China News Service, Beijing, July 13 (Reporter Sun Zifa) The reporter learned from the Institute of Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences) on the 13th that the non-liquid helium dilution refrigerator independently developed by the institute achieved nearly 10mK (compared to absolute zero in late June). -273.15 degrees Celsius (0.01 degrees Celsius)) extremely low temperature, marking China's breakthrough in the development of high-end extremely low temperature instruments, and has the ability to provide extremely low temperature conditions for cutting-edge research such as quantum computing.
As the birthplace of China's low-temperature experimental technology and low-temperature physics research, the Institute of Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences successfully developed China's first wet dilution refrigerator in the late 1970s, achieving an extremely low temperature of 33mK.
In the face of a new round of quantum technology competition, the Institute of Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences once again organized a joint effort to research and develop a domestically-made liquid helium-free dilution refrigerator.
A brand new second-generation machine under construction in Huairou, Beijing, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
Photo courtesy of Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
In the two and a half years of research and development, the scientific research team has overcome a series of technological problems and core technical problems. Finally, on the evening of June 24, its self-developed prototype of a liquid helium-free dilution refrigerator achieved continuous and stable operation of 10.9mK , To meet the requirements of superconducting quantum computing, the single-stroke operating mode can be less than 8.7mK, basically reaching the level of international mainstream products, and taking a key step in solving the key core technical problems of quantum computing and accelerating scientific and technological self-reliance.
In the future, the scientific research team will further optimize the related technology of the non-liquid helium dilution refrigerator, and the solidification process.
At the same time, the new generation of refrigerators under construction will reach the level of imported products in terms of ease of use and stability, providing strong support for China's frontier research on quantum computing experiments.
According to the scientific research team of the Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, the dilution refrigerator is a high-end scientific research instrument that can provide an environment close to absolute zero. It can be widely used in scientific research fields such as condensed matter physics, material science, particle physics and even astronomical exploration.
The dilution refrigerator provides the necessary extremely low temperature environment for the normal operation of quantum computers, and is an irreplaceable key device in quantum computing research.
At present, China is completely dependent on imports for such instruments, which is one of the key core technologies to be overcome.
The non-liquid helium dilution refrigerator is different from the traditional wet dilution refrigerator that relies on liquid helium to assist in cooling. It can achieve extremely low temperatures of only 0.01 degrees above absolute zero without the assistance of liquid helium, which can provide quantum computer chips for maintenance The extremely low temperature environment necessary for the quantum state. At present, other refrigeration technologies cannot meet the needs of quantum computing in terms of minimum temperature, refrigeration capacity and continuous operating time. The non-liquid helium dilution refrigerator is a general scientific instrument. In addition to being widely used in the field of quantum computing, it can also be used in extremely low temperature physics experiments, nanomaterials research, and even in particle physics and the universe such as dark matter exploration and gravitational wave detection. Learn to probe. (Finish)