China News Agency, Beijing, August 13 (Reporter Chen Su) This year, China has experienced extreme high temperature and heat waves.
With the arrival of the "dog days", the recent high temperature has further escalated.
On the 12th, the China Meteorological Administration issued the first high temperature red warning this year.
Why is China's high temperature so extreme this year?
On the 13th, a number of experts were interviewed by reporters to interpret the high temperature this year.
According to statistics from the Meteorological Department, since late July, southern China has experienced large-scale and high-intensity high-temperature weather.
As of the 13th, there have been 40 days of high temperature days above 35 degrees in Shanghai this year, with an extreme maximum temperature of 40.9 degrees.
Since July, the number of days with high temperature above 35°C in Zhejiang has averaged 31 days and 16 days above 38°C, both of which are the most in the same period in history. Among them, Zhejiang Sanmen reached 43.1°C.
Since July, Chongqing has experienced two rounds of high temperature weather. The city's average number of high temperature days has reached 29.3 days, the second most in the same period since 1951. It is expected that large-scale high-intensity high temperature weather will continue in the future, with local temperatures reaching 43-44°C. , the highest temperature in some districts and counties will approach or exceed the historical extreme value.
On the 12th, the China Meteorological Administration issued China's first high temperature red warning this year. On the 13th, the high temperature red warning continued. It is expected that the temperature in some areas of 10 provinces and cities such as Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shanghai can reach 40-42 °C, and the local temperature will exceed 42 °C.
Talking about the reasons for this round of high temperature weather, Chen Tao, chief forecaster of the Central Meteorological Observatory, said that the high temperature weather has a certain relationship with the abnormal conditions of the atmospheric circulation. From the monitoring point of view, the subtropical high in the western Pacific is large in scope and strong in intensity. On the whole, the southern region is controlled by the downdraft airflow, the sky is clear and less cloudy, and under the influence of solar radiation during the day, the heating near the ground is relatively strong, so there is a large range of high temperature weather.
Chen Tao predicts that the subtropical high will still control the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in the future, and the high temperature weather from the Sichuan Basin to the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River will continue to develop or maintain.
The high temperature red warning is expected to continue for at least 4 to 5 days.
Chen Lijuan, chief forecaster of the National Climate Center, said that according to the forecast, the duration of this regional high temperature process is expected to exceed 62 days in 2013, making it the longest high temperature process since 1961.
Affected by high temperature weather, severe drought has occurred in the Sichuan Basin to the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.
Since July, the rainfall in the Yangtze River Basin has been 40% lower than that of the same period of the previous year. The high temperature days in some areas in the middle and lower reaches are close to 30 days, and the number of consecutive days without effective rainfall in some areas exceeds 20 days. The water levels of the main stream of the Yangtze River and Dongting Lake and Poyang Lake are all measured. The lowest level on record for the same period.
According to data from the Ministry of Water Resources on the 11th, the drought in the Yangtze River Basin has affected 9.67 million mu of arable land in Anhui, Jiangxi, Hubei, Hunan, Chongqing, and Sichuan, affecting 830,000 people's water supply.
Chen Tao said that it is expected that the meteorological drought will continue or worsen in the future.
The continuous high temperature has a great impact on economic crops such as tea and fruit in the south. The high temperature also increases the demand for electricity and energy.
"According to the monitoring of the National Climate Center, the rare high-temperature weather in China since June this year is actually the strongest event since complete meteorological records began in 1961." Chen Lijuan said, in fact, the occurrence of high-temperature heat waves in summer is from the perspective of climate. It is normal, but the duration, intensity and scope of the high temperature and heat wave events this summer have indeed reached a very strong level.
This is far from a problem of the weather scale, and there must be a deep climate scale reason behind it.
She said that the sixth assessment report of IPCC (United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) pointed out that in the context of global warming, changes in many extreme weather and climate events have been observed since the middle of the 20th century. Multiple hairs are a very distinctive feature.
Therefore, under the background of climate change, high temperature and heat wave events will become a new normal. It is expected that similar high temperature and heat waves will occur more frequently in future summers, and the characteristics of high temperature duration may become more and more obvious.
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