"Double reduction" to build a "new ecosystem" for basic education
The "double reduction" policy has been implemented for more than 4 months. How do students, parents and teachers feel?
The reporter visited many primary and secondary schools in Shanghai a few days ago and found that changes were taking place in the middle of the semester.
Accompanied by the "double reduction" of the burden of students' homework and off-campus training, it is the gradual "double increase" of the school's professional service capabilities and diversified resource supply capabilities.
People-centered, student development-oriented, through the construction of high-quality homework system, excellent free online learning services, implementation of the "full tutor system", and improvement of the quality of after-school services, the main role of the campus has been strengthened.
The baton of "double reduction" starts from the micro level, and it is the overall reform of basic education, and it is committed to building a "new ecosystem" centered on educating people.
Design every assignment
"With less homework, it's more interesting!" said An Shangchen, a fourth-grade student at Jiuting No. 4 Primary School in Songjiang District, Shanghai. Many students feel this way.
Behind the few but precise homework is a "homework battle" carried out by the teachers with "embroidery" skills.
In Jiuting No. 4 Primary School, teachers use the form of "triple jump" to design flexible homework, use "friendship reminder card" to distinguish the difficulty of homework, and provide students with independent choices, so that children with learning difficulties can "get enough food" and make them difficult to learn. The struggling children "use their brains", but also make the students who have spare time to "jump".
Cross-disciplinary comprehensive assignments cultivate students’ creative problem-solving skills; practical assignments encourage students to enter social classrooms and explore food culture, museums, historical sites, hometown beauty, etc.
The openness and practical strategies of homework extend to all disciplines and integrate into the teaching and learning of every teacher and student.
Small homework, big essay.
As an important part of classroom teaching, homework plays an important role in diagnosis, evaluation and guidance. Strengthening homework management is not only a key area to improve teaching quality, but also a school's due meaning for implementing the main responsibility of "double reduction".
Designing each homework well will drive the construction of the school's connotation, stimulate the enthusiasm and ability of students to learn, and test the professionalism of educators.
In Sanmen Middle School in Yangpu District, Shanghai, a set of feedback, guidance and comment mechanisms around homework has become a "weapon" for reducing burdens and increasing efficiency.
According to Liu Ruihua, the dean of the school's teaching director, this semester, most students can complete most of the day's homework during the school's after-school service hours, especially the teacher's personalized guidance, making it a reality that "difficulties do not go out of school".
"Students have a half-hour lunch break, and the classroom efficiency in the afternoon has been significantly improved. This is also a bonus released by the'double reduction'."
It is understood that Shanghai has always attached great importance to homework design. In 2018, the results of “homework research” won the first prize of national teaching achievement in basic education.
On this basis, Shanghai has successively issued primary school homework design and implementation instruction manuals, junior high school homework design and implementation instruction manuals, and introduced a series of related measures to strengthen the management of compulsory education schools.
In combination with the new requirements of "double reduction", Shanghai continues to make efforts in job design and job guidance.
In the near future, the guidance on "school-based homework system construction" will be issued, focusing on grassroots applications, highlighting teachers' operability, and launching full-staff training to focus on improving teachers' homework design capabilities.
"We must give full play to the various roles of homework in teaching, so that students can have a pleasant experience in homework, perceive the meaning of learning, construct knowledge, and develop abilities." Yang Zhenfeng, deputy director of the Shanghai Municipal Education Commission, told reporters.
There are famous teachers online and mentors offline
This semester, all the children in the sixth grade of Shanghai World Foreign Language Middle School have a "signed" tutor.
Find a tutor if there is difficulty, or find a tutor if there is confusion, and complement the work of the head teacher. The tutor pays more attention to the individual needs of students in their growth, and provides companionship care and precise guidance for "paired" students, so as to relieve academic pressure and enhance growth confidence.
The mentor also shoulders the responsibility of being a "bridge" for communication between home and school.
The grandfather of Shen Hanting, Penglai Road No. 2 Primary School in Huangpu District, said that since having a "signed" tutor, not only the children have more "teacher friends", but the parents also have more channels to get to know their children and feel more at ease.
This is Shanghai's first full-staff mentor system in the country.
Previously, the full-staff mentor system has been piloted for one year in 186 primary and secondary schools in 12 districts in Shanghai. The new semester will begin in September this year. It will achieve full coverage in all grades of junior high schools and key grades of primary and senior high schools. The goal is "Every student has a tutor. Every teacher is a mentor."
In order to cooperate with the promotion of the full-staff mentor system, Shanghai actively carried out professional resource development and training research and guidance, and issued the "Teacher-student Relations Guidance Manual", "Home-School Communication Guidance Manual", and "Homework Proposition Guidance Manual", and implemented municipal seed teacher training simultaneously. , To start the full training of district and school teachers.
Min Hui, deputy secretary of the Shanghai Municipal Education and Health Work Party Committee and deputy director of the Shanghai Municipal Education Commission, said that the full-staff mentor system is an important measure for Shanghai to implement the "double reduction" policy and give full play to the role of teachers in educating and guiding the way. The purpose is to build a harmonious teacher and student. Relationship, family-school relationship, form a joint force for educating people, and promote the healthy and happy growth of every student.
There are mentors offline and famous teachers online.
In September this year, "Shanghai Air Classroom" launched an upgraded version with a new column "Famous Teachers Face to Face".
Excellent teachers teach students knowledge and answer questions through TV screens and online lectures.
Behind the column is a super "famous teacher team"-a team of volunteers composed of more than 400 special-grade teachers, senior teachers, and "double-name project" team teachers in Shanghai.
This outstanding teacher "cloud sharing" initiative has been welcomed by students and parents.
It is generally reported that the rich online resources have become a "treasure house" for personalized learning and teacher professional development after the "double reduction".
Up to now, the cumulative viewership of the "Famous Teachers Face to Face" column has reached 3.543 million.
When the role of teachers is further highlighted and the role of teachers is fully brought into play, students can better return to the campus in learning.
At present, relying on the construction of a close learning group, Shanghai is accelerating the promotion of high-quality and balanced compulsory education, promoting the orderly flow of excellent teachers, and creating a new and tighter teaching community.
All this revolves around paying more attention to students and serving the differentiated educational needs of students; gathering more excellent teachers to share high-quality educational resources.
Whether it’s an online “never ending classroom” or an offline “full-staff mentor system”, Shanghai hopes that through both the symptoms and root causes, through practical innovation and system innovation, it will continue to strengthen the supply of high-quality educational resources and enhance professional service capabilities, so as to achieve the goal of serving the party. The goal of educating people and educating talents for the country.
Revitalize resources inside and outside the school
Where to go after school?
After the "double reduction", Shanghai primary and secondary schools provided fresh samples of after-school services.
According to data from the Ministry of Education’s “Double Reduction” School Direct Reporting System, 100% of Shanghai’s compulsory education schools provide after-school services; 1.325 million students participated, achieving full coverage of their willingness to stay and stay; all schools can achieve 5 per week. No less than 2 hours per day.
These indicators are in the forefront of the country.
One district, one policy, one school, one plan, and the quality of after-school services has been continuously improved.
Shanghai Meiyuan Middle School provides students with experience courses such as drum music and aerobics in the form of "shift system" in the after-school service. Students register according to their interests and rotate every semester to ensure that every student has the opportunity to participate.
The Sixth Central Primary School in Hongkou District develops and constructs the "Campus WeChat After-Class Service Intelligent Platform". Students choose courses on the platform every month and generate a "One Form for Life".
The reporter learned that the current after-school services in primary and secondary schools in Shanghai are mainly undertaken by teachers of the school, and 94.1% of teachers have devoted themselves to after-school services, demonstrating their responsibility and deeds.
The Shanghai Municipal Education Commission encourages districts and schools to explore humane measures such as flexible commuting, rest breaks, and provision of dinner convenience for teachers, and guarantees in terms of financial funds to ensure that participating teachers earn income.
In order to enrich the school's after-school service resources, Shanghai continues to revitalize its internal and external resources, and solicits various online courses for quality-oriented after-school services.
According to professional evaluation, 985 art, sports, science and technology courses (including activities) from 337 institutions (units) have been shortlisted for the first batch of "Shanghai Quality Education Quality Curriculum Project Resources", which are open to all compulsory education schools for free.
High-quality after-school services require a strong support system.
With insufficient teacher resources, Shanghai encourages all districts to establish teaching assistant teams and integrate retired teachers, volunteers and other qualified professionals as a supplementary force for after-school services.
The youth activity centers, children's palaces, and juvenile science stations in various districts of Shanghai also actively cooperate with schools in the area to "hand in hand" to carry out after-school services.
Preliminary statistics show that 11,414 retired teachers, social professional organizations, non-disciplinary training institutions and other professional forces have been introduced into the after-school services of schools in various districts of Shanghai.
The "Five Education Days" of Xuhui District Youth Activity Center covers primary and middle schools in the area.
Huangpu District Youth Art Activity Center "sends classes to campus", providing more than 100 public welfare after-school service courses to about 5,000 students every week.
Compared with before the "double reduction", the curriculum has increased by more than 50%.
Insist on establishing morality and fostering people, revitalizing and integrating resources inside and outside the school, the big pattern of "education" of school-community linkage and library-school linkage is taking shape.
During the year, Shanghai will also launch the "Shanghai Compulsory Education After-school Service Work Guide", in a new form of sharing, openness, and coordination, and jointly regulate and explore the quality of after-school services for young people's comprehensive development needs in a new form of sharing, openness, and coordination.
How to "increase" and "strengthen" under the "double reduction", whether to innovate methods and improve ability, use "double reduction" as the starting point to instigate the basic education reform, and build a "new ecosystem of the whole society's joint efforts to educate people? "——The challenge has just begun.
(Our reporter Yan Weiqi and Ren Peng)