Be pragmatic and responsible, and expand the work of the online car-hailing driver union
Vice Chairman of All-China Federation of Trade Unions, Secretary of the Secretariat, Member of the Party Leadership Group
Tan Tianxing
It is an important task of the current trade unions at all levels to do a good job in the labor union work of the new employment form.
Ride-hailing drivers are an important part of the new form of employment.
In 2021, since the ACFTU's centralized action to promote new employment forms for workers to join the union, significant results have been achieved in the organization coverage and job coverage of online car-hailing drivers' unions.
Recently, through an online special investigation on the work of the online car-hailing driver union in Jiangsu Province, I feel that it is very necessary and urgent to do a good job in this work. We should step up and comprehensively find out the situation, pinpoint the problem, take effective measures, and actively take responsibility. .
Jiangsu Province is a pilot province for the establishment of a national truck driver's union and its rights protection services. It has also worked very hard in the work of the online car-hailing driver's union, and has formed some good experiences and practices.
For example, adhering to the concept of "promoting membership through service", creating a "new" action brand of Sugongnuan, implementing the establishment model of "key breakthroughs, industry coverage, and regional coverage", and carrying out comprehensive service activities.
In particular, the chairman of the Taizhou Federation of Trade Unions "undercover" car-hailing drivers, carried out experiential research and precise services, identified trade union organizations as the entry point for the work of car-hailing drivers, and promoted the establishment of the car-hailing industry trade union federation to build a trade union. Taking the lead, the communication and cooperation mechanism participated by leading enterprises, traffic control departments, local platform companies and online car-hailing drivers helps solve practical difficulties and problems, which is refreshing.
Huai'an City has carried out the "Tracking Action of Establishing and Joining the Association of Online Car-hailing Drivers".
Haimen District, Nantong City has always done a good job as a car-hailing driver by enhancing the magnetism of membership, the flexibility of service, and the stickiness of the organization.
These are all inspiring and instructive.
Online car-hailing, also known as online taxi booking.
This industry has not developed for a long time, and the development is uneven in various places, but it is growing rapidly and the competition is fierce. It is said that the transaction scale in 2022 will reach 400 billion yuan.
Online car-hailing drivers are participants and contributors to the development of the industry. Especially since 2016, the online car-hailing industry has gradually become standardized. Together with new employment forms such as truck drivers, takeaway deliverymen, and couriers, it has become a driving force for social and economic development. It is an important new force in the diversification of lifestyles and lifestyles, and it is one of the industries that the current trade union work needs to focus on expanding.
We should attach great importance to it, promote the joint efforts of all parties, link and organize them, strengthen rights protection services, and play a positive role.
Raise awareness and shoulder the responsibility of doing well in the work of the online car-hailing driver union
Pay attention to it from a political point of view, and actively plan it from an overall perspective.
General Secretary Xi Jinping attaches great importance to the work of workers in the new form of employment, and has issued important instructions on many occasions, asking the trade union to attract, organize and stabilize them.
In July 2016, the Ministry of Transport took the lead in formulating the "Interim Measures for the Management of Online Taxi Service Management" to standardize the operation and service behavior of online car-hailing, and online car-hailing has since become legalized.
In July 2021, 8 ministries and commissions including the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, the National Development and Reform Commission, and the All-China Federation of Trade Unions issued the "Guiding Opinions on Safeguarding Labor Security Rights and Interests of New Employment Forms", which will focus on improving fair employment, labor remuneration, rest, labor safety, and social insurance. , occupational injury protection, and workers’ appeals expression mechanism, etc., safeguard the rights and interests of workers in new formats, including online car-hailing drivers, and regulate the development of the platform economy.
In the same year, 8 ministries and commissions including the Ministry of Transport and the All-China Federation of Trade Unions issued the "Opinions on Strengthening the Protection of the Rights and Interests of Employees in New Formats of Transportation", further improving the rights protection mechanism, promoting the compliant development of online car-hailing platform enterprises, and requiring the strengthening of trade union organizations. Guarantee role.
The ACFTU also held a teleconference to launch a centralized action for new employment forms such as online car-hailing drivers, and made overall arrangements for safeguarding the rights and interests of new employment groups.
Trade unions at all levels must adhere to the basic direction of "leading the construction of the party, and serving the construction of the party", with the sense of responsibility of "being assured at all times", and earnestly place the work of the online car-hailing driver's trade union in an important position, and formulate perfect measures based on the specific reality. In order to implement the general secretary's concern, the requirements of the central government and the deployment of the ACFTU.
Grasp the rules and characteristics, and strengthen the pertinence and effectiveness of the work.
As an important part of the platform economy, online car-hailing has a high degree of marketization and is closely related to people's production and life, adding new travel convenience for people, and injecting new kinetic energy into economic development. It plays an active role in the development pattern.
According to the statistics of the national online car-hailing supervision information exchange platform, as of May 31, 2022, a total of 274 online car-hailing platform companies across the country have obtained online car-hailing platform business licenses, and a total of 4.392 million online car-hailing driver licenses and vehicles have been issued in various regions. There were 1.762 million transport certificates, and the platform received a total of 526.869 million orders in May.
The online car-hailing industry began to emerge in 2015. In the past seven years, the number of licensed online-hailing cars across the country has grown rapidly from zero, doubling the total number of urban taxi services provided nationwide.
At present, online car-hailing companies mainly include Didi Chuxing, T3 Travel, AutoNavi Map, Cao Cao Chuxing, Dida Taxi, Wanshun Taxi, Meituan Taxi, Shenzhou Special Car, Hengdao Travel, Shouqi Car-hailing, etc., but the orders are compliant The top ones are Ruqi, Hengdao, T3, Xiehua, Shouqi and so on.
The top three companies in the number of car-hailing platforms are Guizhou, Yunnan and Shandong.
There are 39 online car-hailing platform companies in Jiangsu Province, 15.
90,000 people have obtained driving licenses for online car-hailing.
Didi has a market share of more than 90% in the country.
After Didi's delisting from the United States, the competition in the car-hailing industry has become more intense, and the market landscape has changed greatly.
From the perspective of drivers, online car-hailing can be divided into professional online car-hailing, non-professional online car-hailing (carpooling, ride-hailing, etc.) and online taxi-hailing. These three types of drivers have their own characteristics.
In general, compared with workers in the traditional sense, online car-hailing drivers have the characteristics of Internet-based work, strong mobility, and low level of organization. There are many problems, such as poor working environment and low social recognition.
The occurrence of these problems is related to the high commission of online car-hailing platforms, insufficient market supervision, disorderly competition, and big data.
Especially at present, due to the impact of the epidemic, the difficulties and pressures faced by online car-hailing drivers have increased significantly. Many drivers have suffered "half cuts" in the number of orders received, their income has dropped sharply, and their rights protection work is weak.
As far as trade unions are concerned, our understanding of the distress, distress, and hope of this group is not comprehensive enough, the service network for their rights protection is not perfect, and the number of service positions and service effects are limited.
There is still a lack of effective maintenance methods for the problems of "more orders, more money, less charges, less fines, and less travel restrictions" that online car-hailing drivers expect.
In this regard, we must strengthen investigation and research, face problems and difficulties head-on, and place a prominent position on safeguarding and developing the legitimate rights and interests of online car-hailing drivers and deepening various services. Let the majority of online car-hailing drivers run without worry, struggle without hindrance, and chase their dreams without worry.
Adhere to the mass line, and do the work of the fine network car-hailing driver union with empathy.
An important premise of how well the car-hailing drivers work is whether the trade union cadres have the masses in their hearts, and whether they rely on the masses, serve the masses, and serve the masses.
As a new thing, its business format is still changing, with high liquidity, fierce competition in the industry and capital, and many uncertainties.
If you don’t go deep into it, don’t strengthen investigation and research, and just sit and talk about it, it’s like a blind man touching an elephant. It’s difficult to accurately grasp the real situation of this group, including its ecological structure, professional characteristics, actual demands, urgency and hope, etc. It is also difficult to formulate effective policy measures.
Because there are still some irregular behaviors in this group, drivers are also worried. If they are not handled properly, they will fall into a vicious circle, even intensifying conflicts and affecting social stability.
Trade union cadres must stand at the height of the overall situation, with the sense of responsibility and attitude of "I do practical things for the masses" and the interests of the masses, and do a good job in the work of online car-hailing drivers.
It is necessary to maintain empathy, learn to make friends with new employment groups such as online car-hailing drivers, put yourself in the shoes of others and consider problems.
Only by gaining trust can we have the basic mass basis for our work, obtain first-hand information, be heard, and issue policies to solve problems and produce positive results.
Seize the "bull nose" of the establishment of the Association and organize the drivers of online car-hailing
Seize the "two ends" and promote the establishment of a club for online car-hailing drivers.
Promoting the establishment of unions for workers in new employment forms such as online car-hailing drivers is the proper meaning of trade union reform and innovation in the new era, and it is also an urgent need to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of workers in new employment forms and build harmonious labor relations.
Strengthening the construction of trade union organizations is the "bull nose" of trade union work.
The documents of the 8 ministries and commissions clearly require that “trade union organizations in various regions should take online car-hailing drivers as the key group to promote the establishment of the union, further expand the channels for joining the union, and maximize the absorption of employees from new forms of transportation to join the trade union organization, and build employees and new forms of business. A platform for enterprise communication, and explore the establishment of an equal consultation mechanism between employees and new business enterprises." Promoting the establishment of Internet enterprises is the focus of this year's work.
The most important thing to do a good job in establishing a club for online car-hailing drivers is to seize the two ends. The top is the leading enterprise, and the top is the leading enterprise; the bottom is the regional or industry trade union federation, and the enterprise trade union. Into the role.
In 2021, the ACFTU will focus on promoting Didi, Cao Cao, Xiangdao, T3, Ruqi, and other leading online car-hailing platform companies to achieve breakthroughs in the establishment of trade unions, and promote the establishment of labor unions in the regional headquarters and subsidiaries of these car-hailing companies , through the regional (industry) trade union federations to effectively cover their affiliated companies and smaller online car-hailing companies, and made positive progress.
The establishment of the Didi labor union is the result of the efforts of all parties and has a certain symbolic significance.
In 2022, 26 of the 27 online car-hailing platform companies in Guangzhou have formed trade unions, and established the city's online car-hailing industry trade union federation.
However, it should also be noted that the establishment of trade unions in some platform enterprises is still slow, or prevaricates for various reasons, and needs to be promoted.
Efforts will be made to expand the effective coverage of trade union organizations in the car-hailing industry.
It is necessary to consolidate the existing achievements of the establishment of the association, continue to exert efforts, and maximize the effective coverage of trade union organizations in the car-hailing industry.
It is necessary to strengthen the close cooperation with the competent departments of transportation and other industries, explore the positive role of online car-hailing platform companies in the establishment of the association, and form a joint force with the transportation administration and association organizations to carry out pull-list-style investigations to fully understand the online appointments. The base number of workers in new employment forms such as the automobile industry provides basic data support for the establishment of the Association.
It is necessary to solidly carry out the centralized action of joining the association and fight the tough battle of formation.
It is necessary to vigorously promote the construction model of "key construction, industry construction, and bottom-line construction", and actively explore the form of trade union organization that meets the characteristics of online car-hailing drivers, such as regional or online car-hailing industry union unions, and strive to achieve all the construction that should be built.
It is necessary to broaden the membership channels, simplify the membership procedures, and implement methods such as collective registration and membership, mobile phone "scan code" membership, online convenient membership, and neighborhood membership in street communities.
It is necessary to actively explore ways to effectively solve the difficulties of establishing a union, and to refine the working mechanism that fits the local reality with a strong sense of responsibility and scientific methods, and organize workers in new employment forms, including online car drivers, into the union. come in.
Strengthen rights protection services to stabilize online car-hailing drivers
Do a good job of rights protection service with heart and soul.
Rights protection services are the basic duties of trade unions.
Whether the union is popular or not depends on serving employees (online car-hailing drivers).
Adhere to the concept of "promoting membership through service, and promoting membership and services as a whole", develop employee service positions in multiple fields, expand more heart-warming service projects, provide workers with high-quality services in a timely and effective manner, and continuously improve their sense of gain and happiness ,sense of security.
For example, since the establishment of the Guangzhou Online Car-hailing Industry Trade Union Federation, it has sent out a gift package of trade union care, including the realization of the dream of studying, the assistance of employees in need, the love station of the labor union for outdoor labor, the care of the hospital, the mutual assistance guarantee for the employees, the physical examination and recuperation of the employees, and the university for the employees. Church, staff friendship, trade union legal services, labor and skills competitions, etc.
It is necessary to adhere to the integrated construction concept of "meeting, station, and home", unite with the transportation department, make full use of all resources and social forces, and strive to build substantive service positions such as drivers' homes and outdoor labor service sites, and build services. A work platform for new employment forms such as car-hailing drivers.
It is necessary to strengthen collective labor negotiation, ensure the income of online car-hailing drivers, promote platform companies, affiliated companies and workers to negotiate on income sharing, security, etc., establish and improve labor rights protection mechanisms, strengthen legal aid, and build harmonious labor relations.
To be the brand of the labor union serving employees, to benefit the online car-hailing drivers with services such as labor and skill competitions, vocational skills training, and recuperation for front-line employees, to provide services that match supply and demand, to integrate the service resources of the plenary session, and to focus on solving their greatest concern. The most direct and realistic problem of urgency and hope.
It is necessary to promote online car-hailing companies (platforms) to standardize their business behavior, implement driver treatment, improve algorithm mechanisms, and improve social security, etc., and continuously improve the working environment and living conditions of online car-hailing drivers, so that they can truly feel the benefits of joining trade unions. To the warmth of "home".
In particular, trade unions should play an active role in increasing the ratio of revenue sharing, relaxing entry barriers, reducing unreasonable fines, and improving social image.
With the care and support of trade unions and all sectors of society, the work and life of workers in new forms of employment such as car-hailing drivers will be promoted to be more prosperous, decent and comfortable.
Promote the standardized development of online car-hailing unions.
The establishment must be standardized.
The established car-hailing trade unions must act in strict accordance with the Trade Union Law and the China Trade Union Constitution, and improve various systems, including member representative meetings, democratic elections, member critics, open conference affairs, employee representative meetings, and collective consultations. Efforts to build a "model worker's home."
The establishment of the online car-hailing industry trade union federation should follow the principles of association and representation, comply with the "Regulations on the Election of Trade Union Grass-roots Organizations", perform democratic procedures, and establish an audit committee for independent management of funds.
It is necessary to actively carry out ideological and political guidance, skill improvement, rights protection services, fulfillment of social responsibilities, and enrichment of industry culture for online car-hailing drivers, protect the right to democratic participation, innovate the form of activities, enrich the content of activities, and promote trade unions to "live" and be healthy develop.
Online car-hailing drivers have free time and more pay for more work, so there are many people entering the road, but those with many people are also "miscellaneous".
It is necessary to focus on improving the professional quality of online car-hailing drivers, so as to achieve standardized self-discipline, civilized, safe and high-quality services.
To promote the formation of a healthy competition and development mechanism in the industry, especially between taxis and online car-hailing in the traditional sense, we should promote the development of the industry with service quality, oppose industry monopoly and fraud, and allow passengers "God" to have the right to choose and evaluate discretion. .
The mission of the online car-hailing union is to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of drivers and promote the healthy development of the industry.
Improve the working mechanism and form a joint force for the work of online car-hailing drivers
Doing a good job as an online car-hailing driver requires the joint efforts of the transportation department, platform companies, drivers and trade unions.
When the relevant industry authorities formulate and issue policies and measures on online car-hailing, work opinions, or interview online car-hailing platform companies, they should include the formation of enterprise trade unions, and give full play to the role of trade unions in contacting and serving employees and promoting the development of the industry.
The trade union must actively build and improve the working mechanism, help solve the outstanding problems reported by the car-hailing drivers in a timely manner, proceed from the overall situation of social stability and economic development, fully consider the practical characteristics of the car-hailing industry, and continuously improve relevant policies and measures.
The trade union should consider the concerns and interests of all parties, study and propose appropriate solutions, and promote the management of drivers, vehicles and platforms.
We must adhere to bottom-line thinking and problem orientation, fully learn the lessons of the taxi drivers protesting against the car-hailing platform in 2015 and the vicious incident of Didi ride-hailing in 2018, and strengthen risk prevention in the car-hailing industry. Compliance and safety are the basic requirements. .
It is necessary to give full play to the leading role of advanced demonstration. For example, the winners of the National May 1st Labor Medal in 2022 are Didi drivers Wang Li and Huang Tianhua from Wuhan and Shenzhen, which have aroused enthusiastic responses among new employment groups across the country, especially car-hailing drivers. .
Pay attention to the development of foreign online car-hailing industry associations.
Ensuring safety, satisfying passengers and increasing driver income is the last word.
It is an important and urgent task for us to promote the labor union work of new forms of employment such as online car-hailing drivers.
We must improve our political position, adhere to the organic combination of serving the overall situation and serving employees, face difficulties, concentrate our efforts, and act pragmatically, so as to attract and organize the most widely used workers in new employment forms such as car-hailing drivers. Get up, settle down.
Source: July 2022 issue of "Chinese Workers" magazine