Verstappen shared the record before the Mexican GP with Michael Schumacher who took 13 victories in a season in 2004 and Sebastian Vettel who did it in 2013.
Verstappen started from pole position and was in full control throughout the race.
Hamilton was second
It was Verstappen's fourth victory in Mexico City.
Second-placed Lewis Hamilton, Great Britain, was 15 seconds behind and third, home driver Sergio Perez, team-mate of Verstappen, finished third.
Max Verstappen, who also won the World Cup series last year, secured the title in Japan at the beginning of October and his Red Bull decided the battle for the constructors' championship last weekend in the USA.