In the past two days, topics related to high temperature and heat waves have frequently attracted attention.

The figure of 40°C, which was originally "unattainable" in many areas, has appeared many times during the recent continuous high temperature weather.

Many netizens said: "We are witnessing history."

　　The Central Meteorological Observatory continued to issue a high temperature red warning at 18:00 on August 14: It is expected that during the day on August 15, Xinjiang Turpan Basin and Southern Xinjiang Basin, central and southern Shaanxi, southern Shanxi, central and southern Hebei, Beijing, southern Shandong, Henan, Anhui, Jiangsu , Shanghai, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Fujian, central and eastern Sichuan, Chongqing, eastern Guizhou, northern Guangxi, northern Guangdong and other places will have a maximum temperature of 35 to 39 ℃. Among them, eastern Sichuan, central and western Chongqing, southern Shaanxi, The highest temperature in parts of southeastern Henan, central and southern Anhui, southern Jiangsu, southeastern and northwestern Hubei, northern Hunan, northeastern Jiangxi, central and northern Zhejiang, and the Turpan Basin in Xinjiang can reach above 40 °C.

　　As of the 14th, the Central Meteorological Observatory has issued high temperature warnings for more than 20 consecutive days, of which, from the 12th of this month, the highest-level red warning has been issued for 3 consecutive days.

This marks that the regional high temperature weather that has continued to affect many parts of southern my country since June has reached the strongest stage so far.

　　So, how strong is this super hot weather?

Is it normal to continue hot weather?

Who is the "behind the scenes"?

Will it become the norm in the future?

The reporter interviewed relevant experts from the China Meteorological Administration.

　high temperature

　　or will last since 1961

　　The longest high temperature process

　　Chen Lijuan, chief forecaster of the National Climate Center, said that the current regional high temperature process has not exceeded that of 2013, but the high temperature weather in the south will continue in the next two weeks.

"According to the forecast, the duration of this regional high temperature process will exceed the 62 days in 2013, making it the longest high temperature process since 1961, and the comprehensive intensity of this year's high temperature weather may be the strongest since complete records began in 1961. "Chen Lijuan said.

　　So, what is the combat effectiveness of the strongest high temperature weather since 1961?

　　Chen Tao, chief forecaster of the Central Meteorological Observatory, said that since late July, my country has had a large number of high-temperature days and a wide coverage area, and the highest temperature in many places has broken the historical extreme value. The highest temperature exceeded all-time records.

　　For example, Shanghai has had more than 40 days of high temperature above 35℃ this year.

According to Wang Zhi, chief forecaster of the Shanghai Central Meteorological Observatory, as of August 13, Shanghai has experienced high temperature days above 40°C for 6 days this year, with an extreme maximum temperature of 40.9°C.

In the next 10 days, Shanghai will continue to have hot weather, with the extreme maximum temperature reaching 40°C to 41°C.

　　"Since July, the extreme temperatures in most areas of Zhejiang have been between 39°C and 43°C, with the highest being 43.1°C in Sanmen, 42.9°C in Yongjia, and 42.4°C in Qingtian and Yunhe. Sanmen, Yongjia and other places have all broken record highs. Lou Xiaofen, chief forecaster of the Zhejiang Meteorological Observatory, said that in the next 7 days, it is expected that 43°C hot weather will occur locally in parts of northern Zhejiang and western Zhejiang, or break the record of extreme high temperature.

　　There have been two rounds of high temperature weather in Chongqing this year. The city's average high temperature days reached 29.3 days, the second most in the same period since 1951.

Luo Juan, chief forecaster of the Chongqing Meteorological Observatory, said that from August 13 to 22, the highest temperature in most parts of Chongqing is expected to reach 38 to 42 degrees Celsius, and local temperatures can reach 43 to 44 degrees Celsius. The highest temperature in some districts and counties will approach or exceed historical extremes.

　　Chen Tao said that on August 12, high temperature weather above 35°C occurred in southern North China to Jiangnan and the Sichuan Basin, central and southern Shaanxi, and western Inner Mongolia. The temperature in the north, southeastern Shaanxi, western Hubei, southeastern Anhui, southern Jiangsu, and central and northern Zhejiang reached 41 to 43 °C.

Among them, the local area in Zhushan, Hubei reached 44.3 °C, setting a new record for the highest temperature in Hubei since meteorological records began.

　　This is not over and the high temperature red warning will continue.

The Central Meteorological Observatory predicts that in the next 10 days, there will still be persistent high temperature weather in Jianghuai, Jianghan, Jiangnan, Sichuan Basin and other places, and the cumulative number of high temperature days will reach 7 to 10 days.

Probe

　　Subtropical high anomaly is the "culprit"

　　Summer and autumn droughts may occur

　　Continued high temperature is not conducive to the growth and development of crops and economic forests in the south, and some areas have already experienced meteorological drought.

　　"The high temperature weather this year is mainly related to the atmospheric circulation situation, especially the abnormality of the subtropical high in the western Pacific." Chen Tao said.

　　Chen Tao explained that from the current monitoring, the subtropical high range in the western Pacific this year is larger and stronger.

Under its control, the entire southern region of my country is controlled by downdraft airflow, resulting in a clear sky with few clouds.

Coupled with the influence of sunlight radiation during the day, the heating near the ground is strong, and the hot air stays on the ground, which cannot be blown away or dissipated, so a large range of persistent high temperature weather occurs.

　　Chen Tao said that under the influence of high temperature weather, meteorological drought has occurred in the areas from Sichuan Basin to the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in my country, and this kind of meteorological drought may continue or worsen for a period of time in the future.

　　"According to the analysis, the possibility of less precipitation in the Yangtze River Basin in the later autumn is still relatively large, especially in the middle and lower reaches, there may be continuous droughts in summer and autumn." Chen Lijuan said.

　　"The occurrence of high temperature and heat wave events in summer is normal from a climatic point of view. However, the duration, intensity and scope of high temperature and heat wave events this summer are very rare." Chen Lijuan said.

　　Not only in my country, since the beginning of summer, the Western Pacific subtropical high, the Atlantic subtropical high and the Iranian high have all strengthened, forming a large-scale overall global warm high pressure belt, resulting in high temperature weather in many parts of the northern hemisphere.

　　The sixth assessment report of the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) pointed out that in the last 50 years, global warming has occurred at an unprecedented rate since the past 2000 years, and the instability of the climate system has increased.

Among them, the frequent occurrence of high temperature and heat wave events is a very significant feature.

　　Chen Lijuan said that the occurrence of such a situation is far from a problem of the weather scale, and there are deep climate scale reasons behind it.

"In the context of global warming, high temperature and heat wave events may become a new normal. And this year's high temperature weather starts early, ends late, and lasts for a long time. This feature may become more and more obvious in the future." Chen Lijuan emphasized.

　　Chen Tao reminded that in cities, the surge in electricity demand is one of the most significant impacts caused by persistent high temperatures.

Under high temperature, the frequency of use of electrical appliances such as air conditioners increases significantly, which has a greater impact on energy supply. Relevant departments should make emergency plans based on temperature forecasts to ensure power supply.

　　For the public, he suggested that prolonged outdoor activities should be minimized during high temperature weather, and water should be replenished in time to avoid heat stroke and other potential diseases that are easily induced by high temperature.

　　"It is especially important to note that during the summer vacation, in the hot weather, students who are swimming at home on vacation must pay attention to stay away from dangerous waters to prevent drowning accidents." Chen Tao said.

　　Comprehensive China Weather Network, "Science and Technology Daily", "China Youth Daily"