Physical beauty has become a hard lever
Tend to be equal to the main subject
Basketball, physical training-during this period, every weekend, Beijing citizen Lin Ting takes his son to participate in sports training.
"In the future, the physical education entrance examination may reach 100 points. Although the child has just entered junior high school, he has to make up for his shortcomings from now on." Lin Ting said.
At present, the total score of sports subjects in Beijing High School Entrance Examination is 40 points, including 10 points for process assessment and 30 points for on-site examination.
Affected by the epidemic, this year's Beijing Physical Education High School Entrance Examination cancelled the on-site examination and was instead held in class.
However, Lin Ting's children do not have such "good luck"-as the reform of school physical education and education evaluation accelerates, the proportion of physical education entrance examinations in various places is increasing.
Beijing has previously made it clear that the physical fitness standards will be added to the 2021 high school entrance examination for physical education.
"At present, all parts of the country have achieved full coverage of the sports high school entrance examination, with scores ranging from 30 to 100 points. From 2021, the sports high school entrance examination scores in most provinces will increase." The Ministry of Education press conference held recently , Said Wang Dengfeng, Director of the Department of Sports, Health and Art Education, Ministry of Education.
Sports, which used to be regarded as "subjects" and "marginal subjects", now "salted fish stand up", occupying more weight in the high school entrance examination and even the college entrance examination.
The Ministry of Education previously stated that the future physical education entrance examination should reach a level of the same score as the number of foreign languages.
Not only sports, but in the "five education" of the comprehensive cultivation of education, morality, intelligence, physical education, art, and labor, "sports, aesthetics, and labor" have become more and more important, and the status and value of the "main subject" and the degree of attention have been equal tendency.
According to Wang Dengfeng, 9 provinces in China have started pilot reforms of the Aesthetic Education Entrance Examination, and the score is generally between 10 and 30.
In the compulsory education stage, most provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities can ensure that the total amount of music and fine arts courses is not less than 9% of the total class hours in accordance with the national curriculum plan; nearly 87% of students have received art education in primary and secondary schools.
According to the characteristics of each school period, China sets up labor education compulsory courses in universities, middle schools and primary schools.
Among them, there is no less than 1 class hour per week for labor education in elementary and middle schools, no less than 32 hours per week for undergraduate level in ordinary colleges and universities, and labor weeks are set up in universities, middle schools and primary schools every academic year.
In addition to the compulsory courses of labor education, other courses combine the characteristics of disciplines and professions and organically integrate into the content of labor education.
Say goodbye to the formality and learn to be true
This year, a football team from the mountains touched many people-the fifth complete elementary school football team of Shimen County, Changde, Hunan, located in the contiguous and extremely poor mountainous area of Wuling Mountain, won the "Chinese Football Player" championship challenge in one fell swoop Third place.
Behind the miracle of the captain football is the persistence and training day after day.
The same is true for school sports, and changing the "movement" and learning "true skills" is the key.
Wang Dengfeng said that school physical education should achieve the goal of allowing students to enjoy sports, enhance their physical fitness, improve their personality and temper their will.
At present, the school physical education teaching model consisting of "health knowledge + basic sports skills + special sports skills" is gradually being improved. "Teaching, diligence, and regular competitions" have become "hard targets" that every student needs to achieve.
According to reports, currently 95% of schools in my country can guarantee students one hour of physical exercise a day in school.
At the same time, in order to achieve the educational goal of students mastering special skills, the Ministry of Education has also launched a sports school project. There are currently nearly 30,000 national youth campus football schools, nearly 10,000 national youth campus basketball schools, and national youth ice and snow schools. There are nearly 2,000 sports schools.
Corresponding to physical education, the reform of aesthetic education aims to teach "basic artistic knowledge, basic artistic skills and special artistic expertise" as the goal.
"Music, fine arts or comprehensive art courses in primary and secondary schools should truly enable students to experience, recognize and demonstrate beauty, while at the same time creating beauty in the future." Wang Dengfeng said.
After the high school entrance examination scores, how to test sports and aesthetic education?
This is a topic that many parents care about.
As a pioneer in the reform of sports and aesthetic education, Yunnan Province has previously announced plans for the high school entrance examination for sports, music and art. It is clear that sports, music and fine arts will be increased from 50 points to 100 points, and music and fine arts will be raised from 5 points to 20 points.
Among them, the physical examination is composed of three parts: basic physical fitness test, special skill test, and physical health monitoring; art and music examination involves quality evaluation, unified examination and exhibition activities.
Regarding the reform of labor education, Shen Jiliang, the first-level inspector of the Textbook Bureau of the Ministry of Education, said that cultural lessons should not be used to replace real labor education. Labor education should be "mainly manual labor."
In recent years, various localities have created many conditions for labor education in primary and secondary schools.
Beijing has established 3 agro-agricultural bases and 1 academy-work base. Junior high school students have to work here for a week; in Yi County, Hebei, most schools dormitory management, canteens help kitchens, campus cleaning, and even the maintenance of mountains and woodlands. Students complete it by themselves; Shanghai Caoyang No. 2 Middle School opened the "Model Worker Lecture Hall" compulsory courses, established the "Bicycle Creativity Laboratory" and "Rail Transportation Laboratory" to organize students to carry out labor practice.
Take multiple measures to make up for the shortcomings of teachers
Statistics show that during the "13th Five-Year Plan" period, the number of physical education teachers in China's compulsory education increased from 502,000 to 595,000; the number of aesthetic education teachers increased from 599,000 in 2015 to 748,000 in 2019, an increase of 14.9 in 4 years. Million people.
Although school sports and aesthetic education have made great progress in recent years, there is still a shortage of music, sports and aesthetics teachers in some rural areas.
In this regard, Wang Dengfeng said that it is necessary to increase the training of music, sports and beauty teachers in rural areas from the source and supplement through various channels. At the same time, it is necessary to further strengthen the allocation of music, sports and beauty education and teaching resources in rural and remote areas through information technology. .
Broadening the source of physical education teachers is one of the important measures for the development of school physical education.
Relevant opinions proposed to formulate a system for outstanding retired athletes to enter the campus to serve as physical education teachers and coaches, to formulate a system for teachers and coaches from sports schools and other sports systems to teach in primary and secondary schools, and a system for teachers of cultural classes in primary and secondary schools to teach in sports schools.
Unblock channels for outstanding retired athletes and coaches to enter schools and serve as physical education teachers, and explore the training after entry.
At the same time, the entrance of physical education and aesthetics to the entrance examination for high school and the entrance to the entrance examination for college in the future have also caused some parents' concerns.
Will examinations increase the burden of students' studies and drive more children into off-campus sports training classes?
In response to this, the relevant person in charge of the Yunnan Provincial Department of Education said in response to the relevant measures of the Yunnan Physical Education Entrance Examination, as long as students take good physical education classes, keep exercising, and actively participate in competitions, they can achieve good results.
The increase of 100 points in the PE high school entrance examination is not to distinguish the test, but mainly to urge the students to practice regularly and persist in practice. It is to make the principal pay attention to sports, accelerate the opening of the school, and organize the physical education class.
Children can get 100 points in the test if they take classes seriously, keep exercising, and actively participate in competitions.
Experts pointed out that with the improvement of sports and aesthetic education, the school's faculty, curriculum and venue facilities must keep up.
At the same time, education departments and schools should implement comprehensive policies. While doing a good job in the "addition" of physical education and labor education, they should also increase efforts to promote burden reduction so that students have time, energy, and interest to invest in music, sports, and beauty education. China, truly realize the comprehensive development of morality, intelligence, physical education, art and labor.
(Reporter Liu Yao)
"People's Daily Overseas Edition" (version 09 on December 24, 2020)