnabrück (4.4%).
In the worst moments for employment after the financial crisis, in the year
2013
, thirteen of the twenty European metropolitan areas with the highest unemployment were Spanish and those that were in front were
Cádiz
(with a rate of
69.7
%, that is to say that seven out of ten people under 25 did not have a job), Málaga-Marbella (68.2%), Seville (66.4%), Santa Cruz de Tenerife (65.8%), Córdoba (64.4%), Las Palmas (64.2%), Granada (60.9%), Alicante (57.5%), Valencia (55.8%), Oviedo-Gijón (55%), Murcia-Cartagena (53.5%) , Santander (52.5%) and Bilbao (52.1%).
Canarias continues to lead youth unemployment in 2022
The economic growth of 2022 and the creation of jobs have allowed a drop in youth unemployment but the distribution of the incidence is maintained.
In 2022,
Melilla
was at the head of youth unemployment (52.08% in the average of the four quarters, according to the EPA), followed by the
Canary Islands
(with 44.5%),
Ceuta
(43.5%),
Extremadura
(39.6%), the Principality of
Asturias
(36.4%) and
Andalusia
(35.3%).
The Foral Community of
Navarra
was the region with the lowest youth unemployment in the year (17.3%), followed by
Aragon
(19.3%),
Catalonia
(25.3%) and
the Balearic Islands
(32.2%).
After the recovery in employment that has occurred in the last two years, by
2023 a
slowdown in the creation of new jobs
is expected ,
in line with the slowdown in economic growth, which will also affect youth employment.
The creation of jobs in this segment of the population will also be conditioned by the
increase in the Minimum Interprofessional Wage
(SMI) to 1,080 euros in fourteen payments, which the Government will approve this Tuesday.
According to
BBVA Research
, the only study service that makes regionalized forecasts,
in 2023 employment will grow by 1.1%
on average in Spain with significant territorial differences.
The Canary Islands will be
the region with the highest employment growth
for the second consecutive year
(
4%,
after 10.7% in 2022 and 1.3% in 2021);
followed by the Balearic Islands (2.9%) and Asturias (1.8%), according to their latest report on regional perspectives.
The only community with destruction of jobs will be
Galicia
(-0.7%) and the regions with the least progress in employment will be the Valencian Community (0.1%), Castilla y León (0.4%) and Andalusia (0 ,5%).
The
Bank of Spain
warned in its latest macroeconomic projections report, updated in December, that "there is considerable uncertainty about the possible future evolution of the labor market in our country", because "it could happen that employment continues to surprise upwards" , or that "this labor market variable, which usually responds with a certain lag to the evolution of aggregate economic activity, will begin to show signs of weakness that are more intense than those expected in the central scenario".
According to his estimates,
employment in hours worked will grow by 0.5%
only in 2023.
According to the criteria of The Trust Project
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