In the long historical process, the people of all ethnic groups in Inner Mongolia have created a rich and precious intangible cultural heritage, which contains their unique spiritual value, way of thinking, imagination and cultural awareness.
Ulan Muqi is a unique cultural and artistic organization in Inner Mongolia. It continuously draws materials from nearly 4,000 intangible cultural heritage projects in Inner Mongolia, integrates intangible cultural heritage into its artistic performances, and creates a unique non-genetic inheritance model that is capable of protecting cultural diversity. Contemporary value.
Authentic presentation
In Inner Mongolia, there are 55 ethnic groups including Han, Mongolian, Oroqen, Ewenki, and Daur, which have created their own unique intangible cultural heritage.
Ulan Muqi will lively inherit the music, dance, opera, folk art, acrobatics, and athletics of various ethnic groups in Inner Mongolia through artistic creation and performance, that is, the original ecological inheritance.
For example, the world's intangible cultural heritage in Mongolian music-Changtiao, Humai, and Matouqin, are inherited and innovated in all Ulan Muqis in the region, and they are all the top programs retained by Ulan Muqi.
Any kind of intangible cultural heritage is inseparable from the original folk culture creation subject. Ulan Muqi has been rooted in the grassroots for a long time and has a deep understanding of the intangible cultural heritage of various ethnic groups in Inner Mongolia. The works they create come from the production and life of various ethnic groups, with a natural atmosphere. strong.
A Ulan animal husbandry riding performance is often colorful, and the intangible cultural heritage art of various ethnic groups is displayed in a diverse manner.
Such as: Northeast Folk Song Minor, Errenzhuan, Pingju, Shadow Play, Errentai, Mountain Climbing Diao, which originated from Han culture; Manhan Diao, which is a fusion of Mongolian and Han ethnic culture; Lurigele dance of Daur ethnic group, Zandaren of Oroqen ethnic group , Ewenki folk songs.
In Inner Mongolia, Ulan Muqi in different regions places special emphasis on the local taste of intangible cultural heritage projects, creating and performing programs based on local conditions to meet the preferences of people in different regions.
For example, intangible cultural heritage that also originated from the Mongolian nationality has its own emphasis on the east, middle and west.
In the east, Ulan Muqiduo performed Mongolian traditional rap art that the Horqin area likes, such as Mongolian storytelling, epic Gesir, Holabao, and narrative short-tune folk songs.
Alashan Ulan Muqi in the west and Xilin Gol Ulan Muqi in the central part performed long-tune folk songs with large fluctuations in the melody of local favorite music.
These programs are presented in the original Ulan Muqi performance, each with its own characteristics and great charm.
Stimulate innovation
With the development of the times, intangible cultural heritage has to learn from the past and accept the new in the new living environment, and at the same time, the continuity of the gene lineage must be maintained during the changes.
Ulan herdsmen excavated and sorted out intangible heritage in the front line, and learned the most primitive, regional and ethnic intangible heritage skills from non-genetic inheritors and old folk artists. On the basis of preserving the original art and cultural products, Through the re-arrangement and creation of fine works by art workers, intangible cultural heritage can keep pace with the times in form and content.
Ulan Muqi constantly arranges new content.
They excavate cultural heritage and cultural resources such as history, folk tales, legends, and fully demonstrate the national style and local characteristics from materials, themes, structures to the entire program.
Errentai was included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage lists.
In addition to performing traditional repertoires such as "Go West Exit", "Hanging a Red Lantern" and "Hit Money", Ulan Muqi in western Inner Mongolia also boldly innovated and launched new repertoires.
Ulan Muqi in Tuoketuo County has created a new historical drama "Junzijin", a large-scale two-person stage with local cultural characteristics.
The play is adapted from the historical data of the Tuoketuo area recorded in Li Daoyuan's "Shui Jing Zhu" of the Northern Wei Dynasty and tells the story of the ancient ferry crossing of the Yellow River in the Eastern Han Dynasty.
The new two-person stage dance elements blend with the heart-wrenching plot, which fully enhances the artistic charm of the two-person stage.
Some intangible cultural heritage projects are incomplete in the course of historical development, and Ulan Muqi excavated, repaired, and innovated.
Yatoga is a plucked stringed instrument of the Mongolian nationality. It is translated into Mongolian zheng in Chinese and is mainly popular in Xilin Gol League and Ordos.
The song "Turiyin Daobuqi" played by Yatoga was initially just a few words tones.
Sunite Youqi Ulan Muqi excavated and sorted out Yatoga and related music materials, incorporated modern elements into this traditional repertoire, re-arranged, and the Sunite court music "Tu Ri Yindao" performed by Yatoga "Puqi" is played in Naadam, weddings, large-scale performances and other occasions, allowing this skill and repertoire to reappear brilliantly.
Promote the inheritance of intangible cultural heritage
Intangible cultural heritage of Inner Mongolia includes various types of ethnic traditions and ethnic knowledge.
In addition to inheriting and developing the performing arts, Ulan Muqi also integrates social customs, etiquette, festivals, folk medicine, folk beliefs, and traditional handicraft skills into the program, presenting it to the audience in an artistic form, and expanding the The types of inherited inheritance form a non-inherited expansion model.
Ulan Muqi has implanted a number of intangible cultural heritage items that are difficult to perform, indirectly displaying the inherited intangible cultural heritage.
The craftsmanship of Ewenki birch bark is listed as a national intangible cultural heritage list.
Ulan Muqi, Genhe City, created the song and dance drama "Aoluguya", which replayed the folk customs, totem worship, religious beliefs and human geography of the Ewenki reindeer tribe, showing the harmony between the Ewenki reindeer people and nature. Kind of lifestyle.
The props made of birch bark appeared many times in the play, and its brilliant "birch bark culture" left a deep impression on people.
Ewenki folk culture and birch bark making skills are an indispensable part of the drama "Aoluguya".
Ulan Muqi's inheritance of intangible cultural heritage is not single, but combines various intangible cultural heritages such as performing arts, festivals, etiquette, skills, and customs to form a cultural whole and create a cultural environment of intangible cultural heritage.
At the same time, by placing them in modern cultural and tourism activities, the intangible cultural heritage of all ethnic groups will be presented at the same time, forming a compound inheritance model.
Naadam was included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage lists.
Nadam is Mongolian, meaning entertainment and games to express the joy of harvest.
The Naadam Convention is a traditional Mongolian festival with a long history and an important part of tourism.
The main content of Naadam includes horse racing, wrestling, archery, chess and singing and dancing.
When Ulanmu rides on Naadam, he will incorporate traditional Naadam culture into the program, and reproduce or use the skills of intangible cultural heritage to arrange programs.
Ulan Muqi, directly under the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, performed traditional costume performances on the tourist Naadam, the song and dance "Blue Hada" by Ulan Muqi of the Xilinguole League, the long tune "Ode to God Horse", Humai "Ode to Song", Chifeng Wengniute Banner Ulan Muqi's "Top Bowl Dance", "Hu Ji Hunting Music", and "Nadamu Night" are all beautiful and dazzling.
The everlasting prosperity of Ulan Muqi shows that the people need art, and art also needs people.
In the new era, Ulan Muqi takes root in the fertile soil of life, serves the herdsmen, promotes literary and artistic innovation, creates batches of outstanding works that are grounded, spread, and preserved, and cultivates batches of new art artists and non-genetic heritage. People, their formation mechanisms, methods and models are worth studying and learning.
(Author: Yuan-Ze high, Department of Ethnology and Sociology Institute of Cultural Industry Research and Development Center research assistant at the Central University for Nationalities)