Recently, the topic of high temperature and heat waves has attracted attention, and "40 ℃ cannot enter the national high temperature rankings" even rushed to the hot search.
The figure of 40°C, which was originally "unattainable" in many areas, appeared many times during the continuous high temperature weather.
Many netizens said: "We are witnessing history."
On August 12, the Central Meteorological Observatory issued the first high-temperature red warning this year, which is the highest-level high-temperature warning in my country.
The highest temperature in parts of Shaanxi, Sichuan, Chongqing, Hubei, Hunan and other places can reach 40℃-42℃, and the stations above 40℃ in the southern region are connected together.
Previously, the Central Meteorological Observatory had issued a high temperature warning for 24 consecutive days.
Chen Lijuan, chief forecaster of the National Climate Center of the China Meteorological Administration, told reporters that this marks that the regional high temperature weather process that has continued to affect many places in southern my country since June has reached the strongest stage so far.
How strong is this super hot weather?
Who is the "behind the scenes" of the continuous high temperature weather?
Will it become the norm in the future?
The reporter interviewed relevant experts from the China Meteorological Administration.
One question: 40 ℃ is the standard, how strong is the strongest high temperature weather since 1961
"At present, the regional high temperature process has not exceeded 2013." Chen Lijuan said that in the next two weeks, the high temperature weather in the south will continue. The longest high temperature process.
How strong is the strongest high temperature weather since 1961?
Chen Tao, chief forecaster of the Central Meteorological Observatory, said that since late July, my country has had many high-temperature days, wide coverage, and the highest temperature in many places has broken historical extremes. Temperatures are breaking records.
For example, Shanghai has a total of 40 days with high temperatures above 35°C this year.
According to Wang Zhi, chief forecaster of the Shanghai Central Meteorological Observatory, as of August 13, Shanghai has experienced high temperature days above 40°C for 6 days this year, with an extreme maximum temperature of 40.9°C.
In the next 10 days, Shanghai will continue to have hot weather, with the extreme maximum temperature reaching 40℃-41℃.
Chen Tao said that on August 12, high-temperature weather above 35°C occurred in southern North China to Jiangnan and the Sichuan Basin, central and southern Shaanxi, and western Inner Mongolia. The temperature in most areas was 38°C-40°C, and eastern Sichuan and southwestern Chongqing. And the northern, southeastern Shaanxi, western Hubei, and other local areas reached 41 ℃-43 ℃.
Among them, the local area in Zhushan, Hubei reached 44.3 °C, setting a new record for the highest temperature in Hubei since meteorological records began.
The high temperature red warning will continue.
The Central Meteorological Observatory predicts that in the next 10 days, there will still be persistent high temperature weather in Jianghuai, Jianghan, Jiangnan, Sichuan Basin and other places, and the cumulative number of high temperature days will reach 7-10 days.
Second question: What is the impact of the continuous high temperature weather, and who is the "behind the scenes"
The continuous high temperature weather is not conducive to the growth and development of crops and economic forests and fruits in the south, and some areas have experienced meteorological drought.
"In response to high temperature weather, measures should be taken as soon as possible, water replenishment operations and sprinkler irrigation should be carried out in time to cool down, and fruits that have been affected by heat damage should be removed as soon as possible." Chen Tao said.
The Agricultural Meteorological Report recently released by the Central Meteorological Observatory shows that the number of days of high temperature and heat damage in the first-season rice in Sichuan is the third most in the same period in the past 10 years.
The sunny, hot and little rain resulted in mild to moderate high-temperature heat damage in most of the Jiangnan tea areas, local sunburn occurred on tea trees, and in some areas, citrus, banana, passion fruit, etc. appeared cracked, dropped fruit, and sunburn.
Chen Lijuan said that according to the analysis, the possibility of less precipitation in the Yangtze River Basin in the later autumn is still relatively large, especially in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, there may be consecutive droughts in summer and autumn.
Who is the "behind the scenes" of the continuous high temperature weather?
Chen Tao said that from late July this year to the present, there have been large-scale and high-intensity high-temperature weather in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. The cause is related to the abnormal conditions of atmospheric circulation.
He explained that from the current monitoring, the subtropical high in the western Pacific this year is larger in scope and stronger in intensity.
Under its control, the entire southern region of my country is controlled by downdraft airflow, resulting in a clear sky with few clouds.
In addition to the influence of sunlight radiation during the day, the heating near the ground is intense, and the hot air stays on the ground, "can't blow away, can't disperse", so there is a large-scale continuous high temperature weather.
The high temperature lasted for nearly two months. Why did the Central Meteorological Observatory not issue the first high temperature red warning this year until August 12?
In this regard, Chen Tao said that there are scientific standards and strict business norms for the launch of the red alert.
"The starting standard of the high temperature red warning is that the highest temperature of 40°C and above has occurred continuously in some areas of four or more provinces in the past 48 hours, and it is expected that the above-mentioned areas will continue in the future." Chen Tao said.
On August 12, the Central Meteorological Observatory noticed that parts of Sichuan, Chongqing, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, and Hubei had sustained high temperature weather above 40°C. At the same time, through the analysis of atmospheric circulation, Sichuan Basin to Yangtze River There will still be large-scale and strong high-temperature weather in the middle and lower reaches, so a high-temperature red warning was issued on the afternoon of August 12.
Three questions: Is it normal to continue high temperature and heat waves, and will it become the norm in the future?
"The occurrence of high temperature and heat wave events in summer is normal from a climatic point of view, but the duration, intensity, and scope of influence of high temperature and heat wave events this summer have indeed reached a very strong level." Chen Lijuan said.
According to her analysis, the rare high temperature weather in my country since June this year is far from a problem of the weather scale. There are deep climate scale reasons behind this.
In fact, not only my country, since the beginning of summer, the Western Pacific subtropical high, the Atlantic subtropical high and the Iranian high have all strengthened, forming a large-scale overall global warm high pressure belt, resulting in high temperature weather in many parts of the northern hemisphere.
"In the context of global warming, similar to this year's high temperature and heat, the frequency of occurrence may be more in future summers." Chen Lijuan said, "This year's high temperature appeared earlier and is expected to end later. The characteristics of 'starting early and ending late' will become more and more obvious in the future."
Chen Tao reminded that in cities, the surge in electricity demand is one of the most significant impacts caused by persistent high temperatures.
Under high temperature, the frequency of use of electrical appliances such as air conditioners increases significantly, which has a greater impact on energy supply. Relevant departments should make emergency plans based on temperature forecasts to ensure power supply.
For the public, he suggested that prolonged outdoor activities should be minimized during high temperature weather, and water should be replenished in time to avoid heat stroke and other potential diseases that are easily induced by high temperature.
(Reporter Qiu Chenhui)