Four departments, including the Ministry of Education and the National Health Commission, recently jointly issued a notice and decided to launch the 8th National Myopia Prevention and Control Publicity and Education Month in March 2024 with the theme of "Effectively reducing the occurrence of myopia and jointly protecting a bright future".

It is required to carry out in-depth publicity and education on myopia prevention and control, vigorously popularize scientific methods of preventing and controlling myopia and the dangers of high myopia, and help children develop good eye habits.

　　Monitoring data from the National Administration of Disease Control and Prevention shows that the overall myopia rate among children and adolescents in my country in 2022 is 51.9% (including 36.7% in primary schools, 71.4% in junior high schools, and 81.2% in high schools).

Medical staff remind me that myopia is caused by the lengthening of the axial length of the eye, which is an irreversible process. At present, myopia can only be scientifically controlled to slow down the progression of myopia.

If you are found to be myopic, you should go to a regular ophthalmology medical institution for examination. The doctor will give corresponding treatment plans according to the situation.

　　Medical staff emphasized that if myopia is left unchecked, once it develops into high myopia, it may cause a variety of serious complications. In severe cases, it may even lead to blindness, which is irreversible.

Therefore, myopic children and adolescents should change their bad eye-use habits and participate in more outdoor activities.

　　Qiao Chunyan, chief physician of the Department of Ophthalmology at Beijing Tongren Hospital: It is recommended that children go outdoors to exercise more. Outdoor activities do not need to be done at night but during the day. Normal sunlight is enough, at least 1 to 2 hours a day.

　　Children with myopia exceeding 100 degrees should wear glasses

　　The four departments jointly issued a notice recently, clearly requiring guidance on timely correction of students with poor vision to achieve early prevention, early detection, early intervention and early correction of myopia.

So, at what degree of myopia does a child need to wear glasses?

Will my vision get worse after wearing glasses?

What are the signs that children need to be alert to that myopia has already occurred?

　　According to medical staff, generally speaking, for children who have myopia symptoms before school age, if the myopia degree is less than 100 degrees and there is no obvious impact on distance vision, they can postpone wearing glasses and review them regularly every 3 to 6 months; if the myopia degree is not significantly affected, When the temperature reaches or exceeds 100 degrees, causing a significant decrease in distance vision and affecting study and life, you should wear glasses.

　　Jieying, Director of the Ophthalmology Department of Beijing Tongren Hospital: First of all, we can see what his distance vision looks like at 100 degrees?

If the distance vision is relatively good, above 0.8, we can also observe in this case.

If his myopia is 100 degrees, his distance vision is already relatively poor. At this time, we consider correct glasses.

　　In addition, some parents are afraid that their children's vision will get worse and worse after wearing glasses, which will affect their appearance, so they do not let their children wear glasses.

This perception is completely wrong.

　　Qiao Chunyan, Chief Physician of the Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Hospital: After you put on your glasses, the glasses will help you adjust and actually make your eyes more relaxed. The ciliary muscles will not continue to spasm, which will actually delay the development of myopia.

The less you wear (glasses), the more your myopia will develop.

　　Medical staff reminded that in fact, myopia in children is mostly traceable.

For example, watching TV, computers, and books will be involuntarily close to each other; often squinting to see things; always looking at things with one side of the head; having the habit of rubbing eyes and frowning; often complaining about not being able to see clearly. , it is easy to knock things over etc.

　　Move the gateway forward to establish refractive files as early as possible

　　So, how can we promptly intervene in children’s incorrect eye-use behaviors to prevent the occurrence of myopia?

Experts remind that preventive measures such as evaluating hyperopic reserve status, establishing refractive development files, and strengthening graded management need to be carried out as early as possible.

　　Medical staff remind that when a baby is born, the eyeball is relatively small, so the eye axis is also shorter. At this time, the eyes are physiologically farsighted, also called "hyperopia reserve."

As age increases, the eyes will develop toward "emmetropia" and the "hyperopia reserve" will gradually decrease.

Factors such as genetics, lack of outdoor activities, and poor eye habits may cause the axial length of the eye to grow too fast.

If a child's "hyperopia reserve" is lower than the value for the corresponding age group, it means that the child's "hyperopia reserve" is consumed too much and may cause myopia earlier.

　　According to medical staff, the eyes of adolescents and children are in the developmental stage, and the refractive status fluctuates greatly. It is recommended that parents take their children to a regular eye hospital for an optometry examination every six months.

By establishing a refractive development file, we can understand the child's hyperopia reserve and gain a comprehensive understanding of the child's eye health.

　　Jie Ying, Director of the Ophthalmology Department of Beijing Tongren Hospital: After a newborn is born, his vision is actually very blurry. When he is about one year old, he may only have a vision of 0.1 or 0.2, and by the age of six or seven, his vision will basically develop to a vision of 0.8 or 1.0. , so in this process we try to understand each child's vision change and development speed during the growth and development process, so as to propose a personalized myopia prevention and control plan for each child.

(CCTV News Client)