The tortoise shell of Shang Dynasty inscriptions on diseases, the human model of the meridians more than 2,000 years ago, the silver pill box of Tang Dynasty ink book collected in Hejiacun cellar in Shaanxi... At the Chengdu Museum "Discover the Beauty of Traditional Chinese Medicine-Special Exhibition of Traditional Chinese Medicine Cultural Relics", from the site More than 300 pieces (sets) of cultural relics exhibits from more than 30 units in 15 provinces and cities across the country tell the long history and rich connotation of Chinese medicine, which is eye-opening.
"Traditional Chinese Medicine is the crystallization of the wisdom of the Chinese nation. It is rooted in the soil of the Chinese civilization. It has gradually formed and developed continuously in the practice of production and life for thousands of years. It has made great contributions to the multiplication of the Chinese nation and made a positive contribution to the progress of world civilization. “Influence.” said Ren Ge, the curator of Chengdu Museum. Under the guidance and support of the national, provincial, and municipal authorities, the exhibition was launched by dozens of relevant units within the Chengdu Museum through the collective efforts of the Chengdu Museum and through the professional interpretation of cultural relics. , The system presents a broad and profound Chinese medicine culture.
The exhibition hall outlines the origin and development of Chinese medicine.
China is a multi-ethnic country with a long history, and each ethnic group has its own medical creation and accumulation.
In addition to Han traditional medicine, "Chinese medicine" in a broad sense also includes Tibetan medicine, Mongolian medicine, Uyghur medicine, Manchu medicine, Yi medicine, Dai medicine and many other ethnic medicines.
In the prologue hall, you can see the meridian-painted portraits unearthed from the Han Tomb of Laoguanshan in Chengdu.
This is the earliest and most complete acupoint body model seen in China, reflecting the level of development of Chinese medicine about 2,200 years ago.
A piece of Xixia medicine prescription paper with black characters on a red background was unearthed in Wuwei, Gansu. It is one of only two Xixia medicine documents in China.
There are 3 prescriptions for treating typhoid fever and cold-qi disease on the paper, each separated by "o", which are decoction, pill and single prescription respectively.
The exhibition is divided into "Heaven and Man: Recognition of Life and Disease", "Benevolence: Diagnosis and Treatment of Disease", "Applying the Right Medicine: Materia Medica and Prescriptions", "Hands to Diseases: Acupuncture and Other Non-drug Therapies". Preventing trouble before it happens: "Pandemic Prevention and Control" 5 units.
There are various types of cultural relics on display. Document carriers include oracle bones, bamboo slips, silk books, scrolls, thread-bound books, etc. The physical objects include gold, silver, copper, iron, pottery, porcelain, jade, textiles, etc.
The "Yin-Yang Five Elements" exhibited in the first unit was unearthed from the Mawangdui Han Tomb in Changsha, Hunan.
This book is a manuscript of mathematics based on the theory of Yin and Yang and the Five Elements. It is a manuscript of the Western Han Dynasty (187-180 BC) in the Western Han Dynasty. It is about 100 cm in length and 50 cm in width after restoration.
Du Kang, the curator of the exhibition and the head of the Folk Cultural Relics Department of Chengdu Museum, introduced that the five elements of Yin and Yang are the simple dialectical materialism of ancient Chinese. Traditional Chinese medicine uses the concept of five elements of Yin and Yang to explain human life phenomena, physiological functions, pathological changes, and disease diagnosis and treatment. Formed a holistic view of life centered on Tibetan elephants, meridians, and spirits.
Tianhui medical bamboo slips are important medical documents in the early Western Han Dynasty.
In 2012, a large number of medical bamboo slips were discovered in the northern and southern bottom chambers of Han Tomb No. 3, Laoguanshan, Tianhui Town, Chengdu. This is by far the largest number of archaeological discoveries of medical bamboo slips unearthed at one time.
Researchers believe that this batch of medical slips and the meridian lacquer man from the tomb together reflect the "Meridian Medicine" system of Bian Que and Cang Gong.
The application of TCM theory to clinical practice is the diagnosis and treatment of diseases by doctors.
According to different treatment objects or parts, traditional Chinese medicine has long appeared in internal medicine, external medicine, gynecology, pediatrics, five sense organs, orthopedics and other medical branches, and gradually formed its own distinctive medical schools.
There are many medical instruments in the exhibition, reflecting the clinical diagnosis and treatment process of Chinese medicine.
The pulse pillow is an instrument that is placed under the patient's wrist by the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine to act as a cushion when the pulse is diagnosed.
The celadon-glazed twisted beast porcelain vein pillow from Ningbo Museum has an oval surface with a twisted beast embedded in the middle, with brown ganoderma lucidum pattern, and the lower part is seated by the beast.
This pillow has a unique shape and a crystal and moist glaze. It is a treasure of Yue kiln porcelain in the Tang Dynasty.
Before a set of traditional Chinese medicine surgical instruments, many visitors looked closely and took photos.
This set of utensils was unearthed from the tomb of Xiazheng in Jiangyin, Jiangsu, and includes more than 10 pieces of flat-blade iron knives, willow-leaf iron knives, bone stick needles, iron scissors, copper tweezers and porcelain smoked jars.
The owner of the tomb, Xia Qian, was a famous Confucian doctor in the early Ming Dynasty. Later generations praised him for "learning extensively and doing good, administering medicine to benefit the poor, and using acupuncture to help people."
This set of medical equipment reflects the level of development of traditional Chinese medicine surgery and external treatment at that time.
Since ancient times, traditional Chinese medicine has always played an important role in cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries.
"Theory of Epidemic Disease", written by Wu Youxing in the Ming Dynasty and revised by Ogimoto Kai of Japan, is a material evidence of the spread of Chinese medicine culture to the outside world.
"Theory of Epidemic Disease" was written in the fifteenth year of Chongzhen in the Ming Dynasty (1642), and it spread to Japan and appeared in publications during the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty (1662-1722).
The "Theory of Epidemic Disease" exhibited this time is a block-printed copy of Shangshutang and Shangdetang at the Imperial Capital of Japan Minghe Jicho (1769).
"The Essence of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine" is the earliest work in China to discuss the fusion of Chinese and Western medicine. It was compiled by Tang Zonghai in the Qing Dynasty.
He pointed out in the book that Western medicine is better at "forms", Chinese medicine is better at "Qihua", and both Chinese and Western medicines have their own shortcomings. He advocates that "profits and losses are based on ancient and modern" and "considering Chinese and foreign", and tried to use Western medical anatomy, physiology and other knowledge to confirm the theory of Chinese medicine. .
The "Five Kinds of Chinese and Western Medical Books" in the exhibition is a lithograph from the Shanghai Qianqingtang Publishing House in the 33rd year of the Guangxu period of the Qing Dynasty (1907). There are 12 volumes in this series, including 5 medical books.
In order to cooperate with this exhibition, Chengdu Museum also launched interactive Q&A activities on the network platform, and held lectures on Qing palace medicine, archaeological unearthed medical slips, health culture and other topics, so as to explain the knowledge of traditional Chinese medicine in simple terms.
Liu Yuguo