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The Ministry of Health has detected the

first six cases of the Californian variant

in Spain and is keeping a dozen variants under surveillance after adding another three to the list of interest: that of New York, another originated in Uganda and a last expanded in Portugal, of those that are not positive in our country.

This is stated in the latest update of the "Report on the epidemiological situation of variant B.1.1.7 of SARS-CoV-2 and other variants of interest", in which it warns that, although the presence of the South African is still " low "with 54 confirmed cases," it is not ruled out that they could increase in the coming weeks, as has happened in other neighboring countries. "

So far, the South African variant has been detected in a specific way in Spain, but epidemic outbreaks have already been detected without its origin being identified in a trip, points out the Center for Coordination of Health Alerts and Emergencies, which warns that its impact it could be high if its incidence increases "considerably", since this variant "could significantly reduce the effectiveness of some vaccines".

"The reduction in vaccine effectiveness is between moderate and high," it reads

.

South African is the main variant of interest for Public Health (VOC) that worries the most in Health, along with B.1.1.7 (the British, the most widespread), and P.1 (Brazilian), of which also refers to its "low" presence, but keeps the risk "moderate" since the impact could be high if its incidence increases considerably.

Its immune escape is still under study.

Health also supervises seven others: P.2 (Rio de Janeiro);

B.1.429 (Californian) and B.1.525 (Nigerian), of which Spain has confirmed 14, 1 and 6 cases, respectively.

To all of them it has added in this latest update, known this Friday, B.1.526 (New York);

A.23.1 (originated in Uganda and recently detected in the United Kingdom, with few cases in other countries) and C.16, which has been expanding in Portugal since November.

Regarding them, the report indicates that the impact they may have on Public Health "is still unknown."

"However, the combination of mutations they present or their expansion at the local level in certain locations makes it advisable to monitor their situation at this time," adds the document.

B.1.1.7 (UK)

Dominant in the United Kingdom, Ireland and Israel, B.1.1.7 is characterized by rapidly replacing the other circulating variants;

it is associated with an increase in transmissibility and a possible increase in lethality.

The possibility of it escaping vaccine-mediated immunization "is cause for concern", but so far the evidence points to a "little effect on immunity", with "a slight reduction in vaccine effectiveness."

Its

evolution across the territory is very uneven,

and while in Cantabria or Catalonia it accounts for more than 76% of the cases, in La Rioja there are none.

In the Balearic Islands it represents 65.5% and in Asturias, 64.3%;

they are followed by Galicia (53.3%);

Navarra, (52.5%);

Andalusia (51.1%);

Madrid (42.7%);

Murcia (38%);

Castilla-La Mancha (31.8%);

Valencian Community 29.4%;

Castilla y León (14.3%);

Aragon (12.1%);

Basque Country (4%) and Melilla (1.9%).

B.1.351 (SOUTH AFRICAN)

Of the 54 cases, 18 have been confirmed by sequencing: it is a sporadic case, corresponding to a traveler from South Africa, and 6 outbreaks.

One is related to a trip to Tanzania and the cases are distributed in different autonomous communities, while in the remaining five outbreaks no history of travel to South Africa or other countries in the region has been found and four of them have been observed in the same city.

This variant, present in South Africa, Zambia, Botswana and other countries of the southern African cone and with cases in numerous European countries - with an important presence in Tirol (Austria) - is related to an increase in transmissibility, reduction of neutralization of mono and polyclonal sera and vaccine effectiveness.

P.1 (BRAZILIAN)

The presence of this variant in Spain is still "very scarce";

According to preliminary data, "the associated transmissibility could be increased and natural immunity reduced", so the risk "is considered moderate".

Of the P.1 (Brazilian), 17 cases have been confirmed, two of which are isolated, and three outbreaks, the first of which has resulted in two positives.

Meanwhile, the second has 11 associated cases, but none of them has been able to find a link with Brazil, although one of the patients, the report highlights, "is a case of probable reinfection."

The third of the outbreaks is related to a trip to Brazil and there are two affected cases.

With a presence in the Manaus region (Brazil) and cases in other countries, most of them linked to it, this variant is being studied for its transmissibility and escape from the immune response, although a reduction in neutralizing antibody titers has been observed. in vaccinated sera.

P.2 (RIO DE JANEIRO)

Two sporadic cases have been detected in travelers from Brazil, a family outbreak with three positive cases and a hospital outbreak with 9 cases.

In total, 14, all confirmed by sequencing.

B.1.525 (NIGERIAN)

A case sequenced in January.

B.1.429 (CALIFORNIA)

Six cases in a randomized screening.

According to the criteria of The Trust Project

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