The guardian of heritage and the jurist of Qur’anic studies reaped the fruits of the regenerative approach of her husband, Amin al-Khouli, and she survived its hardships and harms, and she was the first woman to receive the Faisal International Prize in Literature in 1994.

She taught in 9 Arab universities, and was honored by 6 Arab and Islamic countries, and submitted 63 books to the Arab and Islamic library and more than a thousand articles, and she believed that the innovator in the fundamentals must be fundamentalist in renewal, and for 20 years it remained a solid scientific pillar in the Faculty of Sharia at Al-Qarawiyyin University in Morocco.

22 years have passed since the departure of the guardian of heritage and the jurist of Quranic studies, Dr. Aisha Abdul Rahman (bint Al-Shati) (November 6, 1912-1330 / December 1998 AD-1419 AH), who witnessed an era by all standards, and her biography represented a faithful bridge for the convergence of generations. And making men, guarding heritage, and protecting the authority from all the elements of millet and income, and all impurities of mixing and messing about through an integrated project of her extended family.

In the personality of Dr. Aisha Abdul Rahman (the girl of the beach), many personalities met in one, and many phenomena converged in her path in one phenomenon. She is a model witness who combines with his thought, poetry, work, career and his companions the strongest proofs that authenticity is the key to contemporary, and that tradition is the gateway to renewal.

The Fiqh of Quranic Studies

Professor of interpretation and Quranic sciences at Al-Qarawiyyin University in the Kingdom of Morocco, a professor at 9 Arab universities, a companion of the Sheikh of the innovators in the fundamentals, and the sheikh of the fundamentalists in the renewal of the husband, Sheikh “Amin El-Khouly”, the vice-dean of the Faculty of Arts at Fouad I University (Cairo) and the caretaker of its mayoralty, those companions that left their traces and legacy And its students and disciples for half a century.

And through the "myth of time" - which I launched on the path of her life - and the "trustees" school, she worked on establishing modernity and updating originality.

Aisha Muhammad Ali Abd al-Rahman was born in mid-November 1912 in Damietta, in the northern Delta of Egypt, where her father was a teacher at the Religious Institute in Damietta, and her paternal grandfather and mother were among the Azharite sheikhs.

She memorized the Qur’an and its quality when she was under ten years of age, and she wanted to join Al-Azhar, but her father refused .. in light of the traditions observed in that era of preventing women from going out into the streets, and the desire not to educate girls from her generation, which she called the "generation of martyr victims."

So she entered the exam from abroad - homes - and obtained a certificate of competency for teachers in 1929, and her first ranking was on the Egyptian country, then she obtained a high school diploma (baccalaureate) with distinction, and joined the Faculty of Arts at Cairo University, to graduate in 1939 AD with the support of her mother .. where her father was Until then, he strongly refused her education and leaving the house, and with her persistence and excellence, she obtained a master's degree with first honors in 1941.

Her literary ability and intellectual personality were evident before she was a university student yet. Al-Ahram used to publish her articles on the Egyptian countryside on her front pages, as the second woman whose thought came to light on the front of Al-Ahram after Miss May Ziada.

She was also the editor and director of the magazine "Al-Nahda Al-Nisiya".

Then she continued her scientific career until she obtained her doctorate in 1950 AD on “the literature of Abu Ala al-Maari”, and Dr. Taha Hussein discussed her in a well-known scientific lesson at that time .. where Bint al-Shati was an applied model for the methodology of her husband and sheikh, Amin Al-Khouli, who was one of the most prominent heads Intellectual and literary at the Faculty of Arts, and he had his own approach to scientific research that his student Aisha drew, and the spirit and mind were imbued with her, from the first day to the last day of her life .. That approach is based on digesting the heritage of the former with a renewed awareness and conscious renewal, on the saying "We learn Of the ex, but we do not follow them. "

Amin Al-Khouli had a funny formula for encouraging his students to leapfrog, achieve and renew, and the meaning of this equation (i = a + g) means that the student must first equal his teacher, then add to him with the difference of time between them.

As for his literary method, he uses his framework (internal and external) to start by collecting sources and references, and all the causes of roses, investigation and documentation, both material and moral, and then immersed in understanding texts based on Arabic sciences and arts.

But the beach girl was very aware of what she was doing, for she took the best of Amin al-Khouli’s approach and his mental school in renewing the religion, and avoided the worst of it, as this school had its famous failings ... perhaps the most prominent of which is what was referred to by the late Dr. Abdul Halim Awais, professor of history and Islamic civilization. The one who sees that the girl’s fascination with Amin al-Khouli sometimes takes her away from the limits of methodological objectivity. She was dazzled by him by a student, and was very impressed with his vast culture and mastery of several foreign languages, in addition to his analytical mentality and spirit that opened her eyes to heritage again, and then contained her as a husband and gave birth to him 3 Sons of (Amina, Adiba, and Akmal), but - as Awais sees - she was more original and objective than her, especially in her last three decades, after his influence on her began to diminish ... and disappear with his hiding in the world of the unseen.

Pauses in the objectivity of the curriculum

In its early days, the Faculty of Arts at Cairo University was a scene of contradictions in curricula and head-grinding .. From (Ahmed Amin's) rational approach, and his founding of his intellectual school at Cairo University, to the research curriculum of Abu Fehr (Mahmoud Shaker) who left the university as a quarrel and anger at his professor Taha Hussein, and went to Before and after the curriculum, to come on the methodology of Cartesian doubt according to Taha Hussein, and undermine it from its foundations.

To the curriculum of Amin Al-Khouli (1895-1966 AD) and his renewal school, which Al-Shatt went through until it became involved in scientific disadvantages in the name of renewal, which was revealed through the master's thesis written by (Muhammad Ahmad Khalaf Allah) on (fictional art in the Qur’an) under the supervision of Amin al-Khouli. In it the historical validity of the Qur’anic stories, al-Khouli - who was nevertheless a lot of warning from the Orientalists and their twisted viewpoints - was not just a supervisor of the message, but he was a sponsor of this color of thought, a lawyer for it, arguing with falsity of the saying - falsely and in disguise - that he The Qur’an deals with a literary and historical approach. It was also the delinquency of Amin al-Khouli, with which the scholars of the Ummah disagreed, represented in his view of the Kharijites as the ideal image and the correct model representing the legal policy in Islam. He also saw that they were the loyal martyrs of freedom who raised “The judgment is only for God.” staff.

And the girl of the beach - despite her fascination with the sheikh the husband - escaped from the ravages, flaws and faults of his approach before it was too late .. and if she adopted his vision in dealing with the Qur’anic text - a graphic deal - then she won a great solution in this section .. and he is the writer of Arabism and Islam Mustafa Sadiq al-Rafi'i. The disagreement with the girl of the beach was always in the branches and margins, and it was never in the fundamentals and principles .. She was one of the few who prepared on the fingers of one hand, in the awareness of the jurisprudence of the Qur’an, and the controls of its analysis and interpretation, and its manifestations and clarifications, and this was evident in her two books “The Graphic Interpretation of the Qur’an.” The Holy Qur'an, and the graphic miracles of the Qur’an.

Modern interpretation of the Qur’an

This approach, which was adopted by the girl of al-Shati, was clearly evident in her battle related to (the modern interpretation of the Holy Qur’an), in which she simplified the saying in a special book, “The Qur’an and Modern Tafsir,” in which she presented her research energy and scientific evidence, and it was issued to the book, according to Imam Malik’s saying: “Not everyone likes to sit down to talk. And the fatwa sits, until the people of righteousness, merit and authority consult about it, and if they saw him for that, he sat, and I did not sit until 70 sheikhs of scholars testified to me that I am subject to that.

It has single out its castles and legislated all its scientific weapons in defense of the method of influence in the interpretation of the Noble Qur’an. She gave an example of her views in that school on the impact of this approach in her book “An Essay on Man” issued by Dar Al Ma'arif in Cairo in 1969 CE, as a systematic study subject to the most stringent controls .

The book is a study of the human issue from the beginning to the end, in which the girl of the beach reads the verses of the Qur’an statement on life and death, and in it the features of man are revealed with all his pride, greatness and strength, and contemplate what he carries on his transient journey to the world from the responsibility of his difficult faithfulness and the problems of existence and concerns of fate.

The old and the new books were an article and an example that she cast in the face of the prominent thinker Dr.

Mustafa Mahmoud when he started publishing his modern views in an attempt to a modern interpretation of the Holy Quran in Rose Al-Youssef newspaper.

The girl of Al-Shati opened her trigger and turned her battle in the most severe way ... saying, "I do not hesitate to speak out that there is no sanctity in us for someone who does not respect knowledge, but for him to lose every sanctity as soon as he is engaged in what he does not know, and his daring to say (I do not know what he does not know)." .

Indeed, it took a firm stand against the professor of Islamic philosophy at Cairo University, Prof. Dr. Othman Amin, and denied his claim to the so-called (the inner interpretation of the Holy Qur’an) when he entered the line in this battle alongside Dr. Mustafa Mahmoud, and this battle was conducted on the pages of Al-Ahram under the title: "This is a communication For people. "

Heritage Keeper

The beach girl was also on her complex journey between guarding the heritage, confronting the stormy reality, and balancing her personal life in which she moved from the sheikhdom’s house to the sheikhly’s house .. But the great discrepancy between the father’s very conservative sheikhdom and the husband’s highly developed and renewed sheikh forced the beach girl to be aware In her governorate, she is conservative in her awareness ... so that she can push her scientific treasury to the receiving market, the space for handling and circulation, and the readability of students and researchers.

She had a special number in her press space that had its own weight and consideration, as her permanent participation in Al-Ahram newspaper and other newspapers was a balanced window that kept up with the new and useful, without equivocation or retreat, according to the approach of her sheikh and her husband, Amin Al-Khouli, who adhered to his approach, and was freed from his defects. The trustees that Khouly established for rooting and review.

Dr. Aisha Abdul Rahman (bint Al-Shati) is almost evident on paper with all her personal and scientific features, because she and her husband Amin El-Khouly are children of a school that is based on criticism and review, examination and study, and not submitting to subjectivity or spontaneity in any learning or teaching process.

Hence, the girl of the beach is a whole, indivisible, and all does not separate, with all the troubles and affairs she bears.

It is not a half-figure, nor a quarter of a picture, nor the imagination of a writer, nor the vision of a thinker ... Rather it was and will remain .. one .. unique .. and a privilege .. between the women of the scientific, intellectual and literary renaissance in our Arab and Islamic world, and one of the most prestigious university names Which bears the originality of the ancestor and the aspirations of the successor, with honesty, awareness, inquiry and responsibility.

Bint Al-Shati fought the battles of social justice, political awareness, contemporary authenticity, reactionary and progressive, alienation and subordination, illiteracy and education, linguistic and Quranic studies between the original and the intruder, women and society ... and other issues that our Arab and Islamic society has gone through in the modern era.

In all of this, she was an example of the knowledgeable, rational Muslim woman in our ancient heritage, standing on the shores of the future with everything new, rational and useful.

She also concluded her journey to the Arabian Peninsula (the land of miracles) with her reciting poems, so that the Lord of the House may change our situation and improve our fortunes ... so she says in one of her poems:

Millions over time


from the

Hejaz and Iraq and Yemen


from the

banks of the

Nile until the

Atlantic


from the

Lord Sham and the

house of

Jerusalem


km saw her feast on me to


meet the

spirit and heart and Muna


shout feast rises in the

space of


our Lord Beck ,

O light of

heaven


our feast day GOM anger


refuses patience and Iszewoh Rapture


wound bleeding before the

wound Fever,

and he


returns the witness bitterly to Baalqam,


and the shouting of people in this

chandelier

on the


day of Eid al-Fitr in Umm al-Qura.


Our Lord, praise be to you.

As for her protection and guarding of the Qur’anic heritage in language and law, it happened and there is no embarrassment, for she was the best representative of a methodical school, which I sought from Amin al-Khouli, the school whose foundation is that killing the old is understood .. is the first of the new.