Zhao Yun and Dayi: The Loyal Soul Still Strong From the Mountains and Rivers
□ Yang Qingzhen
Zhao Yun, courtesy name Zilong, was born in Zhending, Changshan (now Zhengding, Hebei), and was a famous general of Shu Han.
Zhao Yun's image is handsome, and Pei Songzhi's annotation "Three Kingdoms" called him "eight feet in length, majestic in appearance", and with high martial arts, respect for morality, and courage and loyalty.
The story of his single-riding savior and Hanshui breaking Cao is widely circulated.
In the seventh year of Jianxing of Shuhan (229), Zhao Yun died of illness in Chengdu.
Because Zhao Yun once fought against Qiang in Dayi, the later master Liu Chan was buried at the foot of Jinping Mountain (in the east of today's Dayi City, also known as Yinping Mountain).
Zhao Yun's noble moral conduct throughout his life has condensed into the Zilong spirit of "loyalty, righteousness, wisdom, benevolence, and courage", which is admired by future generations.
In Dayi, where he was buried, a deep love for Zilong was formed in the hearts of the general public, and it was gradually praised as Zilong culture.
The feat of martial arts still remains on Arrow Road Street
Dayi County, under the Xiling Snow Mountain, has beautiful scenery in four seasons.
Jinyuan Town, where the county seat is located, is backed by Jinping Mountain and surrounded by sloping rivers like a jade belt.
There are Zilong Street and Jiandao Street in the city, which are two bustling commercial streets, very lively.
The Jinghui Mountain Park in the east of the city is expected to be Qiang Terrace and Pingyun Pavilion, which can be visited for sightseeing.
In addition, many local ancient place names, such as Wangjunlou, Zhaizishan, Dubinggou, Baimagou, Shimagou, Zilong Temple, Zilong Temple, etc., are all related to one person - Zhao Yun.
At the end of the Han Dynasty, the warlords fought. Zhao Yun followed Liu Bei for nearly 30 years. He participated in the Battle of Bowangpo, the Battle of Changbanpo, and the Battle of Jiangnan. , known as the Changsheng General.
According to historical records, after the three kingdoms of Wei, Shu and Wu were basically formed, Zhao Yun once camped at Jinping Mountain in Dayi for many years.
Why garrison the front line of Dayi?
During the Shu and Han Dynasties, there was Hanjia County in the upper reaches of the Qingyi River. The county was governed by Hanjia County (now Lushan County), and the population was mainly Qingqiang.
At that time, Dayi was Jiangyuan County, Shu County, bordering Hanjia County, and wars occurred from time to time.
The "Biography of the First Sovereign" recorded the "Han-Jia rebellion": "In the second month of the winter of the second year of Zhangwu (222), Huang Yuan, the prefect of Hanjia, heard that the First Sovereign was unhesitating, and raised his troops to refuse to defend... the third year of Zhangwu (223). In March, Huang Yuan attacked Linqiong County." Zhang Wu is the title of Liu Bei's reign, and this historical data proves that the Qingqiang forces have developed to Qionglai, which is at the junction with Dayi.
In order to defend against intrusion, Zhao Yun built one pavilion on Jinping Mountain, namely Wangqiangtai and Pingyun Pavilion.
Today, along the mountain path in Dayi Jinghui Mountain Park, the top of the mountain is wrapped in white clouds, and the imitation crimson Wangqiangtai is hidden in the woods, and you can overlook the whole county town when you climb up.
There is a long stack wall under the Wangqiang platform, with gear-shaped stacks, which are covered by dense ferns.
The Pingyun Pavilion with raised cornices on the top of the mountain is an antique wooden building, but due to the age and mottled paint, it is also smudged by the deep woods to give it a simple taste.
Zhao Yun also built an earthen city.
According to the Records of Scenic Spots in the Middle of Shu: Shangchuan South Road (Volume 13) written by Cao Xuequan, a Jin scholar in the 23rd year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty, "Jinghui Mountain (the first mountain at the foot of Jinping Mountain), a name of Dongshan, the soil below the mountain According to legend, the city was built by Zhao Yun, a general of the Shu Han Dynasty, and Gai Yun tried to guard against Qiang here, and there are Yun tombs and temples.” The vicissitudes of history have changed, and the Tucheng has long since ceased to exist.
Today's prosperous Dayi County may be the present and future generations of Tucheng.
Zhao Yun's white horse, silver spear, wisdom and courage, and his heroic image is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people.
There are many stories circulating in Dayi, one of which can be called the Dayi version of "Seven Captures of Meng Huo", which shows his strategy of focusing on attack and war.
It is said that the strength of Qingqiang gradually increased, and one year, the leader Fan Bu summoned more than 10,000 horses to take Qiongzhou first, and approached Chengdu.
Zhao Yun had already set up the formation, and the two armies fought. Fan Bu was quickly defeated, but he refused to surrender. He said to Zhao Yun, "It's not worth it. I want to compare arrows with you. If you win, I will admit defeat."
Zhao Yun agreed, and then released Fanbu, and the two sides agreed to choose a day to discuss the arrow.
On that day, the sun was shining brightly, and several archery targets were erected on the top of Jinghui Mountain. The soldiers from both sides lined up on both sides of the shooting range, cheering and cheering.
Zhao Yun in a white robe appeared, and he and Fan Bu successively competed in riding, back, walking, running, oblique, kneeling, frontal, and upside-down shooting.
The soldiers were busy carrying arrows, and a road was stepped out of the grassy slope in front of Jinghui Mountain.
Finally, the two sides exchange target positions.
Zhao Yun flew out with an arrow, penetrating the burning cloth archery target.
Fan Bu was shocked and knelt down and surrendered, promising not to disturb him again.
Later, people named the path trodden by the two armies to carry arrows "Arrow Road Street", and built a spacious gravel road next to it and named it "Zilong Street".
Jiuzhai Joint Venture Wentao Wulue Shunping Hou
After the beginning of winter, the autumn wind is getting tighter, and a large number of sycamore leaves are golden paving the ground.
The masson pine trees all over the mountains and plains on Jinping Mountain stand upright like guards.
In the whistling wind, there seemed to be the shouts of thousands of troops.
Standing on the winding Jinping Mountain, looking at the tops of one mountain after another, it is like a folded splendid screen.
"Jinping Mountain" is worthy of the name, no wonder Zhao Yun will perform "Jiuzhai Company" here.
The autumn wind in the fallen leaves makes people feel like returning to the Shuhan era when war horses neighed and swords and swords shadowed.
Zhao Yun made great contributions to the establishment and stability of Shu Han.
He was stationed in Dayi and effectively defended against the enemy. Among the many relics he left behind, the most legendary is the "Jiuzhai Joint Venture".
According to legend, Zhao Yun set up Jiuzhai (or nine is an imaginary number) according to the terrain of Jinping Mountain to build a strong defense line against the enemy.
There is still Zhaizikou (the mountain ravine between Shengli Mountain and Jinyun Mountain on the side of Jinghui Mountain, which is called Zhaizikou by the locals), the mountain ravine is not too deep, it can be crossed in less than one li, and there is no left or right behind the mountain. It is far from Zhaizi Mountain and Zangbinggou, which are still connected by small roads today.
Zhao Yun, with white horse and silver spear and plain robe, is unparalleled in loyalty and courage, and is respected by the people as "Tiger General" and "Martial God".
However, in the Wuhou Temple in Chengdu, the image of Zhao Yun is an old man dressed in the attire of a civil servant and with a white beard.
Many tourists are puzzled: Isn't Zhao Yun the General of the Five Tigers?
According to the narrator, Wuhou Temple was built in the Tang Dynasty. The Tang people believed that Zhao Yun was capable of writing and martial arts, with superior wisdom and elegant demeanor, so the statue was the image of a civil official.
In fact, Zhao Yun does have a literary and military strategy.
In the nineteenth year of Jian'an in the Eastern Han Dynasty (214), Liu Zhang asked to surrender, and Liu Bei led the Yizhou Shepherd, wishing to distribute the famous land in Chengdu to the officials.
According to "Three Kingdoms: Zhao Yun's Biography", Zhao Yun disagreed and advised: "The people of Yizhou have been repeatedly attacked by arms and fire, and their fields and houses are empty; they should only be returned to the people, so that they can live in peace and resume business, and the people's hearts will be satisfied; it is not appropriate to take them as private rewards. ." This shows Zhao Yun's wisdom and Zhao Yun's feelings for the people.
It is said that Zhao Yun guards Dayi, loves the people like a son, actively develops agricultural production, and is deeply loved by the masses.
In the seventh year of Jianxing (229 years), Zhao Yun died at the age of 70. He was one of the few generals who died of death among the heroes of the Three Kingdoms.
There was a burial system of "granting ministers in the place of birth or main activity", so later master Liu Chan "buried Zhao Zilong in the east of Jinping Mountain in Chengdu, built a temple, and enjoyed sacrifices at four seasons".
In 241, the Shu Han posthumously named Zhao Yun the Marquis of Shunping with "the gentle and kindness is called Shun, the deacons have a class called Ping, and the overcoming of disasters is called Ping", which shows that the Shuhan regime gave Zhao Yun a high degree of affirmation.
Qingshan in the east of Dayi City is fortunate to bury the bones of loyalty
On the Qingming Festival in 2019, a special guest from Zhengding, Hebei visited Dayi and paid a special visit to Zhao Yun's tomb.
They are the descendants of the Zhao family in Zhao Yun's hometown. They brought a bag of soil from Zhengding and sprinkled it on the hero's tomb.
After the worship, he respectfully dug a jar of tomb soil from the tomb and brought it back to Zhengding for worship.
In recent years, people from the Zhao Zilong Research Association of Hebei Province often come to Dayi to worship Zhao Yun.
Zhao Yun's tomb is located at the foot of Jinping Mountain, one kilometer east of Dayi County, which is also called Yinping Mountain locally.
Zilong Tomb was announced as a county-level cultural relics protection unit by the Dayi County Government in 1961.
In 1985, it was announced as a city-level cultural relics protection unit by the Chengdu Municipal Government.
In 1996, it was announced as a provincial key cultural relics protection unit by the Sichuan Provincial Government.
The enclosure of Zhao Yun's tomb is 2.3 meters high and semi-circular; it is shaped like a hill with a circumference of 29.1 meters.
A tombstone with a width of 1 meter and a height of 2.5 meters is erected in the center, with large seal characters engraved on it: "The Tomb of Zhao Yun, Marquis of Shunping of Han". There is a plaque on it: "Eternal Lie Qianqiu".
The entire cemetery is built on the mountain, surrounded by red walls, surrounded by green cypresses and bamboos.
At that time, there was a Shinto in front of the tomb, and it has been found that the bottom of the Shinto stele is surrounded by four layers of stone strips progressively to form a circle, and the upper part is made of rammed earth.
Regarding the tomb of Zhao Yun in Dayi, there are solid records in history.
"Qing Tongzhi Qiongzhou" (Volume 300) contains: "The Tomb of Zhao Yun is located in Dongsanli, Dayi County." In the East Erli of Dayi County, there is a stone tablet engraved with the tomb of the Han general Zhao Zilong."
There used to be a temple in front of Zhao Yun's tomb, also known as the General's Temple, which was destroyed by the Bing Xian in the late Ming Dynasty.
In the tenth year of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty (1671), the magistrate Li Deyao rebuilt the tomb and built a shrine.
The Qianlong edition of "Dayi County Chronicle" includes "The Tomb of General Zhao of the Marquis of Shunping of Han Dynasty" written by Li Deyao, which is brilliant in writing and earnest, and it is written: "It is the general who does not have his own body, but dies with his own body. The vast borders deter the enemy, the new year is about to go to bed, and the horse mane has been sealed and passed down for thousands of years. Is it true that its loyalty is true to gold and stone, revealing the sun and the moon, and it is so long? I don’t know how many people are hanging on the ancients. Once the golden horses and iron horses stir up the river, the paintings will turn to ashes, the fertile fields will be thorns, and the generals’ tombs will be lonely and desolate among the grass, a good and sad husband!”
Later, three large-scale repairs were carried out during the Qianlong and Jiaqing years, and repairs and expansions were carried out during the Daoguang and Xianfeng years.
Zilong Temple once became a temple with three major halls, and the people worshipped with incense.
In 1930, the lotus pond, building platform, Pingmei Pavilion, Xiaocangzhou, Zhanhe Pavilion and other pavilions and pavilions were added, making Zilong Temple more spacious and beautiful.
Every year in the third month of the lunar calendar, Zilong Temple will hold a 10-day temple fair, which is very popular with tourists from far and near.
In the 1960s and 1970s, Chengguan Town Part-time Technical School (the predecessor of Dayi County Vocational High School) moved into Zilong Temple.
After 2008, the school moved out from Zilong Temple.
In recent years, the local government of Dayi plans to restore the main hall, wing rooms, Yinshan Mountain, Lotus Pond, Zhanhe Pavilion, and Xiao Cangzhou of Zilong Temple and open them as scenic spots.
The Zilong culture at the foot of Jinping Mountain shines
the river is long and tempestuous, it was like a hero.
How many unparalleled heroes are deeply immersed in the quagmire of history.
However, the famous general Zhao Yun did not lose his brilliance due to the passage of time.
When Lu You, a poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, was serving as a judge in Shuzhou, he once traveled with friends to Dayi with wine.
After he climbed to Jinping Mountain, he wrote a chronicle poem "Pingyun Pavilion": "Wherever the glutinous rice and glutinous mash is tilted, the golden ao can walk on the back. The sky hangs on the green fields on three sides, and the clouds are as flat as the Zhu Lan. The smoke tree There is a slight doubt and misunderstanding of the ink, and the wind is bleak and there is a new voice. The yellow flowers have not spit out much hatred, but they are also better than Xianglai."
This poem gives us a glimpse of the beautiful scenery of Jinping Mountain in the Southern Song Dynasty.
The time should be early autumn, when the yellow chrysanthemums in the mountains are beginning to bloom, the wind is blowing and making clear sounds, the white clouds are lingering on the top of the green mountains, and there is an endless green field at the bottom of the mountain.
Fangweng put the wine in the wind, leaned on the "Zhu Lan" and looked into the distance. He was full of high-spirited spirit and full of love for the scenery of Shu, but there were not many places to stay.
I wonder if Fangweng thought of Shu Han at that time?
Think of Zhao Yun, who gallops on a horse and is loyal and can learn from?
A generation of good generals rested at the foot of Jinping Mountain.
Aoyama is still there, How Many Suns.
The people of Sri Lanka have gone, but the spirit of Zilong is still being spread and respected.
Today, Dayi County actively inherits and promotes Zilong culture. Zilong Street Primary School, Zilong Cultural Research Association, Zilong Cultural Forum, Zilong Cultural Hotel, Zilong Cultural Boutique Linpan, etc. are flourishing on this fertile soil.
Some experts believe that as a person with strong Confucian culture, Zhao Yun possesses "loyalty, righteousness, wisdom, benevolence, and courage", and has ideals, beliefs, morality, and feelings.
His heroic feelings, especially the capitalized "loyalty" on him, and his moral concepts such as sympathy for the weak, fairness and justice, abiding by contracts, and paying attention to credibility still have extensive social practical significance.
Nowadays, Zilong Street Primary School is full of books, reading Romance of the Three Kingdoms and telling the story of Zilong. Children are growing up under the infiltration of Zilong culture.
In the Zilong Culture Forum held every year, the participating scholars made interpretations and interpretations of Zhao Yun in the new era, so "Changshan Zhao Zilong" gained new meaning and connotation.
The wheel of time rolled forward, crushing the past.
The three kingdoms of the past is history, and the success or failure of the past is nothing but turned around.
Standing on the Jinping Mountain, the author looks hard into the depths of history.
In the smoke and dust in the depths of that time, a dazzling white flame was clearly shaking.
The white horse neighs, the silver spear shines, and a generation of heroic generals returns with their souls.
Figure according to Dayi County Cultural Administration