This afternoon, Sunday, August 15, 2021, the Taliban managed to take control of the presidential palace in the Afghan capital, Kabul, and the city's military airport, after the security forces fled and President Ashraf Ghani left for Tajikistan.
27 years have passed since the emergence of the Taliban, and throughout these years it was a major and difficult figure in the political equation in Afghanistan.
Now you are at the forefront of the scene in this country that has been exhausted by wars and conflicts.
first cell
The Islamic movement for students of religious schools known as the Taliban (plural of the word student in the Pashto language) was established in Kandahar province, located in the southwest of the country on the border with Pakistan, in 1994 by Mullah Muhammad Omar Mujahid.
July 1994
: the
first movement after the
cell emerged that met 53 of the
religious school students ,
"Singh walked" Kandahar then the
area moved to the
area "Nkhud booth" and began to
disarm the
Mujahideen groups and the
removal of
checkpoints established to collect royalties on public roads and seized On the Directorate of Argustan.
August
/ August 1994
: religious school students swore allegiance to
Mullah Mohammad Omar , a
prince to
them, and have
agreed to collect weapons and restore security and stability, and the
removal of
checkpoints and collect royalties.
October
/ October 1994
: The Taliban has
expanded its activities from the Directorate taken over by the
"Spin Boldak ,
" border, and seized weapons and ammunition stores central South Western States of the
Islamic Party ,
led by
Hekmatyar ,
one of the
largest stores of
arms in Afghanistan.
November 3, 1994
: emerged as the
name of the
Taliban in the
international for the
first time after the
media success in the
rescue convoy the
Pakistani government sent to the
country that was
intercepted ,
led by
Mansoor Agha Gilani group, and was
able to
Taliban rescue convoy and the
execution of the
commander of a
group Gilani with some of
his comrades.
November 5, 1994
: the
city of
Kandahar ,
but the
Taliban fell after the
fighting claimed the
lives of
40 people.
November
and December / December 1994
: it captured Taliban States neighboring without resistance Fbstoa control over the states of
Helmand, Zabul and Uruzgan, and
did not move expect or intend to
overstepping the
Kandahar borders to other states ,
as stated by Maulvi Ahmed God ,
Nani and Mullah Mohammad Hassan Rahmani For "Khabarnameh" magazine in its August 1995 issue.
January 26, 1995
: the
city of
Ghazni , the
Taliban ,
however ,
fell after it stripped the
Islamic Party ,
led by
Hekmatyar 's
forces from their weapons.
February 10, 1995
: Taliban captured the stronghold of
Maidan Shahr , the
hippocampus of the
Islamic Party (Hekmatyar) state of
Wardak in a
surprise attack.
February 14, 1995
: the
movement tightened its
control over all of the
influence of
Hekmatyar 's
party areas around Kabul after the
withdrawal from his headquarters in the
"Charasaab" to the
Sarobi area.
February 19, 1995
: Taliban captured most of the
regions of
the states of
Paktia ,
Paktika and southern.
February 21, 1995
: Student Mawlawi Fazlur Rahman (head of
Jamiat Ulema Islam -
Pakistan) Afghan President Burhanuddin Rabbani to
hand over governance and weapons in
possession of the
Taliban.
March 6
/ March 1995
: it broke out intense war between Ahmad Shah Massoud forces and Shiite Unity Party ,
led by
Abdul Ali Mazari ,
who has been a
strong supporter of
Hekmatyar after the
withdrawal of
troops from their positions and Dostum around the
cable.
March 8
/ March 1995
: Taliban forces intervened to prevent the warring factions ( the
government and the
Unity Party) and captured the Shiite party sites and began to
disarm the
Shiite weapons.
March 11
/ March 1995
: Movement captured the
leader of the
Unity Party Mazari, and found the
Taliban itself a
foothold in the
capital ,
Kabul, and began preparing to face the
government forces for the
first time.
Massoud forces
recovered
the Taliban west of
Kabul.
March 13
/ March 1995
: declaration of the
death of
Mazari ,
leader of the
Shiite Unity Party in mysterious circumstances.
May 9
/ May 1995
: attacked government forces led by
Ismail Khan ,
Wali of
Herat, south -
west of the
country, the
Taliban.
It was able to recover the provinces of Farah and Nimroz and most of the provinces of Helmand and began threatening Kandahar, the center of the movement and its fortified stronghold.
September 2
/ September 1995
: Taliban managed in a
surprise attack to recover the states of
Farah, Helmand and Nimroz from Ismail Khan 's
forces, and captured the "Shin Dandy" Air Base ,
which is one of the
largest air bases in the
country.
September 3
/ September 1995
: differences occurred between Herat and Wali Ahmad Shah Massoud, he issued the
final decision for
his dismissal.
Meanwhile, the Taliban forces entered Herat after its governor withdrew with his comrades to Iran.
October 10
/ October 1995
: Taliban forces advanced towards Kabul after it took control over vast areas south -
west of the
country, and on the
hills and Charasaab good Abad supervising the south of
Kabul for the
second time, thus tightened its
siege on the
city of
Kabul.
April / April 1996
3
: 1500 scientists swore allegiance from different parts of
Afghanistan ,
Mullah Mohammad Omar ,
and nicknamed the
prince of
believers.
May 24
/ May 1996
: the
signing of an
agreement between Rabbani and Hekmatyar, entered the
latter on the
effect that
Kabul and took over the
post of
prime minister.
August
/ August 1996
: Taliban launched an
attack on Hekmatyar 's
party camps in the states of
Paktia and Paktika ,
fearing military operations coordination against them from the
front and the
back.
August 24
/ August 1996
: The
Taliban captured the base "Sabina notch" hippocampus stronghold of Hekmatyar ,
Paktia state, and seized large stores of weapons.
August / August
199 627
: Taliban captured "him up
" Directorate of
State Lugar ,
which was considered an
impregnable defensive line for the
city of
Kabul.
September / September
19 968
: Taliban captured the "Siege" Directorate ,
which is the
gateway to the
city of
Jalalabad and Nangarhar forces defeated Shura without resistance ,
leaving behind dozens of
tanks and rocket launchers.
September / September
199 610
: resigned Haji Abdul Qadir Wali Nangarhar and head of the
Eastern Shura States from his post and fled to Pakistan ,
accompanied by
Mohammad Zaman field commander of the
group Gilani in Nangarhar.
September / September
199 611
: Taliban forces led by
Mullah city of
Nangarhar Borgan entered after the
killing of
senior figures state.
September / September
199 613
: fell into
Laghman province ,
however , the
movement.
September / September
14
,
1996
: followed by
the state of
Konar and became the movement grip.
September 25
/ September 1996
: The
Taliban entered the
Directorate of
Sarobi led by
Mulla and Mulla Borgan Abdel -
Razek, and seized after the
withdrawal of
government troops from
them.
September / September
199 626
: Taliban forces advanced to the
region ,
"but Chrge" killed in these battles ,
Mullah Borgan one of the
most military leaders of the
movement.
September / September
199 627
: Kabul fell into the
hands of the
Taliban after the
withdrawal of
government forces them to the
north, and executed the
movement of the
night to
enter the
capital ,
head of the
country 's
former communist Najibullah, and announced that
Mullah Mohammad Omar , the
composition of a
committee of six persons headed by
Mullah Mohammad Rabbani , the
first deputy to
him, and fell Bagram air base is in the hands of the Taliban.
September /
28
September 1996
: Taliban forces reached the
entrance to
the Panjshir Valley and Mount OS, two of the
fortified strongholds of the
commander of the
Shah Massoud.
October 10
/ October 1996
: signed by Dostum (Uzbek militia commander) and Abdul Karim Khalili (Shiite Unity Party leader after the
death of
Mazari) an
agreement for the
joint defense, and we announced a
new coalition as " the
defense of Afghanistan" headed by
Dostum.
October 12
/ October 1996
: an
uprising broke out north of
Kabul popular against the
Taliban.
-
October 18 / October 1996
: Shah Massoud launched an
offensive recovered the Mount OS and Charikar area and regained the
Bagram airbase.
October 24
/ October 1996
: it reached Masoud and Dostum departments of
Hussein and Cote d'Karazimir 15 km distance from the
cable forces.
January 1997
17
: recovered areas north of
Kabul Taliban forces again from Dostum and Massoud forces, and arrived at the
Salang after taking over Bagram airport.
May / May
199 724
: entered allied with Taliban forces led by
General Abdul Malik, after defecting to Dostum, Mazar -
e -
Sharif and fell in her hand the states of
Faryab and Jawzjan and Samangan, Balkh, Kunduz and Baghlan.
May 25
/ May 1997
: Pakistan recognized the
Taliban government, and was the
first countries in the
world recognized.
May / May
199 726
: Saudi Arabia recognized the
Taliban, and then recognized the
UAE.
May 27
/ May 1997
: There were
strong differences between General Abdul Malik forces and the
Taliban resulted in the
killing and capturing thousands of
elements of the
Taliban, among them were senior leaders.
The Taliban were evacuated from some areas in the north.
1998
: Taliban forces returned to areas where they withdrew them ,
such as the
northern Faryab and Mazar -
e -
Sharif States and Taloqan.
Saudi Arabia asked the acting Taliban to leave the kingdom.
- In 1999 and 2000, the Taliban extended its influence over some cities in the north, such as Bamiyan, Taleqan and Badghis.
Important stations
September / September
22
,
2001
: Saudi Arabia and the
United Arab Emirates withdrew their confessions , the
Taliban government, Pakistan and remained the
only country to recognize the
Taliban government.
October
/ October 2001
: America and
other countries launched a
war on Afghanistan.
November 13, 2001
: Kabul fell into the
hands of the
Northern Alliance forces.
And this month did not end until the cities of Afghanistan fell to the opponents of the Taliban.
Many elements of the movement have been captured.
March
/ March 2002
: the
fall of
two helicopters at the
hands of
Pan American Taliban fighters.
September / in
September 2002
5: The
assassination of
President Hamid Karzai 's
attempt, the
Taliban have been
accused of
masterminding the
attempt.
January 2003
: the
fall of an
American helicopter and the
death of
four soldiers who were on board.
November 2003
: International forces said peacekeeping assistant commander of the
Canadian General Andrew Leslie that the
Taliban controls a
quarter of the
area of
Afghanistan.
January 2004
: the
killing of
eight foreign soldiers in Ghazni area because of an
attack by
Taliban fighters.
April
/ April 2004
: Movement attack on a
US base and killed seven soldiers.
September / September
16
,
2004
: A
second attempt to assassinate President Karzai.
May
/ May 2006
: Taliban launch suicide attacks in Kabul city, which escalated during the
period between 2005-2006.
May / May 2007
12
: Killing of
Taliban military commander Mullah Dadullah.
July 19, 2007
: Movement kidnapped 23 South Koreans ,
mostly women in Ghazni area on the
Kabul-Kandahar road.
Years
2008 and 2009
: suicide attacks escalated, especially in Kabul, abductions and
combat operations against foreign forces, and the
Taliban took control of
a number of areas, and announced that
foreign forces killed about 3,000 of its soldiers since the
occupation of
Afghanistan.
2010
: Foreign troops began to
change its belief in its war on the
Taliban, and some of
its leaders tend to be a
military solution will not resolve the
battle in this country, and must be a
political solution.
March
/ March 2012
: Movement suspended preliminary peace negotiations with the
United States.
June 18, 2013
: Qatar allowed the movement to
open a
liaison office in
Doha and confirmed that this is a
prelude to finding a
solution to the
conflict in Afghanistan, said the
official source at the
Qatari Foreign Ministry said the office "is the
political office of the
Afghan Taliban in
Doha, not the
political bureau of the
Islamic Emirate of
Afghanistan."
Washington considered the office an "important first step" toward a political settlement in Afghanistan.
End
of
May / May 2014
: reached Washington and the
Taliban to a
Qatari -
mediated deal under which was the
release of the
movement for an
American soldier (he was a
prisoner has 5 years) in
exchange for the
launch of
five of its leaders were detained at the
Guantanamo prison.
Late
December / December 2014
: The movement described the
end of the
combat mission for NATO ,
"NATO" in
Afghanistan to "defeat" after staying there for
13 years, NATO accused of
dragging the
country into what it
called a
"bloodbath".
The end
of
January 2015
: US White House rejected the
Taliban 's
classification of
"terrorist" organization ,
which raised objections Republicans.
July 29, 2015
: Taliban announce the death of
Mullah Omar (April / April 23 2013 hid the
news of
death) and the
election of the
Shura Council of the
"consensus" Mullah Mansour CHANGE a
new leader of the
movement.
May 25
/ May 2016
: Taliban announced the
death of
its leader ,
Mullah Mansour CHANGE, and the
appointment of a
new leader, Mullah Okhandzadeh the
gift of
God.
January 2019
28
: Taliban reached the
United States to a
draft agreement after the
fourth round of peace talks in
Doha ended, included the
withdrawal of
foreign troops from Afghanistan, and not to
use terrorist organizations to the
country as a
base.
February 4, 2019
: Council on
Foreign Relations held a
meeting of the
Russian Afghan opposition forces, prominent political figures ,
including former Afghan President Karzai, representatives of the
Taliban, in the
absence of the
Kabul government.
February 25
/ box 2019
: round of talks between the
Taliban and Washington in Doha with the
participation of
Mullah Abdul Ghani Baradar, one of the
founders of the
movement.
The US side led the negotiations, Washington's special envoy to Afghanistan, Zalmay Khalilzad.
September /
11
September 2020
: corresponding to the
anniversary of the
19 September attacks / September 11 ,
2001, Ashraf US Secretary of
State (former) Mike Pompeo in Doha to start the
Afghan government in negotiations with the
movement, in order to
share power.
Withdrawal of US forces
April 14
/ April 2021
: US President Joe Biden announced that the
withdrawal of
troops from Afghanistan will begin on the
first of May / May, and ends in September / September 11, ending the
longest American war history.
This represents an extension of an earlier deadline for withdrawal, May 1, agreed between Washington and the Taliban.
May 1
/ May 2021
: The
United States and NATO began the
withdrawal of
9,500 troops ,
including 2500 Americans were still present in
Afghanistan.
Violent battles erupted between the Taliban and government forces in the southern Helmand region, while the movement took control of Burka district of Baghlan province in the north.
May 4
/ May 2021
: Taliban militants launched a
major attack on government forces in Helmand province south of the
country, and
other attacks on 6 states at least in the
parts of
Afghanistan.
May 8
/ May 2021: Ed
Z attack on a
girls '
school for killing more than 50 people in Kabul, and authorities blamed the attack, which is the deadliest since, the Taliban denied responsibility.
May 11
/ May 2021
: The
Taliban controls the province Nrkh outside the
capital Kabul directly with the
violence raging across the
country.
May 15
/ May 2021
: The
Americans pulled out
of Kandahar Air, one of the
most important bases in Afghanistan.
Taliban progress
The Taliban took control of two districts in Wardak Province near Kabul, before capturing two districts in Ghazni Province.
June 7, 2021
: Senior government officials said more than 150 government soldiers were killed during the
24 -
hour battle raged.
They added that fighting is taking place in 26 of the 34 states.
June 19, 2021
: In the
face of the
rapid progress of the
Taliban, President Ashraf goes appointed two new ministers of interior and defense.
June 22
/ June 2021
: Taliban captured Sher Khan crossing the
main border with Tajikistan Bandar, provided hundreds of government soldiers to the
Tajik territory.
The movement's fighters took control of other lanes leading to Tajikistan, as well as areas leading to Kunduz, the capital of the province of the same name.
July 2, 2021
: US forces quietly pulled out of Bagram , the
main military base in
Afghanistan, which is
just an
hour 's
drive from the
cable (50 kilometers to the
north of
them) and handed over to
government forces, and this is
what they understand ,
effectively ending its involvement in the
war.
July 4, 2021
: The
Taliban took control of
the Panjwayi region about 15 kilometers from Kandahar.
July 5, 2021
: The
Taliban said it could provide a
written proposal for
peace to the
government by August / August.
Attack on state capitals
July 7, 2021
: Taliban entered the
New Castle, the
capital of the
first state (Badghis) north -
west.
July 8, 2021
: US President announced that the
withdrawal of
its forces "will be completed on August 31 / August."
July 9, 2021
: Taliban announced the
control of
the main border crossings with Iran and Turkmenistan state of
Herat (west).
Moscow said that the movement's fighters now control most of the Afghan border with Tajikistan.
July 11, 2021
: the
authorities announced that the
Kabul airport became protected from the
rockets and missiles by "air defense system."
July 13, 2021
: France called on
its nationals to leave Afghanistan, after a
similar call launched by
Germany.
July 14, 2021
: Taliban seized control of
a key border crossing with Pakistan in the
south.
July 21, 2021
: A
US general said that a
senior Taliban militants now control about half of Afghanistan ,
which shows the
extent and speed of
their progress.
July 25, 2021
: The
United States pledged to
continue to
support the
next government forces "weeks" intensive air strikes to help them in dealing with
the Taliban attacks.
July 27, 2021: NATO calls for a negotiated settlement to the conflict, while the United Nations fears an “unprecedented” number of civilian casualties.
August 2
/ August 2021
: The president said a
rich American withdrawal "sudden" is the
cause of
the deterioration of the
military situation, at a
time when several major cities under direct threat from the
Taliban.
The US and British embassies in Kabul accused the Taliban of "killing dozens of civilians" in the southern Spin Boldak district.
August 3
/ August 2021
: an
attack against the Minister of
Defense ,
Major General In the
name of
God Mohammadi killed eight civilians in Kabul.
The Taliban claimed responsibility for the attack, threatening further operations in response to the army's aerial bombardment.
August 6
/ August 2021
: became Zaranj southwest of the
country 's
first capital of the
state fall into the
hands of the
Taliban years ago, followed by the
fall of
many of the
cities successively in the
hands of the
movement.
- The following days followed, the fall of major cities in the north of the country, namely Sheberghan, Kunduz, Sar-e-Pul, Taluqan, Aybak, Bul-Khumri (Baghlan Province) Faizabad, as well as Farah (west).
ـ 10 أغسطس/آب 2021: قال الرئيس إنه غير نادم على قراره مغادرة أفغانستان، معتبرا أن الأفغان "يجب أن يقاتلوا من أجل بلادهم".
ـ 11 أغسطس/آب 2021: استسلم مئات من عناصر قوات الأمن لحركة طالبان قرب قندوز، في حين وصل الرئيس غني إلى مدينة مزار الشريف المحاصرة لتنسيق الرد.
ـ 12 أغسطس/آب 2021: سيطرت طالبان على مدينة غزني الواقعة على مسافة 150 كيلومترا جنوب غرب كابل، ثم استولت على هيرات ثالث أكبر مدن البلاد.
ـ أعلنت الولايات المتحدة والمملكة المتحدة إرسال آلاف الجنود إلى كابل لإجلاء الدبلوماسيين والرعايا، كما أعلن أعضاء آخرون في حلف الناتو إجلاء موظفين من سفاراتهم.
ـ 13 أغسطس/آب 2021: سقطت 4 عواصم ولايات أخرى في يوم واحد بينها قندهار ثاني كبرى مدن البلاد والمعقل الروحي لطالبان، وبول علم عاصمة ولاية لوغار، على مسافة 50 كيلومترا فقط جنوب كابل، ومدينة لشكركاه عاصمة هلمند.
كما اجتاح مقاتلو الحركة مدينة هيرات في الغرب، واعتقلوا القائد البارز محمد إسماعيل خان أحد أبرز القادة الميدانيين في الحرب ضد طالبان.
ـ 14 أغسطس/آب 2021: سيطرت طالبان على مزار الشريف شمال البلاد، ثم بل علم عاصمة ولاية لوغر، الواقعة على بُعد 70 كيلومترا إلى الشمال من كابل بعد مقاومة ضعيفة، في وقت أرسلت الولايات المتحدة مزيدا من القوات للمساعدة في إجلاء المدنيين من كابل.
ـ 15 أغسطس/آب 2021: مقاتلو الحركة يحاصرون العاصمة، بعد السيطرة على مدينة جلال آباد الشرقية الرئيسية دون قتال، والوصول لمشارفها في أكثر من جهة، وسط حراك دبلوماسي وسياسي من أجل الدفع بنقل السلطة بشكل سلمي وسلس بالعاصمة المحاصرة.
ـ 15 أغسطس/آب 2021: الرئيس غني يغادر أفغانستان.