China News Service, September 18, China CDC WeChat public account released on the 18th the 2021 Mid-Autumn National Day holiday health reminder.
It pointed out that the Mid-Autumn Festival and National Day holiday is approaching, and the peak period of tourism and visiting relatives and friends will soon be ushered in various places.
In order to safely and healthily enjoy the good season of autumn and good time with relatives and friends, the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention warmly reminds: This year's Mid-Autumn National Day holiday, we must focus on the prevention of new coronary pneumonia, norovirus enteritis, hand, foot and mouth disease, animal-borne diseases and food poisoning. Prevention and prevention.
The key tips are as follows:
1. Prevention of New Coronary Pneumonia:
Avoid going to high-risk areas of the epidemic, especially avoid unnecessary cross-border travel.
Continue to do a good job of self-protection, insist on wearing masks, maintain social distancing, do personal hygiene, and keep the environment well ventilated.
Before traveling, learn about the destination's epidemic prevention and control policies and measures in advance, and prepare personal protective equipment.
Avoid places with crowds, confined spaces, and poor ventilation.
Continue to do a good job of self-health monitoring. When suspicious symptoms occur, you should seek medical treatment in time if you take measures to prevent infection of others.
2. Norovirus enteritis prevention:
Wash your hands frequently.
Do not eat uncooked and cooked food and unpasteurized milk.
Do not drink raw water.
Do not eat unclean fruits and vegetables.
Do not touch the patient, patient's vomit, excrement and its contaminated materials, or pollute the environment.
3. Prevention of hand, foot and mouth disease:
Pay attention to personal hygiene, especially hand hygiene.
Do not share items with others, do not touch patients and their contaminated items, or pollute the environment, and do not swim or play in undisinfected swimming pools.
During the epidemic of hand, foot and mouth disease, try to avoid taking children to participate in group activities.
4. Prevention of animal-borne diseases:
Avoid entering wild birds, marmots and other animal habitats, and do not touch or eat wild animals.
Try to avoid direct contact with any animals, especially animals of unknown origin. If animals are found dead and sick, they are not handled privately.
Do not buy live poultry from live poultry markets, live poultry stalls in farmers’ markets, or mobile vendors.
Don't eat uncooked and cooked animal products.
Choose fresh and safe animal food raw materials, and separate raw and cooked raw materials during processing.
5. Food poisoning prevention:
Choose a formal restaurant or restaurant with good sanitary conditions.
Do not eat food of unknown origin.
Do not collect or eat unidentified wild mushrooms and wild plants.
Characteristics of related risks and specific preventive measures
1. Novel coronavirus pneumonia
New coronary pneumonia cases continue to be imported into my country, and the local epidemic situation is generally sporadic, and clusters of epidemics occur from time to time in some areas.
On September 15th, most areas of my country were low-risk areas. Only Xianyou County, Putian City, Fujian Province, Tong'an District, Xiamen City, and Quangang District, Quanzhou City, had medium- and high-risk areas.
However, the global epidemic is currently in the high plateau period of the third peak, and the epidemic of new crown pneumonia in many countries and regions outside the country continues to be prevalent.
During the Mid-Autumn Festival and National Day holiday in 2021, overseas epidemics will continue to spread at a high level, and the risk of imported epidemics in the country and continued local transmission will continue to exist.
The source of infection of new coronary pneumonia is mainly confirmed cases and asymptomatic infections.
It is mainly spread through respiratory droplets and close contact. Contact with virus-contaminated items can also cause infection. If exposed to high concentrations of aerosols in a relatively closed environment, there is a possibility of aerosol transmission.
The crowd is generally susceptible.
A certain degree of immunity can be obtained after infection or after vaccination with the new crown vaccine.
The clinical manifestations are mainly fever, dry cough, and fatigue. Some patients have diminished or lost sense of smell and taste as the first symptoms. A few patients have symptoms such as nasal congestion, runny nose, sore throat, conjunctivitis, myalgia, and diarrhea.
Main preventive measures
1. At present, the epidemic situation in many countries abroad is serious, and the risk of infection for individuals traveling abroad is high.
According to local prevention and control policies, entry personnel must provide a strict double-negative test certificate (those with a history of vaccination only need a negative nucleic acid test), and must be isolated for medical observation for 14 days plus 7 days of home health monitoring after entry.
It is recommended that individuals fully weigh the timing and necessity of travel and avoid unnecessary cross-border travel.
2. At present, only Xianyou County of Putian City, Fujian Province, Tongan District of Xiamen City, and Quangang District of Quanzhou City have medium and high risk areas.
The risk level of the new crown epidemic in various parts of my country can be inquired in real time in the column of the State Council website (bmfw.www.gov.cn/yqfxdjcx/risk.html), the mobile phone application "State Council Client" or the WeChat applet.
3. During holidays, self-protection should be strengthened, wearing masks, keeping social distance, personal hygiene, and keeping the environment well ventilated.
Avoid activities in crowded, confined spaces, and poorly ventilated places.
4. Before traveling, learn about the destination's new crown epidemic prevention policies and measures in advance, and prepare personal protective equipment such as masks, hand sanitizers, and disinfectant wipes.
The policies and measures for the prevention and control of the new crown epidemic in various parts of my country can be inquired in real time in the column of the State Council website (www.gov.cn/zhuanti/2021yqfkgdzc/index.htm), the mobile phone application "State Council Client" or the WeChat applet.
5. During travel, when taking airplanes, trains, cars, ships and other transportation means, you must abide by order and crew management requirements, wear masks throughout the journey, do hand hygiene, and properly keep receipts for itinerary inquiries.
If symptoms such as fever, dry cough, fatigue, decreased sense of smell or loss of sense of smell or loss occur during the journey, if measures are taken to prevent infecting others, you should immediately go to the nearest medical institution and cancel or suspend the journey.
6. After returning from travel, you should observe yourself for 14 days. Once you have suspicious symptoms, you should seek medical attention in time and actively inform your doctor of your travel history if you take measures to prevent infection of others.
7. During the holidays, vaccinations should also be vaccinated according to the schedule, and the vaccination should not be affected by travel.
2. Norovirus enteritis
Norovirus enteritis can occur throughout the year, with a high incidence in winter and spring in my country.
Norovirus enteritis is likely to cause a large number of people to get sick in a short period of time in densely populated places such as schools, nurseries, and hospitals.
Epidemics often occur in tour groups, cruise ships, and holiday centers. In recent years, my country has reported several outbreaks of domestic and foreign tour groups.
People usually get infected through the following ways: eating or drinking food or water contaminated by norovirus, touching objects or surfaces contaminated by the virus and putting their fingers in their mouths, contacting people infected with the virus (such as caring for patients, sharing food with patients or sharing tableware).
Shellfish and seafood such as oysters and raw fruits and vegetables are also common foods that cause infections.
Norovirus enteritis is mainly mild. The most common clinical symptoms are vomiting and diarrhea, followed by nausea, abdominal pain, headache, fever, chills and muscle aches. Most patients recover after 2-3 days of symptoms.
A small number of cases will develop into severe illness or even death. The high-risk groups of severe illness or death are the elderly and young children.
Main preventive measures
Wash your hands frequently, especially before meals and after going to the toilet, and before processing food;
Do not drink raw water;
Do not eat unboiled cooked food and unpasteurized milk. Shellfish and seafood such as oysters should be consumed after deep processing;
Fruits and vegetables should be washed carefully before eating. Do not eat unclean fruits and vegetables.
Do not touch the patient, patient's vomit, excrement and its contaminated materials, and the environment.
Patients with norovirus enteritis should be isolated from the illness period to 3 days after recovery. Mild patients can be isolated at home or in the institution where the epidemic occurred, and severe patients need to be sent to medical institutions for isolation and treatment.
The environment or surface of objects contaminated by the patient’s vomit or excrement should be cleaned and disinfected by trained personnel with chlorine-containing disinfectants or other effective disinfectants, and the contaminated clothing or bed sheets should be taken off and cleaned immediately. Wear a mask and rubber or disposable gloves, and carefully clean and disinfect your hands after washing.
3. Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease
Hand, foot and mouth disease is a common infectious disease in children.
my country is the season of high incidence of hand-foot-mouth disease from April to June each year. In some areas (especially in the south), there will be a small peak in autumn from October to November.
Hand, foot and mouth disease is mainly infected through close contact with the patient's feces, herpes fluid, nasopharyngeal secretions, saliva, and contact with contaminated hands, towels, handkerchiefs, dental cups, toys, tableware, baby bottles, bedding and other items or the environment.
Hand, foot and mouth disease is usually mild and self-limiting, and can be fully recovered after 7-10 days of disease.
Children often have fever, loss of appetite, fatigue, or sore throat at the beginning of the onset.
After 1-2 days of fever, blisters appear on the tongue, gums and/or the inner side of the cheeks and other oral parts, and the pain is obvious. These blisters are small red spots at the beginning and then form ulcers.
In addition, most children will have a rash on the palms and soles of the feet. The rash is usually not itchy. Some rashes have blisters. Other parts such as the buttocks, knees, elbows, and trunk may also have rashes.
Some cases have no fever.
A small number of patients will have serious complications, such as encephalitis, brainstem encephalitis, acute flaccid paralysis, pulmonary edema, pulmonary hemorrhage, and cardiopulmonary failure.
Main preventive measures
Pay attention to personal hygiene, especially hand hygiene.
Wash your hands with clean water, hand sanitizer or soap before touching your mouth and nose, before eating and after going to the toilet, before processing food, after contact with herpes/respiratory secretions, changing diapers or handling items contaminated by feces;
Cover your mouth and nose with a handkerchief or tissue when sneezing or coughing, and then wrap the tissue in a covered trash can;
Do not share towels or other personal items with others;
Do not touch patients and their contaminated materials or pollute the environment;
Do not swim or play in undisinfected swimming pools.
Frequently clean and disinfect frequently touched objects or surfaces, such as toys, furniture, etc., after cleaning, wipe or soak disinfection with a chlorine-containing disinfectant. After 30 minutes of action, wipe or rinse with clean water.
The patient’s nasopharyngeal secretions, vomit, feces and their contaminated objects and environmental pollution should be cleaned and disinfected by trained personnel.
During the epidemic of hand, foot and mouth disease, try to avoid taking children to participate in group activities.
4. Animal-borne diseases
Humans may be infected with poultry through contact with animals (such as feeding, petting, slaughter, peeling, processing, etc.), eating uncooked animal products (such as meat, eggs, milk, etc.), and contacting the environment of animal habitats. Influenza, plague, rabies, brucellosis, anthrax and other animal-borne diseases.
Main preventive measures
Avoid entering wild birds, marmots and other animal habitats, and do not touch or eat wild animals.
Try to avoid direct contact with any animals, especially animals of unknown origin. If animals are found dead and sick, they are not handled privately.
Do not buy live poultry from live poultry markets, farmer’s market live poultry stalls or mobile vendors, and encourage the purchase of chilled or chilled poultry that has been slaughtered and processed in a centralized manner.
Do not eat animal products such as uncooked meat, eggs, and milk.
Choose fresh and safe animal food raw materials, and pay attention to separate raw and cooked raw materials during processing.
5. Food poisoning
May-October is the month with a high incidence of food poisoning in my country.
During holidays, the chances of gathering and eating out increase, and the risk of food poisoning also increases.
Food poisoning caused by microorganisms is the most common in the mainland of my country, and other poisonings such as wild fungi and wild plants also occur from time to time.
Wild fungus poisoning can cause functional or organic damage to the human body, and even life-threatening.
Food poisoning usually develops acutely within a short period of time after a meal, with symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, etc.; abdominal pain above, persistent mid-abdomen or paroxysmal colic is more common, and vomit is mostly eaten food; often vomits first and then diarrhea .
Main preventive measures
Pay attention to food safety.
When dining out, pay attention to choosing a formal restaurant or restaurant with good sanitary conditions.
Do not eat food of unknown origin, do not collect or eat unidentified wild mushrooms and wild plants.
Do not eat uncooked and cooked food and unpasteurized milk.
Do not eat unclean fruits and vegetables.
Choose fresh and safe food raw materials, and pay attention to separate raw and cooked foods during processing.