Recently, a screenshot of "About the XBB. Prohibition of taking norfloxacin" once rushed to the hot search.

　　What is Norfloxacin?

Why are minors prohibited from taking it?

What do you need to prepare for a family with children?

　　Previously, the official website of the State Food and Drug Administration suggested that every family should prepare a family medicine box for their children, keep it as simple as possible, and only prepare some commonly used medicines and relatively safe medicines.

Many people around me will use antibacterial drugs on their own when they have a cold and a fever, but fever does not mean infection, let alone bacterial infection.

　　In fact, fever is only a symptom, not the cause of the disease. Fever is part of the body's immune mechanism. Finding the cause of fever is very important.

There are many reasons for fever, in addition to infectious, there are connective tissue diseases, tumors, drug fever.

Even if it is infectious, it also includes different pathogens such as viruses, bacteria, and fungi.

Common colds are mostly caused by viruses, and drug treatment is mainly based on symptomatic treatment and relief of cold symptoms.

Antibacterial drugs can only kill or inhibit bacteria. When there is no bacterial infection, it is ineffective to use antibacterial drugs.

Taking antibacterial drugs at the beginning of a cold is not only useless for treatment, but also causes adverse drug reactions and bacterial resistance.

Only when frequent cough occurs after a cold, accompanied by symptoms of secondary bacterial infection such as yellow sticky phlegm, fever, and sore throat, you should go to the hospital for examination, and the doctor will choose corresponding antibacterial drugs for treatment according to the condition.

　　Moreover, there are many types of antibacterial drugs, each of which has its own characteristics, and should be selected appropriately according to different groups of people, diseases, and pathogens.

After the child is sick, parents cannot use medicines without authorization, and doctors should decide whether to use antibiotics.

When using antibacterial drugs, try to use narrow-spectrum antibiotics instead of broad-spectrum antibiotics, and try not to use them in combination.

　　Norfloxacin, a kind of broad-spectrum antibiotic, can hinder the action of DNA gyrase of pathogenic bacteria in the human digestive tract after people take it, and hinder the replication of bacterial DNA, thereby inhibiting the bacteria.

It is often used for diarrhea caused by bacteria, such as enteritis and dysentery, but it is ineffective for diarrhea caused by viruses.

Because in acute diarrhea, it is mostly caused by viral infection, so when diarrhea symptoms appear, you must find out the cause and then take the corresponding medicine, and do not take this medicine indiscriminately.

It should be noted that norfloxacin can hinder the growth and development of bones, so minors under the age of 18 are prohibited from taking norfloxacin.

The State Food and Drug Administration teaches you to prepare children's medicine kits

　　In October 2019, the State Drug Administration released information on its official website to guide the public on how to prepare children's medicine kits at home.

　　The State Food and Drug Administration recommends that every family should prepare a family medicine box for their children, keep it as simple as possible, and only prepare some commonly used and relatively safe medicines.

Specifically include:

antipyretic analgesics

　　Acetaminophen: short-term use of conventional doses, less adverse reactions; long-term use of large doses, liver toxicity may occur.

The minimum applicable age is 3 months, and children under 1 year old should follow the doctor's advice when taking medicine.

Repeated use at intervals of 4-6 hours, no more than 4 times a day.

　　Ibuprofen: fewer adverse reactions, effective and long-lasting treatment of high fever in children.

The minimum applicable age is 6 months, and the medicine under 6 months should follow the doctor's advice.

Repeat use at intervals of 6 hours, no more than 4 times a day.

Antidiarrheals and gastrointestinal conditioning drugs

　　Montmorillonite powder: "physical" antidiarrheal, can form a protective film in the intestinal tract, which can effectively stop diarrhea, but excessive use can cause constipation.

　　Oral rehydration salts: can be used for electrolyte disturbance and dehydration symptoms caused by diarrhea.

　　Probiotics: It can regulate the disorder of intestinal flora in a two-way way, not only to treat diarrhea, but also to relieve constipation.

Commonly used are Bifidobacterium triple live bacteria, Bacillus subtilis double live bacteria, Bacillus licheniformis live bacteria, Saccharomyces boulardii powder, etc. You can choose the appropriate type according to your child's situation.

laxative

　　Kaisailu: The main ingredient is glycerin, which is a good helper for children when they are constipated.

　　Lactulose: a mild laxative with few adverse reactions, but long-term or large-scale use may cause diarrhea.

Constipation in children is generally temporary and can be adjusted through diet. Foods such as prune juice, apple juice, and pear juice contain ingredients that relieve constipation, which can effectively improve constipation.

External use

　　Calamine Lotion: Applied to the itchy area, it can effectively relieve the symptoms of skin itching.

　　Band-aids and povidone iodine: When children have skin trauma, povidone iodine can be used for disinfection; waterproof, sterilized and other types of band-aids can be prepared at all times, and appropriate band-aids can be selected according to the wound condition.

other

　　In addition, medical gauze, medical tape, medical cotton swabs, measuring cups and droppers, thermometers, etc. should be kept in the medicine box.

　　The State Food and Drug Administration also reminded that children are not miniature adults, because their important organs such as liver and kidney are still developing and have not fully matured. "Take it.

　　After adults take medicine, many drug ingredients are not easy to damage the brain through the blood-brain barrier, and the blood-brain barrier function of children is not yet fully developed, and some drug ingredients will pass through the blood-brain barrier and cause damage to the brain of children.

Therefore, be sure to let children take children's dosage forms of medicines, and don't just reduce the dose of adult medicines to children.

　　Children have different tolerance and responsiveness to drugs than adults, and drugs that can be used in adults may be contraindicated or used with caution in children.

　　Quinolone antibacterial drugs, norfloxacin and other floxacin drugs may inhibit cartilage development, and are contraindicated for minors under the age of 18.

　　Aminoglycoside antibiotics, such as gentamicin and streptomycin, have nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity, and should not be used by children.

　　Long-term use of corticosteroids may cause growth retardation and affect height in children, so children should not use them.