The crime of Acre .. Why did the murderer of New Zealand put the history of "siege of Acre" on his gun ?!

"Acre, 1189 AD", history and city wrote the port of the massacre of the mosques on his weapon, when he put the name of the gun Charles Martel, but put the name of the military commander who defeated the forces of Muslims in France, and expelled them, and killed their commander Abdel Rahman al-Ghafaki months in the site " "He said.

Here, with the history of a violent war site, and a long crusade on the coastal city of Acre in the Levant, which lasted two full years tasted the Muslims horrors, the killer did not depart from the goal that he meant behind the killing, the conflict with the Islamic identity is the basis and the starting point in his view, The West's sovereignty over the Muslim world is supported by these military defeats of Muslims.

What is the battle of "Acre 1189"? Why did all the European forces unite to reoccupy the city and to slap a slap on Saladin, in response to his resounding victories that broke the Crusader expansion after the Battle of Hittin? Why did Salahuddin fail to protect the city from falling? What are the consequences of this fall ?!

The German campaign failed!

The victory of Salah al-Din in the position of Hattin, the restoration of Jerusalem and the entire Palestinian territories, and even many of the coastal cities of Syria from the hands of the Crusaders who occupied over 90 years, in 583 AH and the following, has been a shock to the whole European continent, Jocelyn, Archbishop of the city of Tire then left his ecclesiastical activity and rushed to Pope Urban III, who gave him a full account of what happened, and the truth of the position of the Crusaders in the Levant, and their weakness and fragmentation, and that Salahuddin and Muslim forces will regain all cities occupied by the Crusaders ; The issue was only a matter Only time.

Pope Urban VIII did not bear the defeat. He died in October 1187/588 AH. When Pope Gregory VIII took up his post, he sent his books and letters to the most powerful kings of Europe at that time, King of England, King of France and Emperor of Germany. To disobey them between discounts and desires and send their strength to fight Muslims [1].

Despite the rapid death of Pope Gregory VIII at the end of the year, his successor, Clement III, was keen to continue papal correspondence to these monarchs and emperors, urging them to prepare for new Crusades to save what was left of them in the East and to strike back at Saladin. France and England were very deep then, because of the long wars and the blood that fell between the two sides, and it was not easy to describe each of them to his companion and unite in one mission under the Holy Cross in the distant lands of the East.

However, the German emperor Frederick Barbarossa did not bear what he heard about the heavy defeats inflicted on his skin in the east, the deaths of the great princes of the Crusaders and the capture of hundreds of others. He did not bear all that, and he saw that the differences between the British and the French were futile. He moved to Germany in the year 1189, accompanied by his second son, Frederick, at the head of a huge army by the standards of that age. Some historians numbered 100,000 warriors. They traveled the road from Germany to Hungary and from there to Constantinople. The great hostility between the Byzantines and the Germans at the time, The Byzantines sent a quick message to Saladin telling him that there was a German crusade coming in the numbers of a tractor.

Saladin was well prepared, thanked the Byzantines for their good faith, decided to send ambassadors, and concluded a joint agreement between the two sides. However, the German emperor Barbarossa broke into the Byzantine lands and then moved to Anatolia which was ruled by the Seljuqs of Rome at that time. The Seljuks attempted to join these enormous Crusader forces, but did not find anything. The Crusaders attacked the Seljuk capital of Konya and burned their markets and cells. Eventually, the Seljuk side was forced to demand reconciliation and to present proofs to the Germans in the rugged Anatolia, Baha so they can enter the Levant as soon as possible [3].

In the end, the German forces crossed Anatolia and entered the territory of the small Armenian kingdom in the regions of Tartus, Adana and the north of Antioch, but Barbarossa, when he crossed with his army one of the rivers near Adana, suddenly sank to his old age. , And the failure of Frederick II bin Barbarossa control of the soldiers, the soldiers dispersed on their faces, and the rest of them arrived in the Levant in a mockery of the Muslims themselves, the campaign of "sticks and donkeys donkeys," as described by the contemporary historian Jamal al-Din bin Wasel Hamawi [4].

SDD error!

If the fate has saved the Levant and the forces of Salahuddin from a huge military campaign drowned its leader in a river, and dispersed in the country and the seas, Salahuddin had occurred in the meantime in a major strategic error; when the Crusaders promised after defeats to release some of their great kings who signed In his captivity, headed by the Crusader king Jay Lozganan, who was captured in the Battle of Hittin, his wife, Queen Sibble, sent him to pray for his release, which he eventually fulfilled in July 1188. He released ten of the Crusader princes And their knights to be his belly when he returns [5]!

"But what most promised the Crusaders, and what most violated the covenant, if Salah al-Din has always stuck to the principles of Arab chivalry in his actions with The crusaders, Jay Lozganan, who vowed not to fight Saladin or the Muslims and swore that the Levant would be liberated immediately after his release, was soon displaced to Tire hoping to take over the leadership of the forces in its war against the Muslims.

However, Jay failed to enter the city of Tire, which was owned by his property within the boundaries of the Kingdom of Old Jerusalem before being recovered by Saladin, and from there he set off towards the city of Tripoli Sham and was able to gather a number of displaced Crusaders, and reorganized again, The Mediterranean Sea away from the eyes of Muslims and their forces, and everyone decided to move towards the city of Acre coastal strategy to take over again, and Saladin and his forces were busy at the time in a military campaign against the forces of other Crusaders in the Beaufort Arnon near the Golan, and did not pay attention to what is happening only H The Crusaders are already besieging Acre [7]!

There are some historical Islamic accounts that confirm that Salah al-Din and his intelligence were aware of the movements of Luzganan, and that he wanted to besiege them at a strait in the area between Tire and Acre, but his senior generals and advisers opposed him and told him that it is better to attack the Crusaders in Acre to fall between the armies of Salah The religion from the east and the Islamic garrison of Akka in the West, and they rebelled against them like pimps, but this was a second strategic mistake in which Saladin and his advisers took part. Ibn al-Atheer says: "If the soldiers followed the view of Saladin in their dealings and treatment, before they descended on Acre, he would have reached his goal and repelled them, but if God wanted to set his reasons" [8].

The suffocating siege!

Another order was in favor of the Crusaders when they began the siege of Acre, has suffered large numbers of the army of Salah al-Din, the epidemic led to the death of many of the Crusader and Islamic groups, which forced him Salah al-Din to return from the location of Tel Kisan to Kharoba, and this incident is the most serious reasons To strengthen the position of the Crusaders, and expand their siege on the city of Acre, which was in the form of half a circle back to the Mediterranean, the Crusaders began digging a trench from sea to sea, and succeeded in that already, and the city is now besieged by the Crusaders stronger and more uniform than before.

The siege on the people of Acre and its Islamic protectorate under the leadership of Prince Bahaauddin Qaraqosh inside the walls of the city, and the winter of that year had entered, and Salah al-Din was forced to stay in Kharuba away from Acre, watching the situation through his eyes and intelligence in Acre, And in addition to the encrypted messages, until Salah al-Din eventually sought out his brother, Adel Abi Bakr, in Egypt, asking him for help and extended. He came in late 1189 at the head of the Egyptian army, Represented in the Prince Hossam Eddin Lou He succeeded in winning naval victories against the Crusader pirates in the Red Sea. He succeeded by the Egyptian fleet estimated at fifty pieces of sea in entering and penetrating the waters of Acre. He provided the city and its inhabitants with the food, supplies and supplies they needed, as well as strengthening their forces with a new team of princes and soldiers. ].

A number of historians point to the step of this battle that Sultan Salah al-Din was following with great concern on the ground. Ibn Shaddad, the historian of Saladin, said: "They were still there until they reached Acre on the night of the second half of Sha'baan, 585 AH. The Muslims have revealed their heads to pray to God in the judiciary to hand them over to the country, and the Sultan on the coast like the bereaved mother, watching the fighting and calling his Lord by his victory , And he learned from the severity of the folk, unless he knew others and in the heart What is in his heart, and God proves it, and the fighting is still working around the bellies from all sides, and God paid for it and the wind is getting louder and the voices have risen from the two communities, and the prayer breaks the veil until they arrived safely to the port of the country, and the people of Acre received rain from Jedb, It was the Night of the Pale "[10].

Salah al-Din sent letters to the Muslim kings and their allies in the East and West, and some military supplies have already come from the princes of the Zangiya state in Mosul, al-Jazeera, southern Anatolia, Baghdad, and elsewhere. , And rejoiced at these supplies, and forget the political differences that were between the two teams in the past, and keen on the moral side, keen to sharpen the minds of soldiers, and to strengthen them, to withstand the difficulties of siege and skirmishes against the Crusaders, but in the meantime were the remnants of the German campaign failed to absorb the pieces, Led by Prince Frederick T. Alswaba son of Emperor Barbarossa to reach Acre, it was the arrival significant effect on the significant positive crusader forces led by Ozjnan, but were able to carry out an attack on Muslim forces in Acre in late September / September 1190 [11].

Salah al-Din was forced to take his fleet back to the city by sea; indeed, new forces were brought into the city because of the great fatigue, vigilance and continuous fighting of the previous forces that endured the siege, the war and the shortage of supplies. But this serious operation, which took place in dangerous circumstances, The most prominent of these were the military supervisors of the great princes within Acre, who were sixty emirs, but were replaced by only twenty. The contemporary historian of these events, Abu Shama, attributed Acre's subsequent fall to this great error in carrying out the operation and bringing out the great, Count A little against them [12].

The war has been going on between the two teams for the last few months. It has also been tempered by the internal Crusader struggle for leadership between Guy Lozganan and his rivals, headed by Conrad de Monteverte, a man who worked so hard to restore Jerusalem and defeat Saladin. The remnants of the Crusaders, who saw the adequacy and great military and political ability, and while everyone is struggling for the Crusader leadership in the east was the largest kings of Europe sailing in the Mediterranean at the head of a crusade to defeat Saladin.

Richard the Lionheart and Philip August in the East!

On the European bank, and after several papal attempts to heal the rift between France and England, the two parties finally united under the leadership of King Richard of England, known as the "Lionheart" for his courage, and the King of France Philip August. The island of Sicily was in the middle of the road where it remained for rest in the winter of that year 1190 AD, and after that Philip Auguste sailed in March 1191 to reach the city of Tire, where Conrad de Monfort received a great reception, and then both headed to Acre in April Same year.

The arrival of Philippe Auguste, the king of France, was first at the head of this enormous military campaign. The shock and anxiety of the Muslims occurred, and the joy and joy in the hearts of the Crusaders. Philip, king of France, was the greatest king and power over all the crusading princes of the Levant. And the last word in all that is happening, and soon everyone united around him, and began to restore the suffocating siege associated with the attack of the Mongols and similar siege and war machines, and the military garrison in Acre suffered tremendous in defending the city, while some princes who They came to support r Lahad al-Din, such as the prince of Mosul and the prince of Sinjar, decided to separate and leave under the pretext of the length of the shrine, and the soldiers were cut off [13]!

Soon, Richard the Lionheart arrived and descended with his troops on the coast of Shami on 6 June of that same year. He headed towards Acre and arrived two days later. The Crusaders then increased their strength, and the position of the Islamic garrison in the city worsened. And the constant attack on Acre, to be distracted by the attack by him, but the Crusaders rushed to attack in his position without the result of the fighting, and ordered Salahuddin to mobilize a large ship from Beirut and shipped with machinery and weapons and supplies and men to supply the garrison of Acre, but the ship once arrived near Acre Even besieged by the ships of the fleet Lizzie, and their desire not to fall into captivity, and after a bitter fight against forty other ships sank their boat, which was carrying six hundred and fifty soldiers [14]!

Victory of the Crusaders and the occupation of Acre again!

The crusaders re-attacked them more intensively in July 1091, and the military garrison inside the city was about to collapse, and finally sent to Salah al-Din a message that said: "We have reached our inability to the end beyond delivery, and tomorrow we are the eighth month (Jumada I, 587 AH) if you do not work with us anything we ask for security, and hand over the country "[15].

For his part, Salah al-Din tried to pressure all the Crusaders who were better prepared and strong by virtue of their positions and fortifications, and did not benefit from these attacks something, and finally forced the commander of the Islamic military garrison in Acre Prince Bahaa Eddin Qarqosh and Prince Saif al-Din Almqtob Kurd to surrender, The crusader camp to meet the King of France and agree with him on the terms of delivery, and forced Sultan Salahuddin to give his brother just in these negotiations, but ultimately, and exploitation of the site and fortification and forces and progress, negotiated the Crusaders led by Conrad de Monteverat with the garrison Acre Don And the release of Salib al-Salut [16], a cross that the Muslims had taken over when they returned to Jerusalem, The crusaders believe that it is the crucifix against which Jesus Christ was crucified.

The fall of Acre resulted in the fall of Arsuf and Jaffa, and it was a great victory that restored morale, joy and joy in the Western world

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In the end, after two full years of siege and resistance to the Islamic garrison, the Crusaders entered Acre in July 1191/17 Jumada II 587 AH, which caused a state of great sadness and sadness among the Muslims in the east and west, accompanied by the Crusaders habitual betrayal of their promises, , And then they captured thousands of Muslims and even killed hundreds of them treacherous and hateful, in which the contemporary historian Abu Shama says: "The calamity of the Muslims intensified, and the grief of the Almohads intensified, and the words of the wise people were confined to: And a deep confusion, and the soldiers fell into the shouting and howling To weep and wail "[17].

The historian of Baha'a al-Din bin Shaddad, author of the biography of Sultan Salahuddin, the witness on most of his battles against the Crusaders, says: "And asked them to launch Muslims did not answer to that, he knew treachery, and continued the families of Muslims, and then killed the Frankish many of them and the rest remained in captivity" , And the fall of Acre and the fall of Arsuf and Jaffa, and was a great victory restored morale and joy and joy in the Western world.

This is the story of Acre in 1189, written by the terrorist murderer on his gun, a reference to the tragic defeat of the Sultan of Nasser Salah al-Din al-Ayyubi, which lost thousands of prisoners and dead, and a number of the most important coastal cities in Palestine, Acre and then Arsuf and Jaffa, To make it sure!