Build a solid medical defense line to protect people's health (Health Focus)
After the release of the "Notice on Further Optimizing and Implementing the Prevention and Control Measures for the New Coronary Pneumonia Epidemic", which is referred to as the "New Ten Articles", various localities and departments acted quickly to formulate specific implementation measures, implement hierarchical and classified management and treatment, and strengthen residents' health management and services. In order to promote the prevention and control of the epidemic more scientifically, accurately, orderly and effectively, and ensure the safety and health of the people.
Autumn and winter are the seasons of high incidence of respiratory diseases.
At present, the pathogenicity of the mutant strain of Omicron is significantly weakened, but the transmission ability is enhanced, and the number of infected people is increasing.
Facing the new situation and tasks of epidemic prevention and control, can my country's medical and health care and disease control systems stand the test?
Wang Hesheng, deputy director of the National Health Commission and director of the National Bureau of Disease Control and Prevention, pointed out that in the past three years, we have had effective diagnosis and treatment technologies and drugs, medical treatment, pathogen detection, epidemiological investigation and other capabilities have continued to improve, and vaccine research and development and vaccination have made great progress. Positive progress has been made. The complete vaccination rate of the whole population has exceeded 90%, and the health awareness and health literacy of the people have improved significantly.
These have created conditions for further optimization and improvement of prevention and control measures.
Coordinating the medical treatment of new coronavirus infection and daily medical service guarantee work, and promptly solving the urgent and anxious problems reported by the masses
Recently, the number of calls to the Beijing 120 emergency hotline has surged, and many hospitals have long queues for fever clinics... Faced with the rapid increase in demand for medical services, is my country's medical and health system capable of coping?
After the introduction of the new ten optimization measures, all localities and departments coordinated the medical treatment of the new crown virus infection and daily medical service guarantee work, timely resolved the urgent and anxious problems reported by the masses, and avoided the occurrence of a run on medical resources.
Experts believe that, on the whole, my country's medical and health services have made great progress and have the ability to respond to large-scale medical needs.
According to data released by the National Health and Medical Commission, by the end of 2021, the total number of medical and health institutions across the country will exceed 1.03 million, and the total number of beds will reach 9.448 million, an increase of more than 80,000 and 3.723 million compared with 2012; 13.983 million and 4.287 million practicing (assistant) physicians, an increase of 4.864 million and 1.76 million respectively compared with 2012.
The number of practicing physicians per 1,000 population will increase from 1.94 in 2012 to 3.04 in 2021, approaching the level of physician allocation in developed countries.
The fever clinic is open 24 hours a day.
On December 8, the Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism of the State Council issued the "Notice on Further Optimizing the Treatment Process for Patients with Fever", requiring all localities to ensure that fever clinics are open 24 hours a day, and must not be closed or closed without authorization.
Guo Yanhong, director of the Medical Emergency Department of the National Health and Medical Commission, said that according to the requirements for setting up fever clinics, hospitals above the second level should be set up and opened as much as possible to ensure that they are open around the clock.
Medical institutions should further expand the area of fever clinics, increase the number of clinics, allocate medical resources, and enhance the service capabilities of fever clinics. In addition, the addresses and telephone numbers of fever clinics should be made public.
On December 7, Beijing required all established fever clinics and emergency medical institutions to provide services 24 hours a day in principle.
Subsequently, the list of 303 secondary and above medical institutions that opened fever clinics in various districts was announced, including addresses and contact information, so that citizens can seek medical treatment nearby.
On December 8, Shanghai required medical institutions to optimize outpatient and emergency procedures, further expand areas for fever clinics, increase consultation rooms, and strengthen capacity to try their best to meet the medical needs of the masses.
The critical care medical resource base has been continuously consolidated.
According to Jiao Yahui, director of the Department of Medical Affairs of the National Health and Medical Commission, at present, the total number of intensive care beds in the country has reached 138,100, and the number of intensive care beds is close to 10 per 100,000 people. The total number of intensive care physicians is 80,500. "There are 106,000 reserve doctors, 220,000 nurses in intensive care, and 177,700 "convertible ICU" nurses.
The National Health and Medical Commission requires tertiary medical institutions to strengthen the expansion and transformation of critical care resources before the end of December this year, and their comprehensive ICUs should reach 4% of the total number of beds.
In the past three years, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, which is famous for its treatment of severe cases, has insisted on the joint efforts of epidemic prevention and control and medical treatment: separate delivery rooms have been opened in the fever clinic and delivery room, pregnant women with cesarean section will be transferred to the negative pressure operating room for delivery; the department of infectious medicine is set up in the ward Out of the isolation area, buffer zone, and cleaning area, implement the AB angle system of the core group/medical team leader to ensure that the entire ward can be taken over under special circumstances..."One department, one policy" is more accurate, more scientific, and more professional.
The power of traditional Chinese medicine to prevent and control diseases has been strengthened.
Jia Zhongwu, director of the Medical Administration Department of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, said that traditional Chinese medicine is an important means of treating new coronary pneumonia.
In recent years, my country has established 35 national TCM epidemic prevention and control bases, and comprehensively strengthened the construction of key departments such as fever clinics, infectious diseases departments, and pulmonary disease departments in TCM medical institutions.
Established 35 national TCM epidemic prevention and control teams and 33 national TCM emergency medical rescue teams, and established a TCM epidemic prevention and emergency medical rescue expert committee.
The grassroots medical and health service system covering urban and rural areas has been continuously improved, providing a solid guarantee for the hierarchical diagnosis and treatment of new crown infection
The new ten optimization measures put forward: "Asymptomatic infected persons and mild cases who have the conditions for home isolation generally adopt home isolation."
On December 9, Xicheng District of Beijing delivered health and epidemic prevention packages to about 450,000 households with permanent residents and about 8,000 "seven small" stores in batches to help residents take good health protection and help restore normal production and living order .
Residents’ health and epidemic prevention packages include N95 (KN95) masks, disposable medical surgical masks, Lianhua Qingwen capsules, antigen detection kits and other epidemic prevention materials and medicines; the health and epidemic prevention packages of “Seven Small” stores include N95 (KN95) masks, Disinfection effervescent tablets and other anti-epidemic materials.
Infected people are isolated at home and may develop symptoms such as fever and cough. Patients with chronic diseases stay at home for a long time, and their demand for medical services will increase rapidly.
Can my country's primary medical service system cope with it?
Grass-roots medical and health resources have been continuously enriched.
According to data released by the National Health and Medical Commission, by the end of 2021, there will be 977,800 grassroots medical and health institutions nationwide, with 1.712 million beds, an increase of 65,200 and 388,000 respectively compared with 2012; the number of health personnel in grassroots medical and health institutions will reach 4.432 million, an increase of 995,000 compared with 2012.
At present, 90% of families can reach the nearest medical point within 15 minutes, and most minor and common diseases can be solved at the grassroots level.
The contracted services of family doctors are steadily advancing.
"Pay attention to a healthy diet, eat less sugar, take medicine on time, and call if you have any questions." In Dongying District, Dongying City, Shandong Province, Guo Liang, a family doctor at the Shikou Community Health Service Center, recently came to the home to provide physical examinations for the elderly whose blood sugar levels fluctuated. and health management services.
Dongying District has established 242 family doctor service teams to provide family doctor contract services for the elderly, pregnant women, the disabled, and patients with chronic diseases.
In 2016, my country began to implement family doctor contract services.
As of the end of 2021, there will be a total of 1.435 million family doctors across the country, and 431,000 teams have been formed to provide contracted services for residents.
In addition to standardized management of patients with major chronic diseases such as hypertension and diabetes, family doctors also provide residents with basic medical services, covering common diseases and frequently-occurring diseases with Chinese and Western medicine diagnosis and treatment, rational drug use, and medical guidance.
The grassroots medical and health service system covering urban and rural areas has been continuously improved, providing a solid guarantee for the hierarchical diagnosis and treatment of new coronary pneumonia.
On December 7, the Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism of the State Council issued the "Work Plan for Hierarchical Diagnosis and Treatment of New Coronary Pneumonia Using Medical Consortiums as a Carrier" and proposed that community health service centers and township health centers should carry out medical treatment for special personnel such as elderly people with underlying diseases in their jurisdictions. Health monitoring, find out the bottom line in advance, and implement hierarchical health management according to the level of health risk.
It is necessary to increase the coverage of family doctor contracted services, establish accounts for family doctor contracted service groups such as children aged 0-6, pregnant women, elderly people over 65 years old, and patients with underlying diseases in the jurisdiction, strengthen the quality of contract performance, and enrich the connotation of contracted services .
Guo Yanhong said that infected people with relatively stable basic diseases, advanced age and limited mobility can be treated at home.
The National Health and Medical Commission requires all localities to focus on the contracted services of family doctors, and conduct thorough investigation and health monitoring of special groups with relatively high health risks.
Strengthen the monitoring equipment and supervision of new coronavirus infection treatment drugs, vaccines and antigen detection products to effectively guarantee market supply
"No need to register anymore, it's much smoother." Ms. Lin bought some antipyretics and cold medicines at a pharmacy in Putuo District, Shanghai.
Recently, many places have adjusted the management policies for the online and offline purchase of "four types of drugs", namely cough, antipyretic, antiviral, and antibiotic drugs, and canceled the real-name registration process, which further facilitates the purchase of drugs by the masses.
"Drugs are indispensable in the treatment of the new crown." Guo Yanhong said that recently, the State Council's joint prevention and control mechanism requires medical institutions above the county level to strengthen their reserves of symptomatic drugs, such as antipyretics, cold medicines, and antivirals.
At the same time, grass-roots medical institutions and drug retail outlets are required to make corresponding preparations to ensure the accessibility of drugs.
Jia Zhongwu said that traditional Chinese medicine and Chinese patent medicine represented by "three medicines and three prescriptions" can significantly improve symptoms such as fever, cough, and fatigue in patients with new coronary pneumonia.
The State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine will strengthen the monitoring of the production, processing, distribution and supply capacity of Chinese herbal pieces and proprietary Chinese medicines for the treatment of new coronary pneumonia, and timely grasp the production and stock of the market to ensure the supply guarantee capacity of key Chinese medicine varieties.
In response to the recent price fluctuations of some hot-selling drugs and other epidemic-related materials, on December 9, the State Administration for Market Regulation issued the "Reminder on the Prices and Competition Order of Epidemic-Related Materials" to regulate price behavior and maintain fair competition. The producers and operators of epidemic-related materials have drawn a red line of "nine musts".
In order to crack down on price gouging, the State Administration for Market Regulation focused on the e-commerce platform at the stage, conducted a centralized search for relevant clues, and organized market supervision departments in key provinces to check specific clues one by one.
Online pharmacies that were initially found to be suspected of driving up prices have been referred to relevant provincial market supervision departments for investigation and investigation.
The R&D and production of COVID-19 vaccines has accelerated, and vaccination services have continued to improve.
In just two days on December 4th and 5th, four new coronavirus vaccines with their own characteristics were approved for emergency use.
At present, there are 13 types of new coronavirus vaccines available in my country, providing people with more vaccination options.
"In general, the vaccination rate of the elderly in my country is not low, but the vaccination rate of the elderly over 80 years old is relatively low." Xia Gang, director of the Department of Health and Immunization of the National Bureau of Disease Control and Prevention, said that on the basis of previous work experience, continue to open The green channel for vaccination of the elderly.
All localities should set up temporary vaccination sites and arrange some mobile vaccination vehicles to facilitate the vaccination of the elderly.
For the disabled and semi-disabled elderly, medical personnel with rich experience in diagnosis, treatment and vaccination will be arranged to provide vaccination services.
Strengthen the supply of antigen detection reagents.
Up to now, the State Food and Drug Administration has approved 42 new coronavirus antigen detection reagents.
The State Food and Drug Administration recently issued the "Announcement on Extending the Validity Period of Registration Certificates of Antigen Detection Reagents for New Coronavirus", which will extend the validity period of the registration certificates of antigen detection reagents that have been approved for registration by 6 months on the basis of the original validity period, so as to effectively guarantee the market supply of related products.
Our reporter Shen Shaotie