Hebei Daily reporter Shi Xiaoduo
"I miss the small river in my hometown, and the ox carts that go to the market on the small road..." Traditional villages carry people's long-lasting nostalgia, and contain rich historical information and cultural landscapes.
A few days ago, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and the Ministry of Finance issued a notice to officially announce the list of demonstration counties (cities, districts) for the centralized protection and utilization of traditional villages across the country in 2022.
Jingxing is the only county in our province to be selected. In recent years, the protection and utilization of traditional villages in Jingxing County has been unprecedented, and the results have been remarkable, not only retaining the most beautiful nostalgia, but also inspiring new vitality for rural development.
The new rhyme of the ancient village, the cultural context is long
In the early summer, when driving on the land of Jingxing, you will be greeted with beautiful scenery along the way - rolling hills, wide and smooth roads, green terraced fields, and ancient traditional villages, which make people linger.
Walking into the depths of the mountains in Nanzhang Town, Jingxing County, Daliangjiang, a mysterious ancient castle built with stones after thousands of years of wind and rain, will remind you of the distant nostalgia everywhere...
In Jingxing, there are many famous historical and cultural villages like Daliangjiang, Lujia Village, Liangjia Village, Song Gucheng, etc. The traditional villages scattered in the countryside of Jingxing are the historical imprints engraved on the Taihang Mountains, and they are also left to Jingxing by the years. valuable cultural heritage.
"Our county is located in a mountainous area. The traditional village pattern and historical relics from the Sui and Tang Dynasties to the Ming and Qing Dynasties are completely preserved. The number of national-level traditional villages ranks first in Hebei Province." Li Huiping, director of the Housing and Urban-rural Development Bureau of Jingxing County, introduced that the county's administrative villages have more than 1,000 years of history. There are 73 in total, 147 of which are more than 500 years old, and 44 national-level traditional villages, which are highly exemplary.
Ancient mountains in deep mountains, ancient houses in ancient villages, ancient temples with ancient trees... The traditional ancient villages in Jingxing can be divided into various forms, such as surrounded by mountains on all sides, mountains and waters on their backs, etc. according to the changes in the mountains where they are located. With a simple and solemn temperament.
"The distribution of traditional villages is relatively concentrated, which is an important reason for being selected as a demonstration county for the contiguous conservation and utilization of traditional villages in 2022." Li Huiping said that 26 of the 44 national-level traditional villages in Jingxing are concentrated in Tianchang Town and Yujia Town in the middle of the county. , Xiulin Town, Nanzhang Town, 4 townships.
A tourist road connects ancient villages in series, and special places such as viewing platforms and mountain dwellers are set up in traditional villages along the route, laying the foundation for the development of traditional villages and surrounding areas.
The ancestors of Jingxing not only left one ancient village after another, but also passed down a very rich cultural resource.
There are 4 national protection units, 17 provincial protection units, 4 national intangible cultural heritage projects, and 32 provincial intangible cultural heritage projects.
The relevant person in charge of the Provincial Intangible Cultural Heritage Protection Center introduced that Jingxing Kiln Site, Cangyan Mountain Fuqing Temple, Qinhuang Ancient Post Road, Jingxing Lahua, Nanzhangjing Tiger Fire, Taolinping Hualian She Fire and other rich historical accumulation and cultural heritage , so that Jingxing County has successively won the "Hometown of Chinese Folk Culture and Art", "Hometown of Chinese Temple Fair Culture", "Hometown of Chinese Lahua Art", etc., and also makes the traditional villages here become typical representatives of ancient villages in North China and Taihang Mountains.
Save the "old house" and activate the village
"The village is connected to a secluded path that drags Qingdai, and the gate overlooks the mountains and embraces greenery." Beiguan Village, Tianchang Town, Jingxing County, is not only a traditional village hidden deep in the Taihang Mountains, but also a thousand-year-old ancient city.
The cultural preservation units such as Tangjianao Ancient Tombs, Yufeng Mountain Temple, Fujun Temple Theater are the embodiment of its profound heritage.
With these, Beiguancun was selected into the fourth batch of Chinese traditional villages list in 2016.
In recent years, with the support of the superior cultural relics department, Beiguan Village has carried out the restoration of the cultural relics of the ancient stage and the ancient courtyard in accordance with the principle of "repairing the old as the old". The ancient village is revived.
"The restoration of ancient buildings not only preserves the original features of the village, but also develops new business formats." Xie Fengxia, secretary of the party branch of Beiguan Village, said that they are currently planning Song Dynasty-style businesses on the premise of completely protecting historical sites. Pedestrian blocks can effectively stimulate the vitality of traditional villages and lay an important foundation for the protection and sustainable development of traditional villages.
The protection of the traditional villages of Beiguan Village is only a microcosm of Jingxing County.
Since 2016, the State Administration of Cultural Heritage has supported the traditional village protection public welfare project implemented by the China Cultural Relics Conservation Foundation - "Action to Save Old Houses" in various places.
In order to better protect the ancient buildings and cultural relics in traditional villages, Jingxing County has selected people with certain knowledge of cultural relics and a strong sense of responsibility in each township, established a team of cultural relics, and organized township cultural relics responsible persons, cultural station chiefs, and cultural protection personnel. Participate in cultural relics legal and business training, improve cultural relics protection awareness and ability, establish a ledger for the protection and development of traditional villages, conduct a thorough investigation of fire protection of ancient buildings, hidden dangers of cultural relics, cultural relics preservation, etc., and actively conduct special inspections to reduce the safety of cultural relics hidden danger.
"On the basis of fully investigating the status quo of ancient villages and comprehensively judging factors such as building age, architectural style and building quality, we have explored four traditional village protection modes of 'preservation, protection, renovation, and renewal'." Jingxing County Cultural Protection Kang Jinxi, a staff member of the institute, said that the model is to preserve the original building, protect the original style of the building, carry out mandatory rectification on the part of the building facade and shape that does not conform to the historical style, and update the buildings that greatly affect the traditional architectural style.
In addition, Jingxing County compiled the "Traditional Village Area Protection Plan", etc., explored and implemented the "Contiguous Protection Project" focusing on famous towns, famous villages and traditional villages, and was rated as the first Chinese traditional village protection area in the country; On the display platform, by shooting feature films, printing books and pictures, formulating village regulations and conventions, etc., villagers are motivated to participate in protection spontaneously; central and provincial subsidy funds, beautiful village funds, social capital and other more than 700 million yuan are coordinated.
A series of measures have rejuvenated traditional villages and retained their historical roots for the study of ancient society, thought, culture, and folk customs.
Rural "net red" to help revitalize
The houses are simple and quiet, and the dramas are melodious and pleasant... This is the real situation of many ancient villages in Jingxing.
The protection of traditional villages not only pays attention to protecting the appearance of the ancient villages, but also works hard to dig deep into the connotations, so that the villages can be truly "lived", and the ancient villages that no one cared about in the past have turned into tourism "net red villages", attracting many tourists. Come.
In Jingxing, there is a tourist loop, which is like a fluttering jade belt. The 26 ancient villages of Xiulin Town, Tianchang Town, Yujia Town and Nanzhang Town in the county are stringed together into a line, forming a "one belt, three houses and nine scenery". It is a unique landscape with nostalgia for mountain dwellings, memories of terraced farming, and view of mountains, rocks, forests and greenery.
Lujia Village, Nanzhang Town, Jingxing County, is a bright pearl on this "Heavenly Road".
"All the villagers in our village are surnamed Lu, and the surname culture is the biggest feature of our place. The buildings such as Lv Yufeng Courtyard and Lv Jun Courtyard are all manifestations of this culture." Lv Jun, secretary of the party branch of Lvjia Village, introduced that at present, relying on the surname culture, idle Residential houses, etc., the village operates homestays, and uses Shicun streets and old stone houses as real scenes to create sketch bases and film and television bases. Tourists can stay and experience culture. Villagers collect rent, act as "housekeepers", and eat "tourism meals" .
All the way to the beautiful scenery, the folk customs all the way, the ancient times to explore the seclusion all the way... The "Heaven Road" in Jingxing and Taihang has become a road to wealth, protecting traditional villages and depicting a beautiful picture of "seeing the mountains, seeing the water, remembering nostalgia" Added a heavy touch.
Rescue, protect, utilize, and add "new resources" to ancient villages.
Today, Jingxing County takes the "concentrated and contiguous overall development of traditional villages" as the engine to build the Tianlu folk customs experience belt, the Mianhe ancient rhyme cultural tourism belt, etc., and combines the resource endowments of various traditional villages, classified protection and utilization, to create a "cultural, The characteristic tourism area with stories” constantly promotes the revitalization and utilization of historical buildings and the overall development of traditional villages and rural areas in the county.
"At the micro level, we are also deepening reforms in an all-round way, and strive to explore the 'multi-type' way of revitalizing and utilizing traditional buildings." Li Huiping introduced that by strengthening the construction of characteristic homestays, the village's mountain style will be displayed; according to the characteristics of traditional architectural space structure, the ancient villages will be refined. Catering, accommodation, experience and other functions; using the original stone carvings and farming tools of traditional villages to develop cultural tourism and daily necessities; combining folk opera with modern services to build new elements of ancient village life, etc.
The combination of "ancient" and "new", ancient villages are injecting strong impetus into rural revitalization with their unique northern folk cultural characteristics.