Mahmoud Al-Adam

The day of the death of former Venezuelan President Hugo Chavez on 5 March 2013, the former bus driver Nicholas Maduro, took hold in that country, one of the most Latin American countries supplying us, and has a huge stock of oil as well as large quantities of coal Iron and gold.

First presidential term
On April 14, 2013, Maduro won the presidential election, but the country entered a recession, due to the fall in oil prices, which coincided with an economic crisis, the most prominent of which was the severe shortage of commodities and high inflation.

The opposition wins the elections
In late 2015, the opposition was able to win the parliamentary elections, and the heated conflict between the president and the parliament began, but the opposition was unable to overthrow him.

Constituent Assembly
Maduro later lost the majority of the Parliament to the call on 30 July 2017 to elect the Constituent Assembly, which went parallel to the Parliament and enjoyed broad and open powers, starting to change the Constitution and ending the solution of the political and economic crisis in the country.

The new assembly was officially inaugurated on August 4, 2017, in a move that its opponents considered a deviation from parliament. The new body was given a constitutional review and amendment, and it had the power to dissolve the elected parliament.

Second presidential term
Contrary to what many have expected, this "controversial" president will not be able to stand in power, despite all the challenges facing his government, he won the May 2018 presidential election with a second term, and the administration of President Donald Trump described those elections By the way.

According to a report by the BBC, Maduro's success in survival was due to his preservation of the legacy of his predecessor Chávez alive, a move that was welcomed by those who benefited from plans to reduce discrimination and poverty.

Protests and emigration
Maduro was re-elected for a second six-year term, causing division of the country, followed by protests amid a crippling economic crisis that resulted in currency devaluation and food shortages

The US State Department also imposed several economic sanctions on the administration of President Maduro, and increased cross-border migration to neighboring countries.

Assassination attempt
On August 5, Maduro said he had escaped an assassination attempt using booby-trapped aircraft. The incident occurred when the president was speaking during a military event in Caracas.

Maduro accused Colombia and elements in the United States of stirring up a "right-wing conspiracy" to kill him.

In the same vein, days after the attempt, the New York Times reported that officials in the administration of President Donald Trump held secret meetings last year with military officers in Venezuela to discuss plans to overthrow Maduro.

New currency
In a bid to tackle the inflation crisis - which the IMF expects to reach 1 million percent - the authorities last August issued a new currency called the "sovereign bolivars", where President Maduro canceled five zeroes of the value of the old currency "Strong Bolivar", and give it this new name.

isolation
After Maduro was sworn in for a second term in the US Supreme Court on June 10, John Bolton, the president's national security adviser, said his country did not recognize Venezuelan authorities as a "tyrant."

Bolton said in a statement that the United States will continue to use all diplomatic and economic tools against Maduro's "illegal" regime to restore democracy in Venezuela.

A number of countries have also announced cutting off or reducing diplomatic relations with Caracas.

Temporary president
Juan Guaido, leader of the opposition Venezuelan Congress, said he was ready to hold the presidency temporarily and call for elections, one day after Maduro was sworn in for a second term.

Guido said he would only take the presidency with the support of the armed forces and also called for protests on January 23, the anniversary of the fall of the military dictatorship in 1958.

Maduro Offset
On Monday, the Venezuelan government said it had arrested a group of military men who stole weapons from a National Guard post to use to oust President Maduro.

Guaido as Acting President
On Wednesday, Venezuelan opposition leader Juan Guadillo declared himself the interim president of the country.

The announcement sparked an international split. While the United States and several Latin American countries have rushed to recognize it, other countries - like Russia and Turkey - have announced their support for President Maduro.

The position of the army
"The soldiers of the homeland do not accept a president who is imposed under mysterious interests or self-declared illegally. The army defends our constitution and is a guarantor of national sovereignty," Venezuelan Defense Minister Vladimir Padrinho said.

The Venezuelan Supreme Court, the highest judicial authority in the country and composed of judges considered supporters of the regime, ordered a criminal investigation against the deputies, accusing them of "confiscating" the powers of President Maduro.

Maduro also announced the severing of diplomatic relations with the United States, accusing it of plotting a coup against him.