Coinciding with International Women's Day designated by the United Nations, a group of university professors released the results of an analysis of the gender ratio in fields such as politics and economics.The results show that the ratio of women is particularly low in the field of politics, and the gender gap = The ``inequality between men and women'' has become clear.
*The second half of the article lists the top five and bottom five prefectures in each field of "politics," "administration," "education," and "economy."
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Kagoshima has moved up from 46th to 36th place.
Expert: “We have a responsibility to create a society where people can live freely”
Details of “Prefectural Gender Gap Index”
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table of contents
Kagoshima has moved up from 46th to 36th place.
Expert: “We have a responsibility to create a society where people can live freely”
Details of “Prefectural Gender Gap Index”
“Gender inequality” What is the current situation in each prefecture?
A group led by Professor Mari Miura of Sophia University analyzes the gender ratio by prefecture in four areas: politics, administration, education, and economics, and publishes the results every year in conjunction with International Women's Day.
This is the third time.
In the field of politics, we analyze the gender ratio in prefectural assemblies and municipal assemblies, and calculate an index for each prefecture, where "0" means gender inequality and "1" means gender equality. .
According to the results, Tokyo has the smallest gender gap at 0.352, followed by Kanagawa at 0.257, and Chiba at 0.252.
On the other hand, Yamanashi Prefecture had the largest gender gap at 0.138, followed by Miyazaki Prefecture at 0.139 and Saga Prefecture at 0.144.
In addition, Professor Miura, who conducted the analysis, found that although the index remained in the 0.1 range, ▽ Oita Prefecture increased from 44th to 26th, ▽ Kagawa Prefecture increased from 31st to 18th, and ▽ Kagoshima Prefecture increased from 46th to 36th, compared to last year. This was noted as a trend of improvement.
▽In Oita Prefecture, women were elected to the House of Councilors and Mayor, ▽In Kagawa Prefecture, the number of women on the prefectural assembly increased from 2 to 9, and ▽In Kagoshima Prefecture, the number of women on the prefectural assembly increased from 5 to 11. I think this is a factor.
Kagoshima has moved up from 46th to 36th place.
Kagoshima Prefecture improved its ranking in politics from 46th place last year to 36th place.
In last year's prefectural assembly election, the number of female members more than doubled from five to 11, and a new movement that transcends party affiliation is emerging to incorporate women's perspectives into policy.
In Kagoshima Prefecture, in the prefectural assembly election held in April last year, the number of female members more than doubled from 5 before the election to 11, the highest number ever, and 21.6% of the 51 seats. .
The number of female candidates in this election was 12, five more than in the previous election, and the highest number ever.
Percentage of female members of prefectural assemblies (as of April last year)
▼Tokyo 31.1%
▼Kagawa, Okayama, Kyoto, Kagoshima prefectures Over 20%
*Cabinet Office summary
Female members of the Diet said, ``I feel hopeful that women can solve the current sense of stagnation and issues facing local areas,'' and ``There are more voices expressing expectations for women to play an active role in politics than ever before.'' "There must have been high expectations for women's voices to be heard," she said.
Due to the increase in the number of female members, a total of 20 female members have asked questions at the prefectural assembly since June last year after the re-election, which is double the number of female members who have asked questions in the prefectural assembly in the year before the re-election. As a result of the above, many questions were raised regarding child rearing and education, including the payment of medical expenses for children.
Furthermore, in May of last year, a council was established with the aim of collaborating with female legislators across party lines and utilizing women's perspectives in policymaking.
As a result of discussions at the conference, it was decided to create a breastfeeding space that could be used by new spectators, and to convert the restrooms in the council building, which had previously been reserved for men, to be for women. This means that there are equal numbers of men and women.
The council also raised issues such as the fact that some prefectural departments have few female employees, and that there are town and village councils in the prefecture that have no female members.They said, ``We need to change education so that there are more career options.'' Opinions were exchanged such as, ``It is important to disseminate policies that make it easier for women to work and to have and raise children.''
The council will call for the enactment of ordinances regarding gender equality, which has not been enacted in approximately 60% of municipalities in the prefecture.
Seiko Yanagi, coordinator of the Prefectural Assembly Female Members of Parliament `
`I think there was a perception that there were few women in the political world, but I would like to change the awareness of prefectural citizens regarding gender.Both men and women, regardless of gender, We need human resources in the assembly, and I would be very grateful if people would notice that the female members of the prefectural assembly are working together and start talking to them again."
Expert: “We have a responsibility to create a society where people can live freely”
Professor Mari Miura of Sophia University, who conducted the analysis, commented on the survey results, saying, ``The gender disparity was particularly large in the field of politics.This means that women are not fully participating in decision-making and political life. Politics is a place where policies and budget allocations are decided, so if women are not involved there is a risk that policies will be drawn up that are disadvantageous to women." .
Regarding Kagoshima Prefecture's ranking rising from 46th place last year to 36th place, he said, ``I thought there was a climate in the region that made it difficult for women to participate, but now women make up more than 20% of the prefectural assembly. If there is a growing momentum to push women out, and if there are initiatives like this where female members form a network and support each other to push out new candidates, it will become easier for women to come forward."
On top of that, Professor Miura pointed out that it is necessary to create a system to increase the number of female members of parliament, saying, ``It is also effective to increase opportunities for women to be involved in parliament and government in some way.For example, holding mock parliaments, It is important to actively engage in a variety of initiatives, such as engaging in citizen participation by discussing local issues, and creating mechanisms for women to express their opinions on local government policies to encourage women to participate.'' Masu.
Regarding the significance of promoting efforts to eliminate the gender gap, she said, ``Right now, there is a huge gap between the ``norm'' of gender equality and the ``reality''. If the reality is different, we will lose hope for the future. I think we have a responsibility to create a society where people can live freely, whether they are men or women, or whatever gender they are." .
Details of “Prefectural Gender Gap Index”
These are the top five and bottom five prefectures in the four fields of politics, administration, education, and economics published in this year's "Prefectural Gender Gap Index."
An index is calculated for each prefecture, where "0" means gender inequality, and the closer it gets to "1", the more gender equality.
Tokyo ranks first in politics
In the political field, six indicators are used, including the gender ratio of elected members of the constituency, prefectural assemblies, and the number of years in office of past governors.
Top ranking is 1st place Tokyo (0.352) 2nd place Kanagawa Prefecture (0.257) 3rd place Chiba Prefecture (0.252) 4th place Osaka Prefecture (0.248) 5th place Yamagata Prefecture (0.244)
Bottom place is 47th place Yamanashi Prefecture (0.138) 46th place Miyazaki Prefecture (0.139) 45th place Saga Prefecture (0.144) 44th place Toyama Prefecture (0.146) 43rd place Ishikawa Prefecture (0.147)
Tottori Prefecture ranks first in the administrative field
In the administrative field, 10 indicators are used, including gender disparities in childcare leave taking rates among prefectural and municipal managers and prefectural employees.
Top ranking is 1st place Tottori prefecture (0.439) 2nd place Fukui prefecture (0.372) 3rd place Tokushima prefecture (0.357) 4th place Shimane prefecture (0.356) 5th place Fukuoka prefecture (0.343)
Bottom place is 47th place Hokkaido (0.211) 46th place Yamanashi prefecture ( 0.218) 45th place Chiba Prefecture (0.233) 44th place Miyazaki Prefecture (0.236) 43rd place Kagoshima Prefecture (0.237)
Hiroshima prefecture ranks first in the education field
In the field of education, seven indicators are used, including the gender gap in the rate of admission to four-year universities, the gender ratio of principals of elementary, junior high and high schools, and the members of prefectural boards of education.
The top ranking is 1st place, Hiroshima Prefecture (0.68), 2nd place, Tokushima Prefecture (0.675), 3rd place, Tokyo (0.674), 4th place, Toyama Prefecture (0.669), 5th place, Kanagawa Prefecture (0.667), and the
bottom place is 47th place, Hokkaido (0.519), 46th place, Oita Prefecture ( 0.533) 45th place Saitama Prefecture (0.542) 43rd place Fukushima Prefecture (0.543) 43rd place Yamanashi Prefecture (0.543)
Tottori Prefecture ranks first in the economic field
In the economic field, seven indicators are used, including the wage gap between men and women in full-time jobs, the gender gap in time spent on housework and childcare in dual-income households, and the ratio of men to women in the number of presidents.
The top ranking is 1st place, Tottori Prefecture (0.452), 2nd place, Kochi Prefecture (0.45), 3rd place, Tokyo (0.449), 4th place, Tokushima Prefecture (0.448), 5th place, Okinawa Prefecture (0.447), and the
bottom place is 47th place, Hokkaido (0.403), 46th place, Mie Prefecture ( 0.405) 45th place Nagasaki Prefecture (0.413) 44th place Shiga Prefecture (0.414) 42nd place Chiba Prefecture (0.415) 42nd place Shizuoka Prefecture (0.415)
Minister for Women's Empowerment Kato: ``Have a sense of ownership''
At a press conference after the Cabinet meeting, Minister of State for Women's Empowerment Kato said, ``In the political field, there are difficulties in balancing candidacies and parliamentary activities with family life, which is exactly what I have experienced myself. "I think there are many aspiring female politicians who are facing difficulties because of the harassment of women and others," she said.
She added, ``In order to create an environment in which it is easier for women to participate in politics, I would like to continue efforts such as encouraging local assemblies to develop meeting rules that support the balance between parliamentary activities and family life. I would like to firmly support them."