How many steps will it take to "move" a 7,500-ton building 500 meters away?

　　◎Reporter Wang Yanbin and correspondent Zhang Zhiwen

　　"Move" a 7,500-ton building 500 meters away without any damage. This scene happened in Hainan Province recently.

In 5 hours, the engineering team of Shandong Jianzhu University completed this rare move and created the largest trailer relocation single project in China, and it is also the world's first largest and heaviest project using fan-shaped trailer relocation.

　　Where are the challenges in "moving" a skyscraper?

How to achieve?

To this end, a reporter from Science and Technology Daily interviewed Zhang Xin, a professor at Shandong Jianzhu University and director of the Key Laboratory of Building Reinforcement Structure Renovation and Underground Space Engineering of the Ministry of Education.

　　systems engineering involving multiple disciplines

　　Due to the need for environmental protection of the coastline, a local hotel in Hongtang Bay, Hainan is going to be demolished, but the cost of demolition and reconstruction is expensive, and the cost of translation is only half of the cost of demolition and reconstruction. Therefore, the hotel found the team of Professor Zhang Xin.

　　Over the past 30 years, based on the Engineering Appraisal and Reinforcement Research Institute of Shandong Jianzhu University, the team has moved and "moved" 46 buildings in total. Ministerial awards, accumulated a lot of experience.

　　In 2000, the team "moved" an 8-story office building in Linyi, Shandong Province by more than 170 meters, astonishing the construction industry. This move also established the team's leading position in the field of architectural translation.

　　However, even so, when they got the architectural drawings of the hotel, they also made difficulties.

The building weighs a total of 7,500 tons and needed to be moved 500 meters away.

　　Zhang Xin told reporters that the hotel is a nearly L-shaped or fan-shaped plane. Compared with the previous regular buildings, the weight of the superstructure of this irregular building is uneven. The uniform load can be borne smoothly. During the whole translation process, the building must be kept level, which is a major difficulty in the project.

　　Cutting and separating the old building from the original foundation, loading it directly, and moving it to the designated location is the building translation technology.

And "moving" a building, how many disciplines are involved?

　　Zhang Xin told the reporter that the truncation, underpinning, and connection of building structures are the work of structural engineering; the treatment of foundations, settlement control, and deviation correction of buildings involve geotechnical engineering; and reinforcement after moving Inorganic binders used in construction require people with a major in material engineering to tackle key problems.

　　In order to transport this irregular giant, Zhang Xin's team plans to put the building on a hydraulic flatbed trailer for translation. Each vehicle has 16 wheels that can steer independently, which can achieve various extreme transportation requirements such as translational movement and in-situ rotation. , but the entire building is too heavy, and a trailer is far from meeting the demand.

　　Dozens of experiments to find the optimal solution

　　"The translation route is best to be a straight line, and to achieve a straight line movement, the most ideal solution is that all vehicles drive in the same direction." Tan Tianle, deputy director of the Second Design Institute of the Reinforcement Institute of Shandong Jianzhu University, said, "But if all vehicles The driving direction is one direction, and some vehicles will conflict with their own structural columns during the driving process. Through calculation, we found that the scheme of deploying vehicles in the same direction is not feasible.”

　　A trailer can't be pulled, and the same direction cloth car can't move.

Past experience cannot meet the current engineering situation. Zhang Xin's team finally found the optimal solution after analyzing the main stress points of the building and through a large number of calculations after 3 months.

　　"We finally chose the fan-shaped vehicle distribution method, and the direction of the vehicle is consistent with the direction of the column grid." Zhang Xin said, "The force of this scheme is reasonable, and if this horizontal vehicle layout scheme is adopted at the same time, it will save costs and save costs." vehicle."

　　The axle is the key to keep the hydraulic flatbed trailer moving stably, one axle can bear the weight of 50 tons of the building.

Due to the large size and heavy weight of the irregular building, Zhang Xin's team first selected a 256-axle flatbed truck to tow the building, and each axle used a computer to set the route in advance.

　　The car was finally able to move, but the 500-meter driving route on the site was full of bumps and holes. How to make the car "carry" the building and move steadily and well?

Zhang Xin's team started experimenting again.

　　Tan Tianle introduced: "The translation route designed by our team is to move along a plane. In this way, the low places of the original site should be filled and the high places should be dug out. In addition, the site should be compacted and a layer of water stabilization should be made on the top. Before the translation, it is necessary to conduct a road test of the entire site, and let the vehicle carry the counterweight to walk the entire site once to ensure that the site can meet the requirements of the translation project during the translation process.”

　　Although the problem was solved, Zhang Xin's team, who had completed 46 translation projects, still had to conduct precise tests on the moved buildings every day before the translation, and did not dare to slack off at all.

Zhang Xin said frankly: "Every project has to be repeatedly deliberated, analyzed, and calculated. Every project is still very stressful. The risk of translation projects like this is relatively high. It is common to be so nervous that it is difficult to sleep."

　　The day of translation finally came. With the precise cooperation of Zhang Xin's team, after 5 hours, the hotel as a whole was smoothly "moved" to the prefabricated site 500 meters away.