Schools, families, and society should coordinate treatment [The detection rate of mental health problems among primary and middle school students continues to rise]
□ Our reporter Pu Xiaolei
In recent years, the detection rate of mental health problems and the incidence of mental diseases and emotional disorders among primary and secondary school students in my country have continued to rise, and psychological problems such as depression, anxiety, and self-injury among primary and secondary school students have frequently occurred, which has become an important factor affecting the healthy growth of adolescents and comprehensively promoting the construction of a healthy China. question.
"The mental health of children and adolescents has become a public health problem that cannot be ignored. Strengthening the popularization and deepening of psychological education for primary and middle school students has become an urgent problem that needs to be solved in the work of current education and teaching units." Member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, Heilongjiang Provincial Liaison Committee of the Democratic Progressive Party Deputy Director Zhang Zhongkai said.
Whether it is to strengthen the popularization of psychological education for primary and middle school students, or to discover, identify, diagnose and treat mental health problems, professional personnel, technology and places are needed.
However, Li Xiaoxuan, member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, vice chairman of the Yunnan Provincial Committee of the Democratic Progressive Committee, and executive principal of Yunnan Business College, found that there are prominent problems such as insufficient supply of youth mental health and professional services, and cannot cope with these challenges well.
During the first meeting of the 14th National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, the Central Committee of the Democratic Progressive Party submitted a collective proposal of "Building a Collaborative Management System for the Mental Health of Primary and Secondary School Students", suggesting to speed up the establishment of a school, family, and society trinity mental health management mechanism for students, and to strengthen the mental health of primary and secondary schools. Guidance and support for health management, optimization of mental health resource coordination and diagnosis and treatment mechanisms for primary and middle school students.
Insufficient social resources
In recent years, the occurrence of mental health problems among primary and middle school students is on the rise.
The Central Committee of the Democratic Progressive Institute found that there are currently three main problems in the mental health work of primary and middle school students in my country:
The mental health management and diagnosis and treatment system of primary and middle school students lack coordination.
Led by education, health and other administrative departments, the school, family, and society trinity mental health management system for primary and secondary school students has not yet been established; many primary and secondary school students' mental health problems are not discovered and referred in a timely manner.
The school's mental health management capacity needs to be improved.
There is a lack of students' mental health identification and management courses in teachers' on-the-job and daily teaching work training; there is a lack of mental health education materials (guidelines, manuals) suitable for front-line teachers in practice, and insufficient training resources; Relevant curriculum standards are few, and tutoring materials are scarce.
Social resources for students' mental health management are insufficient.
Public hospitals have a large gap in mental health resources and low investment, and there is a lack of mental health diagnosis and treatment resources for adolescents.
The qualifications of social psychological counseling institutions are insufficient, false, and the fees are chaotic.
The supervision of new social business forms that endanger the mental health of young people is not in place.
Li Xiaoxuan pointed out that with the rapid economic and social development, the incidence of psychological problems and mental disorders among young people has increased year by year, and the problem of insufficient supply of professional services for young people is more prominent.
"Mental health resources are severely underinvested. There are not enough psychiatric beds or professional doctors in county hospitals. The ability to deal with them is insufficient, and the brain drain is serious. Under the shortage of professional psychological counselors, there are many phenomena such as organizing certification exams in violation of regulations and abusing psychological scales. Psychotropic drugs cause secondary harm to patients. Mental health education in schools lags behind, and there are generally problems such as a small number of psychological teachers, many part-time jobs, lack of counseling facilities, and crowded class hours. Some rural primary and secondary schools have not yet offered mental health education courses. Formalization, screening, and marginalization are widespread, and consultation, screening, follow-up, diagnosis and treatment are out of touch with each other." Li Xiaoxuan said.
School Monitoring Intervention
To solve the mental health problems of primary and middle school students, it is necessary to accelerate the establishment of a school, family, and society trinity student mental health management mechanism.
In this regard, the Democratic Progressive Center suggested that every school should establish a monitoring plan and intervention plan for students' psychological problems to ensure the level of identification of psychological problems and the quality of educational interventions, and form a linkage mechanism for ordinary teachers to discover problems in a timely manner and mental health education teachers to quickly intervene and deal with them. And make it a school routine.
Regularly organize teachers to carry out educational psychology training, and take students' ability to discover and identify psychological problems as an important part of the head teacher's induction training.
Establish a communication mechanism for parents of primary and middle school students' mental health problems, and help parents establish family psychological education awareness through daily contact. When students have signs of psychological problems, they should communicate with parents in a timely manner.
When a student's psychological problem is beyond the scope of the school and family's ability, transfer to a professional mental health institution as soon as possible through the referral mechanism for diagnosis and treatment and help with rehabilitation.
"It is the common responsibility of schools, families and society to establish a channel for close communication between schools and society, and between schools and families, and to build a collaborative system to provide mental health counseling to students." Zhang Zhongkai proposed to establish a coordinated and linked mental health education work system.
Zhang Zhongkai suggested that education and teaching units should make full use of the multi-angle, multi-level, and full-coverage publicity of mental health education by various publicity units in the society, popularize mental health education for parents through various forms, and jointly guide and help parents of students to establish a correct mental health education. Psycho-educational concept, to influence the education of children with good behavior and correct way.
Give full play to the advantages of all parties to jointly promote the construction and improvement of a trinity mental health education coordination and linkage work system of "school, family, and society".
Strengthen prospective research
In recent years, adolescent mental health problems have shown a trend of younger age.
At the same time, some emerging business forms have induced new hidden dangers, which have had a considerable impact on the mental health of young people.
Li Xiaoxuan bluntly stated that some unhealthy elements such as different worlds, horror, bloody violence, split personality, and soul possession are mixed in certain script killing business projects, causing some young people to have serious psychological disorders, and even induce crimes. Not optimistic.
In this regard, the Central Committee of the Democratic Progressive Party and several CPPCC National Committee members put forward a "two-pronged" proposal in the proposal-not only to increase the supply of professional mental health services, but also to strictly supervise products and activities involving minors.
The Democratic Progressive Center proposes to optimize the overall planning of mental health resources and the diagnosis and treatment mechanism for primary and middle school students.
Increase investment in and construction of the mental health service system for adolescents, and jointly study and establish a series of standard procedures for early detection and early intervention, referral from schools to professional mental health institutions, and treatment and recovery by the education administrative department and the health department to guide related work.
The construction of psychological outpatient clinics has been strengthened, and county-level hospitals have achieved full coverage of adolescent mental health specialties.
Increase efforts to build a team of adolescent psychiatrists, and increase training for psychiatrists to solve adolescent mental health problems.
Consider including depression and other mental illnesses in medical insurance outpatient chronic diseases.
At the same time, strengthen prospective research on the impact of new social formats on the mental health of young people. Products and activities involving minors should be strictly supervised, and the pre-examination of whether they affect the mental health of young people should be carried out based on the principle of "most beneficial to minors".
Severely crack down on false propaganda, deceptive marketing, abuse of scales and psychotropic drugs, and high fees in psychological counseling institutions, and resolutely ban unqualified institutions.
Li Xiaoxuan suggested that a regular evaluation mechanism for school mental health education should be established, and schools should be supervised to make up for shortcomings in mental health education. Big data technology should be used to establish a screening mechanism for high-risk students and timely intervention.
Implement the "one policy for a lifetime" mental health archives, effectively change the formalization, marginalization, and inspection of mental health education, and turn "soft indicators" into "hard constraints."
At the same time, consolidate the main responsibility of the school, increase the proportion of mental health education class hours, carry out in-depth education on the theme of cherishing life, and strengthen students' outlook on life.
In addition, the proportion of social practice classes in primary and secondary schools should be increased, and students should be guided to adjust themselves while integrating and interacting with nature, so as to reduce psychological pressure and prevent psychological problems.
Li Xiaoxuan proposed that public products such as escape rooms and script killings be included in the scope of legislation and law revision supervision, establish a pre-censorship and restrictive classification mechanism, track and monitor in a timely manner, and support the creation of educational, legal reasoning, and main theme entertainment products.
In addition, explore the establishment of a youth mental health monitoring network platform, speed up the revision of diagnostic criteria (ICD and DSM diagnostic systems), and strengthen comprehensive governance in the field of psychological counseling.
It is also necessary to increase the punishment for the abuse of psychological scales and the abuse of psychotropic drugs.