Solving the charging problem should be combined with blocking and dredging
【People's Livelihood Observation】
In recent years, electric bicycle battery explosion accidents have occurred from time to time.
In particular, a community in Tongzhou District, Beijing, caused 5 deaths when electric bicycles exploded while charging indoors, which once again sounded the alarm.
In fact, there have been regulations before that prohibiting electric vehicles from charging upstairs.
But why does this phenomenon continue to be banned repeatedly?
The reasons are as follows: First, the centralized charging facilities in many communities are seriously inadequate.
Based on the current number of electric bicycles, the country needs at least 150 million charging sockets, but in fact there are only about 5 million.
Second, the charges for public charging facilities are unreasonable.
Most of the existing charging facilities are for-profit products, and some public charging places are expensive, making it difficult for the public to accept long-term use.
Third, it is difficult to realize the ban on entering buildings and households.
Residents are worried about parking electric bicycles outdoors, and worry about the theft of batteries or electric bicycles.
In terms of the transformation of centralized charging facilities in old communities, the establishment of centralized charging facilities in new communities, and the establishment of intelligent charging cabinets in urban public areas, various localities have carried out beneficial explorations and achieved certain results.
First of all, there are currently three modes of pricing based on "time", pricing based on "power" and pricing based on "electricity", and charging based on volume is relatively reasonable.
For example, the Shandong Provincial Development and Reform Commission drafted the "Notice on Issues Concerning Electric Bicycle Electricity Price Policy (Draft for Solicitation of Comments)", which clarified that the unit of charging for electric bicycles is "yuan/kWh".
Secondly, it is very important to protect the interests of investors in electric bicycle charging piles.
Shijingshan District, Beijing is actively exploring a business model that is funded by the government, built by professional companies, and cooperated by units. The district financial service office coordinates the insurance company to incorporate the electric bicycle charging shed into the district’s public management comprehensive insurance. The district finances appropriations for maintenance every year , To ensure that the facilities are complete and easy to use.
This model not only solves the problems of uneven electricity prices and difficulty in site coordination, but also allows owners to get a good experience, and then develop a good habit of charging in the charging shed. The high utilization rate also speeds up the cost recovery of charging pile enterprises.
Once again, another way to achieve centralized charging is the battery swap mode, which reduces potential safety hazards through the "replacement charging" mode.
The traditional charging pile mode requires more than 1 hour, while the battery replacement only takes 3 to 5 minutes, and some even only takes 1 minute. The speed is quite fast, and it can be changed at any time according to personal needs.
The battery swap mode is more commonly used in commercial distribution service groups such as riders and couriers.
Among them, the "shared battery" service has attracted attention.
This service is similar to the "Shared Power Bank". It is simple to use and low in cost. You only need to sign a contract, pay a deposit, download an App, and you can rent a shared battery or rent a car, which is a great solution. The distribution staff has a large demand for the battery life of electric vehicles.
The essence of the battery swap mode is a new ecological business with the battery as the core, the battery swap cabinet as the service carrier, and the vehicle as the entry point.
This mode can effectively reduce potential safety hazards. Operators can know the battery charging status in real time. The switch cabinet has a networked monitoring function, and the cabinet is placed far away from flammable and explosive areas.
The battery swap mode is suitable for old communities without the problem of collective charging places, and it is also convenient for management.
At the level of policy support, it is necessary to speed up the construction of charging and replacement infrastructure, improve financial subsidies, and formulate related standards.
The first is to accelerate the construction of charging and replacing infrastructure.
It is recommended that the construction of electric bicycle charging and swapping networks be included in the national new infrastructure catalog, and local governments are encouraged to actively deploy; include "construction or transformation of centralized charging facilities in old communities and new residential communities" into key government projects, clarify annual plans, goals, and Strengthen supervision and implementation.
The second is to improve relevant support policies.
From the current public charging subsidy to "pile subsidy" as the main pattern, change to a charging and replacement mode with equal emphasis, and guide local governments to give "centralized charging stations" electricity subsidies.
The third is to increase the research and development and formulation of related technologies and standards.
Focus on supporting the research and development of core technologies for rechargeable electric bicycles, batteries, and electric cabinets.
Accelerate the promulgation of the national standard "Technical Specifications for Electric Bicycle Centralized Charging Facilities", formulate national standards or industry standards for smart charging and swapping cabinets as soon as possible, and improve the safety, compatibility and standardization of charging and swapping electric bicycles from the source.
At the level of main body cultivation, it is necessary to accelerate the development of leading companies, professional service companies and operating network platforms to jointly build an industrial ecosystem.
One is to focus on cultivating industry leaders.
Financial institutions can encourage relevant leading companies to actively explore diversified business models such as direct operation and franchising through loan interest discounts and investment subsidies.
The second is to accelerate the cultivation of professional service companies for the industrial chain.
Improve industrial supporting facilities and build a commercial support system for charging and replacing electricity.
Actively cultivate specialized operating companies such as electric bicycle repair, battery operation, maintenance and distribution, and charging pile financing and leasing.
The third is to establish a comprehensive operation platform.
Focusing on the needs of users, it realizes services such as booking, inquiry, payment and remote control of "Internet + charging and replacing batteries", expanding value-added services and enhancing user experience.
To solve the problem of parking and charging electric bicycles, multiple parties need to work together.
For example, the property company should provide reasonable solutions from the perspective of residents, the fire department should conduct scientific research on how to ensure the safety of charging carports in the community, and the community should coordinate the relationships among residents, businesses, and property parties.
(Author: Liu Wenting, Director of Security Technology and Service Research Office, Security Industry Institute, China Electronics Information Industry Development Research Institute)