The 2021 college entrance examination kicked off on June 7.
With the normalization of epidemic prevention and control, the college entrance examination, which was postponed to July last year, is now back in June.
Data map: On June 6, teachers and candidates of Tongshenghu Experimental School in Changsha, Hunan threw red envelopes to welcome the college entrance examination.
Photo by Yang Huafeng
The largest number of applicants in history, new measures for group exams and epidemic prevention, 37 new undergraduate majors... How do you view the characteristics of the college entrance examination this year?
Which hot spots are worth paying attention to?
A reporter from Chinanews.com sorts out relevant topics and interviews relevant experts, bringing you analysis and interpretation.
The number of applicants hit a new high
Experts remind us to treat the college entrance examination with a more peaceful mind
In 2021, the number of applicants for the national college entrance examination reached 10.78 million, the largest since the resumption of the college entrance examination in 1977.
This year, there are more than 7,200 test centers nationwide, 466,000 test rooms, including 26,000 spare isolated test rooms, and more than 1.4 million test staff, including more than 950,000 invigilators.
Data map: On June 6, in Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province, the examination staff arranged an examination room in a college entrance examination center.
Photo by China News Agency reporter Wei Liang
From the “post-00s” in 2018 to participate in the college entrance examination on a large scale, the number of applicants in 2019 once again exceeded 10 million, reaching a record high in 2020, and the number of college entrance examination applicants in China has risen for four consecutive years.
Most candidates this year were born in 2002 or 2003.
According to the National Economic and Social Development Statistical Bulletin of the National Bureau of Statistics over the years, the number of births in 2002 and 2003 was 16.47 million and 15.99 million, respectively, which was lower than 17.71 million in 2000 and 17.02 million in 2001.
Some analysts pointed out that the increase in the number of college entrance examinations to a new peak is due to the increasing emphasis on education, the steady improvement of basic education in our country, and the increase in the number of secondary vocational students and social candidates who sign up for the college entrance examination.
Xiong Bingqi, dean of the 21st Century Education Research Institute, told reporters from Chinanews.com that the number of college entrance examinations has continued to rise in recent years. The most critical factor is the further opening up of secondary vocational graduates to participate in the general college entrance examination.
Does the increase in the number of applicants mean increased competition?
According to analysis by Xiong Bingqi, according to the National Education Development Statistical Bulletin of the Ministry of Education over the years, in 2020, the country will enroll 9,674,500 students for general undergraduates and colleges, and 10.71 million college entrance examination applicants. Therefore, the average admission rate for college entrance examination has exceeded 90%.
In 2019, my country's general undergraduate and junior college enrolled a total of 9.149 million students, of which about 4.313 million undergraduate enrollment and 4.836 million junior college enrollment.
"Combined with the reality of enrollment expansion in colleges and universities, this year's total enrollment plan for undergraduates and junior colleges is expected to exceed 10 million, and the admission rate for college entrance examinations will further increase."
Data map: On April 13, senior high school students in Huichang County, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province used fun games to decompress.
Photo by Zhu Haipeng
He reminded candidates and parents to treat the college entrance examination with a more peaceful mind.
"To change the attitude towards academic qualifications, to treat the university academic development after the college entrance examination with improved ability, do not think that the study is over after the college entrance examination. The future development of students is not determined by the college entrance examination, but by the academic development after entering the university. ."
It is worth noting that the number of applicants this year is 70,000 more than last year, and the increase in the number is the lowest in the past four years.
In 2018, 2019, and 2020, the number of applicants increased by 350,000, 560,000, and 400,000 respectively over the previous year.
Previously, the number of college entrance examination applicants exceeded 10 million for the first time in 2007, and reached a peak of 10.5 million in 2008. Since then, the number of college entrance examinations has begun to decline.
Whether the number of applicants for the college entrance examination in 2022 can reach a new high is worth paying attention to.
Strictly prevent the epidemic, safe college entrance examination
This year is the second college entrance examination under the epidemic.
The Ministry of Education issued a notice in February, requiring candidates and examination staff to perform daily temperature measurement and physical health monitoring, equip each test site with an epidemic prevention deputy examiner as required, set up necessary isolation test rooms and isolation facilities, and be equipped with sufficient epidemic prevention materials.
Conscientiously implement measures such as entrance temperature detection, comprehensive disinfection of the examination room, ventilation, and maintaining distance.
Data map: On June 6, in Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province, anti-epidemic personnel carried out killing operations in a college entrance examination examination center.
Photo by China News Agency reporter Wei Liang
Recently, Guangdong has experienced repeated epidemics, and the local college entrance examination has attracted much attention.
In order to ensure a safe college entrance examination and "all the exams should be taken", Guangdong has continuously upgraded its safeguard measures and carried out epidemic prevention work in different categories.
This year, the number of applicants for the college entrance examination in Guangdong was 783,000, of which 636,000 candidates participated in the summer college entrance examination. There were 484 examination centers and 24,400 examination rooms in the province, with nearly 80,000 invigilators and examination staff.
All candidates must complete continuous health monitoring for 14 days before the exam and 7 days of nucleic acid testing; all examiners must be vaccinated in addition to completing the above two items.
It is worth mentioning that Guangdong arranges examination rooms in different categories, and divides the examinees into "seven groups of people": one is the confirmed cases of new coronary pneumonia and the candidates with a positive nucleic acid test; the second is close contact and second-close contact with candidates; the third is red code , Yellow code and fever candidates; fourth are ordinary candidates; fifth are social candidates; sixth are examination personnel; seventh are parents.
Candidates with confirmed cases of new coronary pneumonia and positive nucleic acid tests will take the exam at the medical treatment facility; close-knit and second-closed candidates will take the exam at the isolated test center. The test room must provide a negative nucleic acid test report two days before the test and be picked up by a dedicated vehicle in a closed loop.
For other general candidates, take the test at the general test center.
Data map: On June 4, in Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, a taxi driver in protective clothing held up a small flag that said "College Entrance Examination" was successful.
Photo by China News Agency reporter Chen Chuhong
It is reported that there are 54,900 examinees in Guangzhou. According to the needs of epidemic prevention and control, each test site is equipped with a 10:1 isolation test room; 11 isolation test sites (including the eighth People’s Hospital of the city) are opened, and 9 alternate isolation test sites are provided. And dynamic statistics of accurate information of all candidates, including residential address, health status, transportation to and from the test center, etc.
At present, there are still high-risk areas in Guangzhou.
In accordance with the prevention and control requirements, candidates in these areas prepare for the exam at the school, and candidates preparing for the exam at home will arrange separate test centers and special vehicles to and from the test centers.
"3+1+2" new model: history and physics become the first choice
This year's college entrance examination, some provinces adopted the "3+1+2" new model.
"3" is the national unified examination subject language, mathematics, and foreign language. "1" is the preferred subject. Candidates must choose one of the two subjects of physics and history. "2" is the second choice subject. Candidates can choose between chemistry, biology and thinking. Choose two of the four subjects of politics and geography.
Data map: On June 5, in the third grade classroom of No. 25 Middle School in Shijiazhuang, Hebei, the teacher gave the students the last lesson before the college entrance examination.
Photo by China News Agency reporter Zhai Yujia
Taking physics and history as the preferred subjects is the innovation of this model.
Xiong Bingqi said that physics subjects are difficult, and some students may not want to learn. Physics and history are the core subjects of natural sciences and humanities and social sciences respectively. Taking the two as the preferred subjects can avoid the occurrence of fewer students choosing physics or history. Happening.
Some analysts say that this model provides students with 12 subject combinations to choose from.
Xiong Bingqi believes that this expands students' right to choose, and at the same time puts forward higher requirements on the conditions and faculty of high schools.
Experts: Don’t blindly think that new majors are popular majors
This year, the Ministry of Education updated the catalog of undergraduate majors in ordinary colleges and universities, adding 37 new undergraduate majors, covering 9 categories including law, education, history, science, engineering, agriculture, medicine, management, and art.
Among them, 14 new majors in the engineering field accounted for the highest proportion, including majors in intelligent interactive design, intelligent engineering and creative design, and intelligent aircraft technology.
The above-mentioned professional adjustments reflect the demand for talents from the job market and employment orientation.
In addition, 518 colleges and universities undergraduate majors were cancelled.
Data map: On June 5th, Liujiang Middle School in Liuzhou City, Guangxi held a "decompression" activity for senior students in the college entrance examination.
The picture shows a senior high school student jumping "touching the dragon gate".
Photo by Wang Yizhao
How should candidates view and choose new majors?
Xiong Bingqi said that whether the new major is good or not depends on whether the school where the major is located originally has a relevant major and its professional strength.
If the school did not have this major before, then it needs to make a rational analysis and judgment based on the development of the industry and the overall needs of society.
"Don't blindly think that new majors are good and popular."
"In recent years, many colleges and universities have newly added artificial intelligence-related majors. Whether they can provide specialties and ensure quality is very important." Xiong Bingqi said that when students choose majors, they should make comprehensive judgments based on the school's orientation, conditions, and curriculum systems. You can't just look at the name of the major, but look at the connotation of the major itself.
For example, we should pay attention to how the new major is established, whether it fits the school's positioning, and also consider whether it fits personal interests and ambitions.
"When universities adjust their majors, they should consider their own educational positioning, otherwise it will easily lead to the disconnection and imbalance between the talent training structure and the demand for talents in society." Xiong Bingqi pointed out that comprehensive universities implement elite education, which is ability-oriented and pay more attention to General education focuses on the cultivation of students' basic abilities and qualities, and is not particularly suitable for frequent adjustments to professional settings.
Vocational colleges are oriented to meet the needs of social talents, and the continuous changes in social needs make it often need to add new majors.
Author: Ma Shuaisha