China News Agency, Beijing, February 25th (Reporter Feng Zhijun) How can the Dunhuang cultural preservation technology, which has entered the international advanced level, better demonstrate its strengths?
The National People's Congress and the Deputy Director of the Protection and Research Department of the Dunhuang Research Institute, Wang Wanfu, recently accepted an exclusive interview with a reporter from China News Agency, saying that the complete set of Dunhuang cultural relic preservation technology, which has been "cultivated" by international cooperation for decades, will take the lead in " Promotion and application along the Belt and Road.
As the cultural and museum management institution with the largest number of world cultural heritages in China and the widest cross-regional range, and the world's largest research entity of Dunhuang studies, the Dunhuang Academy has explored "crossing the river by feeling the stones" for nearly 80 years and decades of international cooperation , not only made the "patient-ridden" Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes "turn the crisis into safety", but also summed up various protection techniques for different cultural relics in the process of cultural relic protection.
The Mogao Grottoes, a world cultural heritage known as the "treasure house of oriental art", combines the imprints of the four major civilizations in the world, but the history of more than a thousand years with folk construction as the main body is full of ups and downs, accompanied by ups and downs of rise, abandonment, and rebirth. It was not until the official implementation of management for nearly 80 years that it gradually regained its vitality.
"Sweeping sand in Mogao Grottoes" is the memory of the first meeting that generations of old people who have rooted in Mogao Grottoes often talk about, which also reflects the unoptimistic protection status of this ancient heritage at that time.
Wang Wanfu, who has guarded the Mogao Grottoes for more than 30 years, also has a similar unforgettable experience.
"Clear the accumulated sand, strengthen the cliff body, and restore the murals..." Wang Wanfu said, "saving lives first, then curing diseases" is the urgent need for Mogao Grottoes after it was included in the official protection.
In the 1960s, the protection of Mogao Grottoes ushered in the on-site teaching of Czechoslovak cultural relic preservation experts, which opened the way for international cooperation in Dunhuang cultural relic preservation technology.
In the following decades, the Dunhuang Academy has continued to communicate and cooperate with various overseas institutions, such as the 30-year friendly cooperation with the Getty Foundation and the Getty Conservation Institute in the United States, which has become a model of international cooperation in the field of Chinese cultural relics.
"Through international cooperation, many problems have been solved." Wang Wanfu said that the sandstorm disaster at Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang has been alleviated, and "light clouds and light wind" has gradually become the norm; the preventive protection monitoring and early warning system of Mogao Grottoes has begun to take shape; 289 Digital photographic collection of 3 caves, 3D reconstruction of 140 caves and 7 large ruins.
Wang Wanfu said that the Dunhuang Academy has successively carried out various forms of exchanges and cooperation with more than 30 institutions in more than 10 countries and regions including the United States, Japan, the United Kingdom, Australia, and France, as well as more than 40 domestic scientific research institutes and colleges. Cooperation, comprehensively explore the scientific protection of cultural heritage, and cultivate a large number of professional technical and management talents in the field of grottoes, murals, earthen sites and digital protection of cultural relics.
In recent years, Dunhuang Cultural Heritage Protection Technology has not only undertaken more than 100 key cultural relics protection projects in China, rescued a large number of endangered ancient sites, but also led the development direction of Chinese cultural heritage protection research, aiming at the frontier hotspots in the field of international cultural heritage protection, and cooperated with Kyrgyzstan and Afghanistan, etc. The countries along the "Belt and Road" have reached cooperation intentions, and the complete set of cultural preservation technologies will be promoted and applied locally.
"Through science and technology empowering culture, Dunhuang culture can be integrated into public life." Wang Wanfu said that the Chinese and English versions of the "Digital Dunhuang Resource Library" have been launched successively, realizing the global sharing of high-definition images of 30 caves in Dunhuang Grottoes.
In the future, using artificial intelligence technology to analyze digital images can better expand and improve the breadth and depth of cultural heritage value dissemination, and continuously expand new research directions.
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