Can Cancer be Prevented | World Cancer Day
February 4th is World Cancer Day.
With the development of society, people's awareness of cancer prevention has gradually increased, but most people still do not know how to prevent cancer scientifically. A good lifestyle is important in preventing cancer.
At least 40% of cancers are preventable
Cancer prevention can be divided into primary prevention, secondary prevention and tertiary prevention.
Primary prevention, also called etiology prevention, is mainly to identify and eliminate risk factors and causes, prevent the occurrence of cancer, and reduce the risk of cancer.
Secondary prevention should achieve early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment. The main methods include cancer prevention physical examination, general cancer screening, monitoring of high-risk groups, improving early diagnosis capabilities, and eradicating precancerous lesions.
Tertiary prevention is targeted at cancer patients. It mainly refers to improving the survival rate of patients with intermediate and advanced cancer through standardized multidisciplinary comprehensive treatment, improving the quality of life of patients, and preventing tumor recurrence and metastasis.
If everyone can enhance their awareness of cancer prevention and maintain a healthy lifestyle, at least 40% of cancers can be prevented from the source, which is primary prevention.
Healthy lifestyle helps prevent cancer
A healthy lifestyle cannot prevent the occurrence of all cancers, but a large number of studies have confirmed that any changes aimed at developing a healthy lifestyle will reduce the risk of cancer to a certain extent. So, how can we stay away from cancer in our daily lives?
1
Change bad lifestyle. Quitting smoking and limiting alcohol, eating a balanced diet, exercising moderately, and having a good mood can effectively prevent the occurrence of some cancers. Taking healthy diet as an example, we advocate eating less and more meals, less salt and more lightness, less aged and more fresh, less hard and more soft, less meat and more vegetarian food, less wine and more tea, less fried and more stewed, less blanched and more warm, less smoked and more stir-fried. wait.
2
Pay attention to carcinogens. Cancer is not contagious, but some bacteria (such as Helicobacter pylori) and viruses (such as human papillomavirus, hepatitis virus, Epstein-Barr virus, etc.) that are closely related to cancer are contagious. Maintain personal hygiene and a healthy lifestyle, such as promoting the use of serving chopsticks to prevent Helicobacter pylori infection.
3
Stay away from carcinogens around you. There are many clear carcinogens around us, such as formaldehyde, aflatoxin, nitrite, etc. Be careful to avoid eating moldy food and eat less fried and pickled food.
4
vaccination. Vaccination against human papillomavirus can prevent cervical cancer and many other cancers. Vaccination against hepatitis B can prevent hepatitis B virus infection, which is a high risk factor for liver cancer. Vaccination can prevent infection with related bacteria and viruses. It is recommended to get vaccinated as soon as possible.
5
Stay optimistic. A good attitude is a good medicine for preventing and fighting cancer. Maintaining an optimistic mood is conducive to maintaining a normal and reasonable life.
6
Choose a personalized cancer checkup. Current medical testing technologies can detect most common cancers at an early stage. For example, low-dose spiral CT of the chest can screen for lung cancer, ultrasound combined with mammography can screen for breast cancer, and gastrointestinal endoscopy can screen for digestive tract cancer. Choosing personalized physical examination items is the key to improving the early diagnosis rate of cancer.
In addition to doing a cancer prevention physical examination, everyone must also be alert to the early symptoms of cancer. The effectiveness of cancer treatment and patient survival time are closely related to the sooner or later the cancer is discovered. The earlier cancer is detected, the better the treatment and the longer the patient will survive. When there are abnormal lumps in the body, blood in the sputum, painless hematuria, or changes in the color and texture of the stool, you should go to the hospital in time.
Author: Expert from the National Health Science Popularization Expert Database
Chen Xiaobing, chief physician of the Department of Oncology, Henan Cancer Hospital
Planning: Tan Jia Wang Ning
(Healthy China WeChat public account)