People's Daily Online, Beijing, April 21 (Reporter Qiao Yeqiong) From April 15 to 21 this year is the 28th National Cancer Prevention and Control Publicity Week, with the theme of "early action for cancer prevention and treatment".
Studies have shown that in the etiology of human cancer, in addition to genetic, environmental and other factors, poor dietary structure and eating habits are closely related to the occurrence of cancer, among which gastric cancer, esophageal cancer, liver cancer, colorectal cancer and other cancers are directly related to diet.
In order to avoid "cancer from the mouth", the Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention recommends doing this in daily diet.
eat more fruits and vegetables.
The dietary guidelines for Chinese residents recommend that adults should consume 300-500 grams of vegetables per day, eat a variety of vegetables, and dark vegetables should account for at least half of them; should consume 200-400 grams of fruit per day, and try to eat fruits as complete as possible instead of Juice.
Variety of food, mainly cereals.
Variety of food, mainly cereals.
Appropriately eat more whole grains, eat more fresh vegetables and fruits rich in dietary fiber and vitamins; animal food should be moderate and not too much.
Control fat intake.
The energy provided by total fats and oils should account for 15%-30% of the total energy. Foods with high fat content (especially animal fats) should be restricted, and vegetable oils should also be moderated (the daily intake of cooking oil for adults is 25%). -30 grams).
Limit red meat intake.
Excessive intake of red meat (referring to cattle, sheep, pork and their products) may be an important factor leading to colorectal cancer.
The best choice for meat is fish, poultry and other meat. The dietary guidelines for Chinese residents recommend that the daily intake of poultry and livestock meat is 40-75 grams.
Limit salt intake.
Adults should consume no more than 5 grams of table salt per day from various sources, including hidden salt in food.
Limit alcohol intake.
Heavy drinking can increase the risk of liver cancer, rectal cancer, breast cancer, etc.
It is recommended not to drink alcohol, if not, it should be limited.
The dietary guidelines for Chinese residents recommend that the daily intake of semen should not exceed 15 grams for adult women and 25 grams for adult men, and children and pregnant women are prohibited from drinking alcohol.
Pay attention to food storage.
Food should be stored in an appropriate way.
The storage of cereals, beans, etc. should be moisture-proof and mildew-proof, and pay attention to prevent mold contamination. Aflatoxin in moldy peanuts, cereals and beans is the pathogenic factor of liver cancer.
Pay attention to food preparation and cooking.
When cooking, the oil temperature should not be too high, and cooking methods such as frying, frying, frying, and smoking should be used as little as possible, and methods such as steaming, boiling, and blanching should be used more.
Don't eat burnt food, try to eat less barbecue, bacon.
Do not eat salty food, eat less or do not eat preserved food, such as salted fish, pickled vegetables, cured meat, sauerkraut, etc.
Avoid hot drinks or foods.
Some people like boiled tea, hot pot, etc. In fact, the esophageal mucosa is very delicate, and overheated food can easily scratch the esophageal mucosa. If this happens for a long time, it may lead to hyperplasia or canceration of the esophageal epithelial mucosa.
Given that carcinogenic factors are very complex, in addition to diet, there are also genetic, environmental and other factors.
1. Abnormal lumps appearing on the superficial part of the body.
2. Black moles and warts on the body surface will deepen or increase rapidly in a short period of time.
3. Abnormal sensations in the body: choking, pain, etc.
4. Unhealed ulcers on the skin or mucous membranes.
5. Persistent indigestion and loss of appetite.
6. Changes in bowel habits and traits or with blood.
7. Persistent hoarseness, dry cough, blood in sputum.
8. Hearing abnormalities, nosebleeds, headaches.
9. Abnormal vaginal bleeding, especially contact bleeding.
10. Painless hematuria, dysuria.
11. Unexplained fever, fatigue, and progressive weight loss.