China News Service, January 26. According to the website of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment recently issued guidance on further optimizing the response mechanism for heavy pollution weather. The opinions pointed out that localities are not allowed to issue early warning information and initiate emergency response, increase the warning level, and extend the response time on the grounds of completing air quality improvement goals.
In order to consolidate the results of air quality improvement, protect the health of the people, promote green and high-quality economic and social development, and implement the task requirements of basically eliminating heavy pollution weather proposed by the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, focusing on key pollutants, key periods, and key areas, Adhering to precise pollution control, scientific pollution control, and pollution control in accordance with the law, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment has provided the following guidance on further optimizing the response mechanism for heavy pollution weather:
Optimize emergency response rules for heavy pollution weather
The air quality index (AQI) is uniformly used as the early warning classification indicator. The yellow early warning for key air pollution prevention and control areas (hereinafter referred to as key areas), provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities), prefecture-level cities, and counties (hereinafter referred to as provinces, cities, and counties) is based on predicted daily AQI> 200 or daily AQI>150 for 48 hours or more, orange warning is for predicted daily AQI>200 for 48 hours or daily AQI>150 for 72 hours or more, red warning is for predicted daily AQI>200 for 72 hours and daily AQI>300 The grading standards are those that last for 24 hours or more. Other provinces, cities and counties that still have heavy pollution days in the past three years will follow the standards in principle.
Take differentiated response measures to heavily polluted weather caused by different pollutants. Heavy pollution weather caused by fine particulate matter (PM2.5) pollution should be actively responded to in strict accordance with the relevant provisions of Article 96 of the Atmospheric Law, and emergency emission reduction measures should be formulated in accordance with the relevant national technical guidelines in accordance with the law. In the heavily polluted weather caused by ozone (O3) pollution, health warning information should be released to the society in a timely manner, and daily supervision of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) emission sources should be strengthened. For heavily polluted weather caused by uncontrollable factors such as sandstorms, wildfires, local blowing sand, and overseas transmission, health warning information should be released to the society in a timely manner to guide the public to take health protection measures, and strengthen control of dust sources as appropriate. measure.
Standardize response to heavy pollution weather
When it is predicted that the air quality in the future may reach the early warning classification standards, all localities should determine the early warning level in a timely manner. In principle, early warning information should be issued 48 hours or more in advance, and emergency response should be initiated according to the established time; or early warning information should be released in a timely manner in accordance with the unified requirements of regional emergency linkage. , initiate emergency response. When two heavily polluted weather events are predicted before and after, and the interval does not reach 36 hours, the response should be from a high level as one heavily polluted weather event. After the early warning information is released but before the emergency response, if the air quality prediction results change and are inconsistent with the early warning information, the early warning level should be adjusted in a timely manner or the early warning should be canceled based on the actual situation. After the emergency response, when the air quality prediction results or monitoring data reach a higher warning level, the warning level should be raised in time and the emergency response measures should be upgraded; when the air quality is predicted to improve in the future and will last for 36 hours or more, the warning level should be lowered. Or lift the emergency response and release information in advance.
All localities should activate and deactivate emergency response in a timely manner in accordance with laws and regulations based on forecast results and early warning classification standards. It is not allowed to meet the conditions for activation but not start, or to meet the conditions for deactivation but not deactivated; it is not allowed to arbitrarily launch and deactivate emergency responses on the grounds of completing air quality improvement goals. Publish early warning information and initiate emergency response, increase warning level, and extend response time. All localities should submit relevant information to the Ministry of Ecology and Environment through the air quality forecast online information release and management platform on the day when early warning information is released or emergency response is lifted. Air quality forecast and forecast information should be publicly released to the public.
Strengthen regional emergency linkage
Comprehensively consider factors such as meteorology, topography, pollution transmission characteristics, etc., and rationally divide air pollution joint prevention and control areas. Each region should strengthen emergency linkage in heavy pollution weather areas and clearly organize and coordinate units. Among them, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment is the emergency linkage organization and coordination unit in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and surrounding areas, and also strengthens the guidance of emergency linkage in various regions; the Fenwei Plain Air Pollution Prevention and Control Cooperation Group Office is the Fenwei Plain emergency linkage organization and coordination unit; the Yangtze River Delta region The Office of the Ecological and Environmental Protection Cooperation Group is the emergency linkage organization and coordination unit in the Yangtze River Delta region; regions such as the urban agglomeration in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, the Northeast region, the urban agglomeration on the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains, and the Chengdu-Chongqing region that have established joint prevention and control mechanisms should clarify the emergency linkage organization and coordination as soon as possible Units; encourage other neighboring provinces, inter-provincial border cities, and intra-provincial border cities to establish emergency linkage mechanisms for heavy pollution weather and clarify emergency linkage organization and coordination units.
Regional emergency linkage organization and coordination units should strengthen joint analysis and judgment of the air quality situation, and when it is predicted that a regional heavy pollution weather process will occur, promptly report regional early warning information, clarify the scope of emergency linkage, warning level and emergency response time, and organize emergency linkage . All provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government) should strictly follow the requirements for regional early warning information and promptly organize the cities and counties under their jurisdiction to carry out regional emergency linkage. In principle, emergency linkage cities within the province will activate the same level of early warning, and the early warning level and emergency response time will no longer be based on city forecasts. The result is confirmed. All localities should incorporate relevant requirements for regional emergency linkage into emergency plans.
Accelerate the formulation and revision of emergency plans for heavy pollution weather
Provincial (autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government) ecological environment authorities should cooperate with the people's governments at the same level and guide city and county people's governments to formulate and revise emergency plans for heavy pollution weather. Places that have completed the formulation and revision of emergency response plans in accordance with the early warning classification standards of the "Action Plan for the Elimination of Heavy Pollution Weather" should promptly update them in accordance with the relevant requirements of this guidance; places that have not completed the formulation and revision of emergency response plans should follow the relevant requirements of this guidance. The emergency plan formulation and revision work will be completed by the end of March 2024. After the emergency plan is formulated and revised, it should be filed with the ecological environment department of the people's government at the next higher level and announced to the public at the same time. The emergency plan should be based on reality, establish a responsibility system, clarify the organizational structure, responsibilities and responsible persons, strengthen departmental collaboration, and form a joint response to heavy pollution weather. Emergency plans should fully consider relevant needs such as ensuring people's livelihood and ensuring the normal operation of the city, and try to minimize the impact on the normal production and life of the people.
Strengthen the evaluation of the effectiveness of response to heavy pollution weather
Ecological and environmental authorities at the provincial and municipal levels should study and establish a technical system for pre-event research and judgment, during-event tracking, and post-event evaluation in response to heavy pollution weather. Strengthen air quality forecasting and forecasting capabilities and professional staffing, improve the consultation mechanism for forecasting and situation analysis, establish a database of heavily polluted weather cases, evaluate the accuracy of pollution process forecasts in a timely manner, and further improve the accuracy of 72-hour forecasts and forecasts of air quality. The rate, especially the accuracy of forecasts of heavy pollution weather processes, ensures that pollution processes are not missed; by the end of 2025, provinces and cities will have 7-10 day forecast capabilities, and regions will have 15-day forecast capabilities. Promote the integration of multi-source inventories, dynamically update emission inventories, timely grasp the emission situation of local sources, conduct dynamic cause analysis during heavy pollution processes, and determine the contribution of pollution sources. Organize experts in a timely manner to analyze and interpret the process of heavy pollution weather, and respond to public concerns in a timely manner. Carry out analysis on the implementation of response measures and emission reduction effects, strengthen the evaluation of the implementation effects of emergency plans, and continuously optimize and improve the emergency plans based on the evaluation results. The Ministry of Ecology and Environment will evaluate the local response to heavy pollution weather as needed. If it is found that there are obvious irregularities in the activation and deactivation of emergency response, or the failure to implement response measures, etc., it will be reported as appropriate.