As an old industrial base, on the vast land of Jilin, many stories of the "first" entrepreneurship of New China have been sung for decades.
In the early morning of May 12, 1958, the first "Dongfeng" car was assembled in Changchun, unveiling the new Chinese industry; in October 1967, China's first subway prototype independently developed by Changchun Coach Factory was delivered for trial operation. , A subway train built by the Chinese themselves, Mercedes-Benz is on the Beijing Metro Line 1...
With the development of the times, under the wave of market economy development and reform and opening up, the economic development of the Republic’s "industrial eldest son" gradually lags behind the eastern coastal areas.
To this end, the country has proposed a strategy for revitalizing the old industrial bases in Northeast China, and Jilin has also embarked on deepening reforms, climbing the hurdles, and struggling to transform.
From food security to manufacturing in a big country, from innovation and entrepreneurship to ecological civilization, in the new era of Jilin, stories of self-reliance, fearless blockade, and rock climbing are constantly emerging on the land of Jilin, reflecting the entrepreneurial spirit and original intention of new China.
Not afraid of difficulties, appoint people on their merits, revitalize and condense entrepreneurial spirit
In the early days of the founding of New China, Jilin Dadi started an entrepreneurship that laid the foundation for China's industry.
In the early 1950s, when all the industries in the Republic were waiting to be developed, the central government decided to implement the first "Five-Year Plan" to build Jilin Fertilizer Plant, Dye Plant, and Calcium Carbide Plant in Jilin City, where the Chinese chemical industry was established.
In Changchun City, the No. 1 Automobile Manufacturing Plant laid the foundation and opened the first step in the development of the automobile industry in New China.
The most important thing for the rapid construction of FAW is talents.
A large number of high-level technical workers from Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin and other places rushed to Changchun. The Central Organization Department transferred more than 150 cadres at the bureau level to FAW. A group of graduates from Tsinghua University and other colleges and universities and returned overseas students also came to support.
In December, Changchun was covered with snow and ice, and the temperature dropped below minus 30 degrees Celsius at every turn.
The builders live in a ventilated construction shed with four walls. When they are working, they have snow on their heads and their feet on the frozen ground.
Some people's hands were frozen and cracked, and they were wrapped with tape to continue to dry.
Party and government cadres and senior talents from all fronts have also rushed to the forefront of the construction of FAW, and learned to operate machine tools and do fitter work.
Guo Li, then director of the automobile industry preparatory group of the Central Ministry of Heavy Industry, was appointed as the director of the Changchun Automobile Plant (later officially named the First Automobile Manufacturing Plant).
After becoming the director of the factory, Guo Li began to wonder how to "let out" the director. "It would be more beneficial to have a comrade who is familiar with the situation in the Northeast, who is older, more capable, and has a higher position to become the director of the factory. Mobilize all local forces to support FAW's construction".
Put down your figure and go to the front line, not afraid of difficulties, persist in striving, and be able to appoint people on their own merits-this is the entrepreneurial spirit of Jilin's construction of New China's industry.
In 2017, the development of the old industrial base in Northeast China slowed down.
As a local pillar enterprise, the annual sales of FAW Group's national brand "Hongqi" vehicles are less than 5,000 vehicles, which are mainly supplied to enterprises and institutions.
If Jilin wants to rejuvenate, FAW must reform.
Focusing on the goal, the group has carried out the "four abilities" reform, that is, "cadres can be up and down, employees can enter and leave, salaries can be high and low, and organizations can increase and decrease."
In 2017, China FAW Group competed for recruitment and senior managers competed for posts. The average age dropped by 3 years and the proportion of young cadres increased by 13.3%.
At the same time, the organization is reorganized to form a more professional, refined and flat structure. The group headquarters is directly responsible for the operation of the Red Flag brand.
The reform has stimulated a sense of competition, and FAW employees have become more motivated.
Chen Yun, Deputy Director of the System Digitization Department of FAW Group, broke through the job route and length of time, and grew from a senior director to a senior manager.
"Competition for employment has become a consensus, and everyone's sense of crisis has also increased, and work efficiency has greatly improved. Many suppliers lament that they can't keep up with our pace of innovation." Chen Yun said.
The core system of the product is independent and controllable, which is the quality confidence of the national brand.
To test the system, on a winter day in Heilongjiang where the water was dripping into ice, Zhang Dongbo and his colleagues put the test car on the frozen river surface for five hours, and came to the riverside at three or four o'clock in the coldest morning to do a low-temperature cold start. test.
The laptop was tightly wrapped in a coat to prevent freezing, and the team members persisted under these conditions.
Cadres can go up and down, employees can enter and leave; the posts are meritocracy, and the officers do their best.
The entrepreneurial spirit of the eldest son of China's automobile industry still strongly promotes China's FAW to deepen reforms and contribute to the revitalization of the old industrial base.
Dare to venture and try, strive to innovate, revitalize and make good use of entrepreneurial "heirlooms"
In the history of entrepreneurship in New China, the entrepreneurial story of the old Northeast industrial base is a highlight.
During the years of poverty and poverty, entrepreneurs worked hard and created a number of "eldest industrial" enterprises in the Northeast, trained a number of key manufacturing talents, and left a number of scientific research institutions and scientific and technological talents.
When Wang Daheng came to Changchun in January 1952, my country was almost blank in the manufacture of optical instruments.
Buying 1 ton of optical instruments from abroad, the price is equivalent to 1 ton of gold, people may not be willing to sell it.
Founded the Instrument Museum of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (the predecessor of the Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences) to establish the optical business of the new China as soon as possible. Wang Daheng and his colleagues set up stoves and tried crafts day and night.
In 1958, the "Eleventh" gift project of Changchun Institute of Optics and Mechanics included "eight pieces" and "one soup".
"Eight pieces" are eight kinds of optical instruments developed: medium-sized electron microscope, high-temperature metallographic microscope, universal tool microscope, extra-wide multiple projector, large-scale quartz spectrograph, neutron diffractometer, high-precision theodolite and infrared telescope , "One soup" is optical glass.
When the international community imposed a total blockade on my country at that time, many of the instruments developed by the optical machinery were the "firsts" of the new China.
More than 50 years later, relying on the research and development technology of the Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Jilin Provincial Government and other shareholders jointly invested, and Changguang Satellite Technology Co., Ltd. was put into operation.
In 2015, the "Jilin-1" satellite independently developed by Changguang Satellite created a precedent for commercial satellite applications in my country.
On October 27 this year, my country used the Kuaizhou-1A carrier rocket at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center to successfully launch the "Jilin-1" high-resolution 02F satellite into the air.
At present, “Jilin-1” has 31 satellites in orbit, which can revisit any place in the world 10 to 12 times a day. It has the ability to update one global map once a year and one national map three times a year. Ability, the fastest response to emergency tasks can be achieved within 11 minutes, and the indicators are leading in the country.
Xuan Ming, chairman of Changguang Satellite Company, was originally the director of Changchun Institute of Optics and Mechanics.
It was precisely because of the "blue ocean" of my country's commercial satellite industry that he first established a major innovation project in the institute, and then promoted the establishment of the Changguang Satellite Company.
Xuan Ming said that at first, many people opposed it. After intense discussions inside Changchun Institute of Optics and Mechanics, they decided to break the inherent concept, carry out self-revolution in the market, and realize "re-enterprise" through innovation.
Today, Changchun City is building a full industrial chain integrating satellite research and development, production, testing, operation control and remote sensing information development. Changguang Satellite has also become the only unicorn enterprise in Northeast China and the first unicorn enterprise in Jilin Province.
In addition to the optical foundation, Jilin Province is also a key national biotechnology industrialization base and one of the four national biotechnology clusters. It is one of the birthplaces of biomedicine in my country and the country's first interferon pilot production base for genetic engineering products. , The first pilot production base of genetic engineering vaccines, and the first province with independent intellectual property rights for biological products.
In October 2020, the launch of the nasal spray flu vaccine has become a hot topic in many cities in China.
This freeze-dried nasal spray flu vaccine is a project jointly developed by Changchun Biotech and the World Health Organization.
The nasal spray flu vaccine has changed the original vaccination mode, is convenient to use, avoids injections, is easy to be immunized on a large scale, and has a broad prospect.
Scientific research strength is Jilin's "confidence".
In the 2020 global scientific research city rankings published by the British "Nature" magazine, the provincial capital Changchun ranks 38th in the world, 12th in mainland China, and 1st in Northeast China.
"Optical City", "Pharmaceutical City", "Satellite City"... the old industrial base is becoming more and more sophisticated in the transformation of the industry.
Green water and green mountains, green development, revitalization and clarification of the true "background" of entrepreneurship
Green ecology is Jilin's "family foundation": the Changbai mountainous area in the east is forested by the sea, the central plain is thousands of miles away, and the west is rich in water and grass... Baishan pine water forms a natural ecological barrier and a natural paradise, spreading on the northeast land.
The vast forests and fertile black soil have made significant contributions to the entrepreneurship of New China.
For more than 70 years, Jilin has contributed a large amount of logs to the whole country, and produced 150 million cubic meters of commercial materials for the supply of coal mines, papermaking, shipbuilding and railway construction nationwide.
In the 1950s and 1960s, the black land ushered in groups of reclaimers.
More than 65% of the arable land in Jilin Province is black soil, and more than 80% of the grain is produced in black soil. “You can germinate with a pair of chopsticks” and supply corn, rice, and soybeans to the country.
In the 1990s, farmers in Jilin Pear Tree, a large grain-producing county, discovered that the black soil exposed the loess layer, the total amount of microorganisms decreased, and the fertility decreased.
Supporting the nation's construction of the Northeast for decades, began to conserve its own forests and land.
Re-feeding is the reward for past entrepreneurship, and self-cultivation is to lay the foundation for "re-enterprise".
In 2015, the key state-owned forest areas in Northeast China completely stopped commercial logging, and the sound of chainsaws that had been roaring in the Changbai forests for decades disappeared.
After playing the "green card" and reading the "ecological classics", and after the stop of logging, forestry workers changed from cutting trees to "seeing trees", and carried out systemic forest protection, under-forest industry management, eco-tourism and other multi-pronged activities in the forest. "Green Entrepreneurship".
Facing the new round of revitalization, cadres at all levels in Jilin Province have also updated their development concepts, cherished resources more, and rejected "predatory development."
A few years ago, a high-quality mineral water source was discovered in the upper reaches of Qidaogou, Linjiang City, Baishan City. Some of its water quality indicators are better than Alpine mineral water. It is a rare world-class high-quality water.
Beverage manufacturers from all over the country flocked to it.
In order to protect the ecological environment and achieve sustainable development, Linjiang City blocked the temptation of short-term gains, declined merchants, and decided to implement the project of "introducing springs into the city" to benefit the people, and use food sanitary pipelines to transport water to the urban area so that the people can drink the mineral springs. water.
In order to protect the "giant panda in the cultivated land", a "black soil defense war" was launched in Jilin.
After the autumn harvest, the straws are crushed and spread on the ground to reduce soil moisture and nutrient loss; during spring plowing, the no-tillage planter walks in the field to complete planting and fertilization at one time-in Lishu County, agricultural workers explored black soil The protected "pear tree mode" allows the black soil to "relax and rest."
There have been more earthworms, the ability of corn to resist drought and lodging has become stronger, and the degradation of black soil has been contained...A "farming revolution" is in full swing on the vast black soil.
Tens of thousands of scientific and technical personnel have taken root in the countryside to "fuel" the black soil.
With the improvement of ecological conditions, in recent years, infrared cameras in the Changbai Mountain Nature Reserve have taken more than 10,000 photos of wild animals each year, and some animal populations have increased several times over the past.
Monitoring shows that the number of wild Siberian tigers and Siberian leopards increased from 4 to 6 and 3 to 5 in 1998 to 27 and more than 42 in 2015.
(Reporters Chen Jun, Yao Shi, Duan Xu)