At a press conference of the State Council Information Office on February 26, Vice Minister You Jun said that the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security is working with relevant departments to study specific reform plans for delaying retirement.
In an interview with reporters, Wu Jiang, a special expert of the Central Talent Work Coordination Group and former president of the Chinese Academy of Personnel Sciences, said that the low retirement age causes a waste of human resources, and the gradual delay in retirement can alleviate the contradictions between employment and population aging. .
The digital economy and smart manufacturing have created a large number of new jobs, and delaying retirement will actually not affect the employment of young people.
Keep experienced and skilled people on the job
"The '14th Five-Year Plan' "Recommendations" clearly set out to implement a gradual delay in retirement. This work is actually focused on 2035, which is a long-term goal." Wu Jiang believes that steadily and gradually delaying the retirement age, there is It helps to make the entire employment situation complete a smooth transition in the process of entering an aging society.
Minister of Human Resources and Social Affairs Zhang Jinan stated at the press conference of the State Council Information Office on February 26 that the current structural contradictions in the employment situation are still prominent. Difficulties in employment and recruitment coexist. In particular, the employment rate of technically skilled talents exceeds 2, a technical talent. At least 2 posts are waiting for him.
"This will be the main contradiction in the next 15 years. The pressure of recruitment will increase, and there will be fewer and fewer experienced and skilled people. Therefore, it is necessary to keep people with work experience in the post. If you retire early, you will Cause a waste of talent." Wu Jiang said that the employment problem is one of the two major practical contradictions to be resolved by delaying retirement.
“China is in the transitional stage from industrialization to post-industrialization. The post-industrial society’s economic form is mainly a digital economy. Digital economy and smart manufacturing measure human intelligence rather than physical strength. Therefore, extending the working age is not a problem for workers. "Wu Jiang said.
According to the standards of the United Nations and the World Health Organization, people over 65 are seniors.
At present, the retirement age in major economies in the world is generally above 65.
Wu Jiang further pointed out that implementing a gradual delay in retirement is also of positive significance in resolving the contradictions of population aging.
"The more people who retire, the greater the pressure on the dependency ratio. In fact, 70% of retirees are fully capable of working or in a healthy state."
High-tech jobs are for young people
"Delaying retirement will not deprive people of their freedom to retire. With more and more flexible employment, retirement will become flexible. At present, many countries adopt flexible retirement, and the concept of retirement will gradually fade." Wu Jiang emphasized, The strict regulations on the retirement age mainly affect the system. Experts in some units can retire at 65, and some at 63. The revised "Civil Servants Law" implemented in 2019 stipulates that civil servants can voluntarily choose to work for 30 years. Retirement reflects the need for "flexibility".
The private economy outside the system is a contract system, and the flexibility is more fully reflected.
"The implementation of a gradual delay in the retirement age may have a relatively long transition period. Therefore, it is necessary to adopt a certain flexible policy during the transition period."
Will delaying the statutory retirement age affect the employment of young people?
This is a concern of many people.
Wu Jiang pointed out that the answer is no.
"It depends on what are the main channels of employment for young people. The impact of high-tech development on employment is obvious. Many jobs have been eliminated, but more new jobs have been created, just as cars replaced carriages in the industrial revolution. The same. Jobs in the digital economy and smart manufacturing rely on high technology, the Internet, and big data. They are all prepared for young people and have great potential. Older people mainly occupy technical and management positions. No, this is the characteristic of an industrial society. These positions are eliminated by high-tech development. The purpose of delaying retirement is to retain a group of experienced people."
Wu Jiang further gave an example that many manufacturing jobs have now disappeared, but advanced manufacturing and emerging service industries are not.
“Beijing’s service industry accounts for more than 80% of GDP. The vast majority of jobs in emerging service industries are for young people. Future jobs will be high-tech, high-knowledge and high-intelligence jobs, so there is no need for any Worry."
Our reporter Bai Bo