The change of college students' concept of marriage and childbirth attracts social attention, and the future marriage intention is higher than expected

　　The change of college students' concept of marriage and childbirth arouses social concern

　　Create a positive, healthy and beautiful concept of marriage and childbirth

　　Our reporter Peng Xunwen

　　Since the beginning of this year, some youth research institutions, universities, and media have conducted relevant surveys on Chinese college students' views on marriage and childbirth.

The results show that nearly 60% of college students hope to enter the palace of marriage at the age of 26-30, but the value basis of marriage and childbirth has changed, and they pay more attention to the spiritual and emotional support function of marriage.

　　China is in a stage of rapid social transformation, and the changes in young people's marriage and love behavior and concept of marriage and love are attracting attention.

As an important part of contemporary youth, college students' attitude towards marriage and childbearing is the focus of social concern.

So, what changes have taken place in the concept of marriage and childbirth among college students?

How to shape a positive, healthy and beautiful view of marriage and childbirth among young people?

The reporter interviewed relevant scholars.

　　College students' willingness to marry in the future is higher than expected

　　"I used to think that two people could be together as long as they liked each other. Now I think that in dating, factors such as personality, values, and future development must be considered." Xiao Wei, a senior at Shanxi University, has always been looking forward to love, but uncertainty about the future makes She is more cautious about marriage.

In her opinion, marriage is the main purpose of love, and she will consider marriage after graduating from university and having a stable work life. "After two relatively independent individuals are combined, they can support each other, rely on each other, face difficulties together, and keep going. Go on, this is what I look forward to in my married life."

　　Xiao Wei's words reflect the attitude of many college students towards love and marriage.

"China Youth Daily" recently released a survey of college students across the country, showing that 57.90% of the interviewed college students hope to enter the palace of marriage when they are 26-30 years old, and 25.97% said that they are above the legal age, and any age can be.

True love (95.32%) and economic considerations (85.97%) were the main factors for respondents to consider whether to get married.

　　In April this year, the "Report on Marriage and Parenting of Chinese College Students" published on the website of the Population and Development Research Center of Renmin University of China showed that 61% of college students clearly stated that they would get married.

As for the age of marriage, the respondents' ideal marriage age is 27.82 years old, and the choices of boys and girls are basically similar.

According to reports, the report sampled from 30 universities, including 4 "double first-class" universities, 18 ordinary universities, and 8 specialized schools, covering 26 cities in 22 provinces, and obtained 9,775 valid questionnaires, of which 50.95 were women. %, with an average age of 20.29 years.

　　"Overall, the future marriage intention of college students is higher than expected." Li Ting, a professor at the Center for Population and Development Research at Renmin University of China, said when interpreting the report that college students' future marriage intention is affected by many factors.

In terms of factors that promote the willingness to marry, college students pay more attention to the spiritual and emotional support function of marriage, and also hope to take into account the attributes of material support.

In terms of the factors that inhibit the willingness to marry, the cost of marriage and childbirth and the balance of work and family have a prominent impact on the willingness of college students to marry.

She believes that under the institutional framework of adhering to marriage and childbirth, the attitude of college students towards marriage and childbirth has still undergone developmental changes, and they have begun to emphasize the value of love, marriage and childbirth based on the individual sense, such as mutual assistance and progress, spiritual sustenance, emotional Companionship and what it means to grow up.

　　"Contemporary college students pay more attention to whether the two sides truly love each other in their future marriage and love relationships, and also pay attention to economic considerations." Yu Feng, a professor of psychology at the School of Philosophy at Wuhan University, has been researching positive psychology for many years.

In his view, the concept of marriage and love of college students is both idealized and based on realistic situations, and there is an obvious conflict between the two.

This conflict is influenced by the Internet, film and television, media and some alternative experiences.

On the one hand, the public opinion generated by the mass media and film and television rendering reflects the implicit view of marriage and love that affects college students; on the other hand, the cases of parents and friends have led college students to regard a single example rather than the whole society as the main source of their own view of love. .

"In psychology, beliefs are very difficult to change once they are created, because we only look for the reasons that confirm them and often ignore the reasons against them."

　　Fertility is part of an ideal future life

　　As the main body of marriage and childbearing behavior in the next 10 years, what is the willingness of college students to bear children?

　　In general, childbirth is still part of the ideal life of most college students in the future.

According to the "Report on Marriage and Parenting of Chinese College Students" by Renmin University of China, the average ideal number of children for college students is 1.86, and more than 80% of college students prefer two children; college students still regard marriage as a necessary condition for having children.

As for the meaning of childbirth, college students are more concerned about the sense of meaning and emotional value of parenting to themselves, and they put the traditional children as the guarantee function of their later life in the last place.

A survey by China Youth Daily also showed that 37.58% of the interviewed college students hoped to have one child in the future, and 34.03% planned to have two children.

In addition, 74.03% believed that children are the crystallization of love, and 67.74% said that children are an indispensable part of the family.

　　"In the cognition of college students, the binding relationship between marriage and childbirth is still close in the future, and there has not been a transformational change in the concept of marriage and childbirth for college students." Li Ting also believes that childbirth is still a relatively distant thing for college students. Its thinking is likely to change with future work life.

　　Chen, who is about to graduate with a master's degree from a university in Beijing, said that "marriage" and "childbirth" are in his plan for the next five years.

He hopes to work and settle in the same city as his girlfriend, then get married and have children.

He believes that love can be emotional, but marriage and childbirth should be treated rationally. "After both parties get married, they should communicate frankly and respect each other about the number of children they have and how to raise them, because this will involve issues such as family harmony and expenses."

　　The rational attitude of college students towards future marriage and fertility issues is largely derived from their perception of current fertility barriers.

Relevant surveys show that the housing cost represented by the living environment, the work and educational pressure represented by the social environment, and the cost of parenting have become the major obstacles to future fertility in the minds of college students.

　　Zhou Yuxiang, a key expert at the China Youth Research Center, believes that most college students are eager to have marriage, family and children after entering the society.

It's just that many difficulties were encountered in this process, which is often referred to as "difficulty in marriage and childbirth".

And because of some subjective and objective conditions, there is no way to find a suitable spouse.

This stems from their desire to find a partner with similar "three views" and similar personalities to ensure a consistent family concept and parenting concept in later life.

For example, the issue of the number of children born stems from the belief that the cost of childcare is high and the emphasis on the quality of childcare.

　　Strengthen the guidance and education of respect for marriage and childbearing

　　The concept of marriage and childbirth of college students is changing. On the one hand, this change is gentle and gradual, and on the other hand, it also highlights the urgency of shaping contemporary young people's positive, healthy and beautiful concept of marriage and childbirth.

Some experts believe that in the next stage, the changing trend of marriage and childbirth outcomes will depend on the extent to which public policies can alleviate the pressure of individuals on marriage and childbirth costs and individual development.

　　Relevant support policies are being continuously strengthened.

17 departments including the National Health Commission and the National Development and Reform Commission have recently issued guidelines on further improving and implementing active birth support measures. Active birth support measures such as housing and employment.

The opinion also proposes to advocate respect for the social value of childbearing, respect for parents, give priority to children, and share parenting responsibilities with husbands and wives; promote the reform of marriage customs and change customs, get rid of stereotypes and bad habits such as large-scale marriage and high-priced betrothal gifts, and advocate a positive concept of marriage and childbirth.

　　"College students are also very concerned about love in their daily life" "This is the desire for love"... At the end of last year, Yu Feng gave a lecture called "The Psychology of Love" at Wuhan University. Hot discussion.

In the picture, many students stood on tiptoes outside the classroom, lying at the window and listening intently.

　　Yu Feng believes that, judging from the situation of various countries in the world, the marriage rate and fertility rate of many high-welfare countries are still low, which seems to be a modernization dilemma.

One of the ways to solve the predicament is to create a healthier and rational cultural value of marriage and childbirth.

As a college teacher, you need to always understand the changes in the concept of marriage and childbirth among college students and the reasons behind them, and do targeted education and guidance for young people.

He suggested that more emotional education should be carried out to let college students understand the relationship between love, marriage and childbirth, and prevent bad public opinion from causing "desensitization" to young people.

　　Xiao Wei agrees with this.

She believes that the content about marriage and childbirth in some love variety shows and social news is too commercial, entertaining, and extreme. "After watching it, people don't want to fall in love, get married and have children."

　　"We should reshape a positive, healthy and beautiful cultural atmosphere of marriage and childbirth in the whole society, and strengthen the guidance and education of respect for marriage, respect for fertility, and respect for family." Zhou Yuxiang suggested that from the perspective of the whole life cycle, increase marriage and love in school education. Guided by the concept of conception, conception of fertility, and conception of the family, enhance the young people's understanding of marriage and childbirth knowledge at all stages of the life course, popularize relevant legal knowledge, advocate the concept of mutual respect in the process of making friends between the sexes, and shape a new marriage and childbirth culture.

Advocate a family culture in which husbands and wives share the responsibilities of childbirth and parenting, and affirm the value of housework.

Govern bad social customs such as bad marriage habits and sky-high betrothal gifts, strengthen young people's awareness of respect, integrity and responsibility for emotional life and family life, and convey a positive, healthy and beautiful outlook on marriage and love, family and fertility.