Chinanews.com, Lanzhou, April 14 (Reporter Ding Si) In response to the high security risks in the cave temples in Gansu, insufficient systematic archaeological research, weak grassroots protection, and low level of display utilization, the General Office of the Gansu Provincial Government released a few days ago. The "Implementation Opinions on Strengthening the Protection and Utilization of Cave Temples" (hereinafter referred to as the "Opinions") proposes to strengthen the rescue protection of cave temples and strengthen the digital protection and utilization of cave temples. A special survey of cave temples in the province will be completed before the end of April this year.
The grotto temples in Gansu Province are widely distributed, large in scale, and complete in system. They integrate architecture, sculpture, mural painting, calligraphy and other arts. They represent the highest peak of the development of Chinese grotto art and culture, and are known as the "hometown of grotto art".
There are 205 existing grottoes, including 3 world cultural heritages: Mogao Grottoes, Maijishan Grottoes, and Bingling Temple Grottoes.
In the early autumn of 2019, the soaring Maiji Mountain Grottoes seemed to be covered with a thin "light gauze".
(Data Map) Photo by Chen Zhiping
In recent years, the Gansu government has attached great importance to the protection and utilization of cave temples, and has made major breakthroughs in the rescue and protection of cave temples, archaeological research, scientific and technological research and development, digitization, and institutional innovation. The "Chinese characteristics and Dunhuang experience" formed have produced significant domestic and foreign influences.
The "Opinions" proposed that the rescue protection of cave temples should be increased, and a special survey of cave temples in the province should be completed by the end of April 2021; the special plan for the protection and utilization of cave temples in Gansu will be completed by the end of September and included in the "14th Five-Year Plan" at all levels National economic and social development plans are linked with special plans for land, space and transportation.
Carry out major protection projects for cave temples, grading and compact government responsibilities, and carry out three world cultural heritage protection demonstration projects, including Mogao Grottoes, Maijishan Grottoes, and Bingling Temple Grottoes, 20 major protection projects for cave temples, and 30 major protection projects for cave temples. The rescue protection project of the small and medium-sized cave temples will be completed to eliminate the major dangers of the cave temples by the end of 2022.
At the same time, adhere to both rescue and preventive protection, strengthen daily maintenance and monitoring and early warning, rely on the Dunhuang Research Institute to build a Gansu Cave Temple Monitoring Center, carry out regular health assessments of cultural relics, actively carry out preventive protection, and comprehensively improve the protection capabilities of the Cave Temple.
Strengthening the digital protection and utilization of cave temples is also the main task of Gansu's future cultural protection work.
The "Opinions" put forward the need to continue the digitalization of grotto temple murals, colored sculptures, statues, caves, cliff carvings, overseas Chinese cave temple cultural relics, and Dunhuang documents, and give priority to the implementation of digital protection of endangered cave temples.
At the end of the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the "Digital Dunhuang" and "International Dunhuang" projects were completed, the "Dunhuang Overseas Documents Digital Return" project was implemented, and the "Dunhuang Studies Information Resource Database" was expanded and upgraded.
Relying on the digital scientific research and technological advantages of the Dunhuang Academy of cultural relics, speed up the development of local standards for the digitalization of cave temples, and recommend the conversion of domestically advanced scientific and technological achievements into industry standards and national standards.
Strengthen the centralized management and permanent preservation of the digital resources of the cave temples, build the "Gansu cave temple digital resource library", include it in the Chinese cultural heritage specimen library, and connect to the national cultural network to achieve national sharing.
The "Opinions" also regulates the tourism development activities of the Cave Temple. It is necessary to adhere to the premise of protecting the development of tourism and avoid excessive commercialization and entertainment.
Approve and announce the tourist carrying capacity of the cave temple scenic spot and the maximum instantaneous capacity of the key caves, encourage the use of time-limited current, customized services and other methods to standardize and guide visits, and fully realize the reservation visit system of the national security cave temple.
Formulate the "Gansu Cave Temple Management Guidelines", promote the quality management model of Mogao Caves, and promote the scientific and standardized management of cave temples in the province.
According to Gansu’s official disclosure, by 2022, the province’s grotto temple management system and mechanism innovation will make important progress, the major dangers of grotto temples will be completely eliminated, and the cultural protection units at all levels will have "four possessions" (with protection scope, logo descriptions, record files, etc.). There is a specialized agency or person responsible for management) The work is basically sound, and the security facilities of the national security and provincial security cave temples are fully covered.
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