Chinanews client, Beijing, January 2nd, title: He wrote a sad and beautiful love, and also experienced the most lonely life
Reporter Shangguanyun
Recently, "National Treasure" has become a big hit. In addition to popularizing science, it also introduced many historical figures to the audience, such as the famous Qing Dynasty dramatist Kong Shangren. In the show, he was played by "Guardian of National Treasure" Yu Qian.
Kong Shangren is the 64th-generation grandson of Confucius, and is also a writer of equal capacity.
When he was more than 50 years old, he wrote the famous "Peach Blossom Fan", telling one of the most poignant love stories, which is still sung.
What kind of life does this legend have?
Image source: "National Treasure" video screenshot
A child prodigy grows up
Perhaps because of the influence of his family, Kong Shangren has been very clever since he was a child. “Working poems, bodily books” and chanting poems often open his mouth, and soon became a “prodigy” among his neighbors.
His father Kong Zhenfan was very happy to see his son so upbeat.
When Kong Shangren was a child, Kong Zhenfan often took him out to hang out, talked with neighbors to increase his knowledge, and also taught him poetry and songs, and cultivated intentionally.
At that time, even though the situation in Kong Shangren's family was not as good as before, they still had certain strength and didn't need to worry about their livelihood.
At a young age, he was sent to study at the Si Family Academy and began to receive a more systematic education.
During this period of time, in order to cope with the imperial examination, Kong Shangren had to figure out how to write eight-legged essays day and night, and he would complain over time.
He once wrote a letter to an elder to complain, "After a few days of fetters, the romance is exhausted, Xiyuan Songgui should be moved!"
Having said that, Kong Shangren did not limit his learning to the scope of his work.
For example, he would also study music rhythm at the same time, and he had always paid attention to the knowledge of ritual music, soldiers and farmers. He liked to make friends and met many famous luthiers at that time.
With good learning and savvy, Kong Shangren has always regarded himself very high, and he also looks forward to embarking on an official career and realizing his aspiration of "achievement and benefiting the world".
However, reality poured cold water on him: after he was awarded a talented talent, he took the exam but failed repeatedly.
From studying in seclusion to doctor of the Imperial College
Just like this while studying and taking exams, at the age of 30, Kong Shangren still had little success in his career.
He took part in the provincial examination in Jinan again, but he still lost his name in Sun Shan, but he hurriedly returned to his hometown when he was disappointed.
In his depression, he visited Shimen Mountain, and soon went into the mountain to live in seclusion to study. During this period, he did not idle. He wrote three volumes of "Shimen Mountain Collection" and so on. He also went to investigate customs and finished the "Sections with Wind Record".
Image source: "National Treasure" video screenshot
But this did not counteract his desire for fame.
He was still unable to let go of his own abilities, so he sold some of his family's fields to donate to the students of the Imperial College.
In letters to friends, he also mocked himself as "the recent situation is ridiculous."
After living in seclusion for a period of time, at the invitation of the sage of the time, Kong Yuqi, Kong Shangren went out to treat his wife Zhang's funeral, and also repaired "Que Li Zhi". At the same time, he taught the children of ritual music and supervised the production of ritual music sacrificial instruments.
At this time, the opportunity also secretly descended.
One year, Emperor Kangxi went to Qufu to worship Confucius.
Kong Shangren served as a guide for lectures. Because of his well-founded answers, he was highly appreciated by the emperor. He was finally awarded an exception as a doctor of the Imperial College, and his career path was opened.
The birth of a legendary play
In July of the twenty-fifth year of Kangxi, Kong Shangren was ordered to accompany Sun Zaifeng, the minister of the Ministry of Industry, to Zhihe in Huaiyang.
During this period, he visited historical sites, watched the Qinhuai River, made friends with many poets, painters and hermits, collected a lot of information, and laid the foundation for writing "Peach Blossom Fan".
After that, Kong Shangren returned to Beijing and was still a doctor of the Imperial College.
According to statistics, within a few years, he was promoted to the head of the household.
The literary career also declined. After more than ten years of revision and three revisions, "Peach Blossom Fan" finally came out.
Image source: "National Treasure" video screenshot
This legendary work takes the love story of Hou Fangyu and Li Xiangjun as the main line, writing about the rise and fall of the Nanming Hongguang Dynasty, and also shows the social reality of the time.
In the story, the talented man Hou Fangyu came to Nanjing to take the imperial examination, and after he failed, he lived by the Mochou Lake. After Yang Longyou introduced him and met Li Xiangjun, the two fell in love. On the day of their engagement, Hou Fangyu's poem fan was given to Xiangjun as a token.
Later, Hou Fangyu was framed by Ruan Dacheng and fled to Yangzhou alone.
Ruan Dacheng and others forced Li Xiangjun to marry Cao Fu Tianyang, Li Xiangjun fought with death, and the love poem fan was splashed with blood.
Yang Longyou dyes the blood on the fan face into a peach blossom picture, which is the peach blossom fan that runs through the whole play.
After a period of joy and sorrow, Hou Fangyu and Li Xiangjun met again, and when Zhang Daoshi was awakened, both of them became monks.
Once the "Peach Blossom Fan" was written, it quickly became a sensation in the capital and became a "phenomenal" work. "The king recommends the gentry, and he always has the reputation of being expensive."
It is said that its fame has also spread to the court, and the servant "eagerly seeks to advance."
Kong Shangren is also famous, and he is called "South Hong Bei Kong" together with the author of "Eternal Life Palace".
He also co-authored "Legend of Little Hulei" with Gu Cai. The theme structure is similar to "Peach Blossom Fan", but his artistic achievements are far inferior to "Peach Blossom Fan".
Lonely death
I have to say that "Peach Blossom Fan" has almost absorbed the energy of Kong Shangren's life. He once mentioned: "...but I can praise it to a close friend:'I have the legend of "Peach Blossom Fan", in the pillow of Shang Secret.' Mi Chang'an, having a banquet with his colleagues, often happens."
Image source: "National Treasure" video screenshot
It has always been evaluated that "Peach Blossom Fan" is the last masterpiece of Chinese classical drama, which is the last masterpiece of Chinese classical drama, and is called the four famous dramas together with "West Chamber", "Peony Pavilion" and "Eternal Palace".
However, shortly after the "Peach Blossom Fan" was released, Kong Shangren suffered another heavy blow: he was dismissed from office.
After spending some time in the capital, Kong Shangren saw no improvement in the workplace and had to return to his hometown in frustration.
After several ups and downs, Kong Shangren was discouraged at this time, and the situation was quite depressed.
Some people have also verified that afterwards, he went to Pingyang, Shanxi, Wuchang, Hubei and other places for short-term roaming, worked as an assistant, and died lonely when he was about 70 years old.
In a blink of an eye, more than three hundred years passed by.
Kong Shangren's life has been ups and downs, and he has experienced many setbacks. It seems that his life seems unsatisfactory, but fortunately, his works have broken through the shackles of time and have been passed on forever.
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