Text/Yangcheng Evening News reporter Chen Hui, correspondent Liu Qingjun

　　Every woman wants to have a spotless ice and snow skin. At present, there are various freckle removal methods on the market, including laser freckle removal, fruit acid peeling, and freckle mask.

Physician Chen Chumin from the Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine suggested that freckle removal starts with recognizing pigmentation.

　　There are many kinds of spots, you know?

　　Pigmented spots are hyperpigmented spots.

There are many factors for the formation of pigment spots, which are related to heredity, ultraviolet rays, hormone changes, drugs, cosmetic use, certain diseases, etc.

　　"Stain" is a general term, and the more common ones include freckles, chloasma, brown-green nevus, Ota nevus, and café-au-lait spots.

　　[Freckles] are mostly hereditary pigment spots, generally distributed on the nose and cheeks. The spots are light brown or dark brown, and the main shapes are round, oval or irregularly scattered on the face.

　　[Chloasma] is mostly related to the endocrine of the body, especially the estrogen level of women. Therefore, irregular menstruation, contraceptive use, impaired liver function, etc. will cause the appearance of chloasma, and ultraviolet rays and mental stress also Can accentuate the color of the melasma.

　　[Brown-cyan nevus] is a black-gray speckled pigmentation symmetrically distributed on the zygomatic region, which occurs mostly in the zygomatic and temporal regions, with a symmetrical distribution and no symptoms.

　　【Ota nevus】is called brown-blue nevus on the upper eye and palate, which mostly occurs on one side of the face, and is brown, blue-grey to blue-blue patches or spots.

　　[Coffee spots] are pigmented spots with clear boundaries, and the damage is scattered light brown spots with different shapes and numbers.

　　Prevent pigmentation, sunscreen first

　　How to prevent stains?

Physician Chen Chumin suggested that it is very important to go to a regular hospital dermatologist for a face-to-face consultation and choose an appropriate treatment plan.

　　Good living habits are essential for the prevention and treatment of pigmentation.

Specifically, it includes several aspects:

　　① Do a good job of photoprotection: apply broad-spectrum sunscreen, and take physical sunscreen measures such as wearing an umbrella, wearing a hat, and wearing long-sleeved clothes.

　　②Maintain a regular lifestyle: eat a reasonable diet, adjust your work and rest, keep exercising, and ensure adequate sleep.

　　③ maintain an optimistic mood.

The mood is relaxed, the liver Qi is up, and the complexion will be good.

　　④ Rational drug use.

　　There are many ways to treat blemishes

　　For the treatment of pigmentation, laser therapy has a quick and good effect.

For example, the common clinical short-pulse carbon dioxide laser, 510nm pulsed dye laser, Q-switched Nd:YAG laser and Q-switched ruby ​​laser have the effect of destroying melanin particles in the upper dermis and are used to treat pigmented skin diseases.

Of course, laser therapy has its indications and contraindications. It is not suitable for special groups such as pregnant women, scar physiques, and light-sensitive diseases. The clinic needs to follow the doctor's advice.

　　In terms of medication, clinicians will choose appropriate methods according to the patient's situation, such as systemic application of antioxidants (such as vitamin C, glutathione), tranexamic acid, glycyrrhizin, etc. or topical hydroquinone, arbutin, fruit. Acids and other drugs.

　　Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) removes pigmentation, and mostly uses drugs such as soothing the liver and regulating qi, invigorating the spleen and kidney, promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis.

Taking chloasma as an example, in the treatment of liver stagnation and qi stagnation, the liver should be relieved and stagnant, and qi and blood should be regulated. For the collaterals, the prescription is the modified Taohong Siwu Decoction; the treatment of spleen deficiency and dampness accumulation is suitable for invigorating the spleen and replenishing qi, removing dampness and eliminating spots, and the prescription is the modification and subtraction of Shenling Baizhu San.

For external therapy, traditional Chinese medicines can be made of Qibai powder or Chinese herbal powders such as Centella asiatica, Angelica dahurica, Coix seed, etc. to make a cream for external use or face application.