Provide a solid guarantee for the stable employment and development of disabled persons
A system of laws and regulations on the employment of disabled persons has been formed
□ Pu Xiaolei, reporter of this newspaper, text/photo
Only 10 months after birth, Lu Hong suffered from a serious sequelae due to high fever - cerebellum command nerve disorders. Faced with the injustice of fate, Lu Hong did not compromise, but chose to fight hard. After many efforts and attempts, Lu Hong founded Suzhou Yuanyue Paper Products Co., Ltd. After his successful entrepreneurship, he also led more than 50 disabled people out of poverty and became rich.
Lu Hong's successful entrepreneurial story is a microcosm of the improvement of the employment quality of disabled people in China. In recent years, more and more disabled persons have increased their income through proportional employment, centralized employment, flexible employment, self-employment, and auxiliary employment.
The improvement of the employment quality of disabled persons is inseparable from the strong guarantee of the rule of law. The recently released Blue Book for the Cause of the Disabled - "Research Report on the Cause of Persons with Disabilities in China (2023)" (hereinafter referred to as the Blue Book) pointed out that in order to promote the employment of the disabled, improve the employment structure of the disabled and improve the employment quality of the disabled, China has formulated a series of laws, regulations and policies on the employment of the disabled. At present, a system of laws, regulations and policies for the employment of persons with disabilities has been formed.
Zheng Gongcheng, member of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress and dean of the Institute for the Development of the Cause of the Disabled at Chinese Minmin University, said that under the guidance of the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the process of Chinese-style modernization is accelerating in an all-round way, and the cause of the disabled is also entering the fast lane of development. Facing the future, the development of the cause of the disabled will become an important theme of social construction, the governance and rule of law mechanism for the protection of the rights and interests of the disabled will continue to be improved, the employment and entrepreneurship of the disabled will be paid more attention, and the rights and interests of the disabled will be more comprehensively protected.
Include persons with disabilities in employment policy coverage
In recent years, the employment of disabled persons has been highly valued by the Party and the government, and the employment scope has been expanding, the proportion of employment has continued to increase, and the quality of employment has gradually improved.
In order to expand the scope of employment of disabled persons and improve the quality of employment of disabled persons, China has successively issued a series of policies, such as the Notice of the State Council on Printing and Distributing the Outline of the 7th Five-Year Plan for Accelerating the Process of Moderate Well-off for Persons with Disabilities, the Opinions of the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee and Other Seven Departments on Promoting the Proportional Employment of Persons with Disabilities, the Administrative Measures for the Collection and Use of Employment Security Funds for Persons with Disabilities, the Notice of the Ministry of Finance and the State Administration of Taxation on Preferential Tax Policies for Promoting the Employment of Persons with Disabilities, and the Opinions on Supporting Independent Employment and Entrepreneurship of Persons with Disabilities. Inclusion of persons with disabilities in the coverage of the employment policy system.
In order to steadily develop employment and entrepreneurship for disabled persons and improve the quality of employment for disabled persons, the State Council issued the Notice on Printing and Distributing the Outline of the 13th Five-Year Plan for Accelerating the Process of Moderate Prosperity for Persons with Disabilities, which clearly requires that efforts should be made to promote proportional employment for persons with disabilities, stabilize the development of centralized employment, support independent entrepreneurship and flexible employment through multiple channels, and vigorously develop auxiliary employment and various forms of employment.
With the goal of establishing labor-welfare-oriented undertakings for persons with disabilities, all localities have continuously developed public welfare positions while steadily developing employment and entrepreneurship for persons with disabilities through improving laws, regulations and service systems. Taking the Yangtze River Delta region as an example, in recent years, the "2022th Five-Year Plan for the Development of the Cause of the Disabled in Jiangsu Province", the "2025th Five-Year Plan for the Development of the Cause of the Disabled in Shanghai", the "Zhejiang Province Action Plan for Promoting the Employment of the Disabled (2022-2024)", the "Anhui Province Three-Year Action Plan for Promoting the Employment of the Disabled (<>-<>)" and the "Yangtze River Delta Integrated Development Strategy Cooperation Framework Agreement" have been issued successively, which have played an important role in promoting the employment of the disabled.
The Blue Book shows that through the unremitting efforts of all parties, the employment of disabled persons has developed steadily and the quality of employment has gradually improved. By the end of 2022, 905.5 million people with disabilities with certificates in urban and rural areas were employed nationwide. According to the statistical analysis of the employment of persons with disabilities from 2017 to 2021, the number of knowledge-based and technical jobs is gradually increasing, and the number of labor-intensive jobs is gradually decreasing.
The employment service guarantee system for persons with disabilities is not complete
In recent years, all localities have gradually improved laws and regulations on the protection of the rights and interests of persons with disabilities, and promoted the gradual improvement of the social status of persons with disabilities. However, it is undeniable that the employment of persons with disabilities still faces considerable challenges.
The Blue Book shows that as of 2021, more than 1000 million people with disabilities with certificates of working age have not been employed, and the number of people with disabilities who have not yet been employed is higher after counting persons with disabilities who have not yet applied for a disability certificate.
Professor Li Changan of the School of Government of the University of International Business and Economics believes that the employment environment for the disabled still needs to be improved, and the imperfect employment service system and security system for the disabled are one of the major challenges facing the employment of the disabled at present.
"At present, China's laws related to the employment of disabled persons mainly include the Disability Protection Law and the Employment Promotion Law, and there are fewer relevant supporting regulations to protect the employment rights and interests of disabled persons, which shows that China lacks a more effective legal policy for the employment of disabled persons and related supporting regulations. Not only that, but there are also deviations in the implementation of existing policies. For example, some employers would rather pay employment security for the disabled than place them in employment, which is extremely detrimental to the promotion of employment for the disabled. Li Changan said.
Zhu Yongbin, vice chairman of the Labor and Employment Professional Committee of the China Association for the Study of the Disabled Cause, noted that the Yangtze River Delta region has issued a series of regulations and policies to ensure the employment of disabled people, which have played an important role in promoting the employment of disabled people, but still need to be further improved. At present, the promotion of employment of disabled persons in the Yangtze River Delta region mainly relies on administrative means and moral forces, and lacks mandatory legal constraints and norms. Therefore, the Yangtze River Delta region must strengthen the construction of the rule of law in the employment of disabled persons, and provide a solid legal guarantee for the realization of high-quality employment of disabled persons."
Increase the level of legalization of employment security for persons with disabilities
Employment is an important way to help people with disabilities raise their income levels, increase their self-confidence and achieve self-reliance. Experts believe that the level of legalization of employment security for persons with disabilities should be improved, and the employment service and security system for persons with disabilities should be optimized.
Li Changan pointed out that the Law on the Protection of Persons with Disabilities and the Regulations on the Employment of Persons with Disabilities, as laws and regulations specifically aimed at the employment of persons with disabilities, still need to be revised and improved based on the current situation of employment of persons with disabilities. At the same time, strengthen publicity and education on the rule of law for persons with disabilities, enhance their awareness of self-protection, and enable them to protect their rights and interests in a timely manner when their lawful rights and interests are infringed.
Zhu Yongbin suggested that relevant departments and localities should further refine and implement policies related to the employment of disabled persons, "In recent years, the Yangtze River Delta region has issued a number of policy documents to promote the employment of disabled persons, making many provisions on the employment of disabled persons.
Li Chao, associate professor of the School of Management of Hebei University, believes that improving employability is an important prerequisite for achieving economic independence and social integration of disabled people, and it is also a key basic work to promote the employment of disabled people. To achieve the goal of fuller and higher-quality employment for persons with disabilities under the new situation, it is necessary to optimize the policy system for employment training for persons with disabilities.
Li Chao suggested optimizing vocational skills training services and management measures for persons with disabilities, standardizing the training process, and improving the quality of training. Reasonably determine the standards for subsidies for vocational training for persons with disabilities in light of the actual situation of groups of persons with disabilities, especially situations where some categories of persons with disabilities need auxiliary teaching personnel. Strengthen mechanisms for information disclosure, improve methods for reviewing employment training institutions, optimize the process for reviewing training qualifications, and support persons with disabilities in independently choosing employment training based on their own actual conditions.
At the same time, integrate support policies and integrate vocational skills training for persons with disabilities into the overall plan for the training of vocational and skilled personnel. Improve the implementation of policies for purchasing vocational training services for persons with disabilities, and encourage all types of social training institutions to widely participate in vocational training for persons with disabilities. Improve training subsidy policies and training performance subsidy reward methods for persons with disabilities, reasonably determine subsidy and reward standards, and improve mechanisms for monitoring the quality of employment training.
(Rule of Law Daily)