24 years without hukou
Huang Ruoyi is not Huang Ruoyi.
In other words, the name did not originally belong to her.
When she was born, her parents gave her the name Huang Yuanyuan.
However, there is no document that can legally prove the existence of this name.
She has no registered permanent residence and no ID card. In the first 24 years of her life, she has been a "black household".
Since her parents did not have a marriage certificate and had a super birth, she did not settle down at birth.
Later, when applying for household registration, she was required to provide a paternity test certificate issued by a qualified appraisal agency as required. However, the mother lost contact and the father did not cooperate in the paternity test. The problem of "black households" has been bothering her.
Even for her close friends, it is difficult to imagine what kind of life it would be like without a permanent residence and without an ID card-she can't get a phone card, take a train, go to a regular hospital, or talk about marriage.
This problem was not resolved until September 22 this year, after she asked the media for help.
On the day that the Shunqing Branch of the Public Security Bureau of Nanchong City, Sichuan Province registered for household registration, she gave herself a new name, "Huang Ruoyi".
After applying for the household registration, she needs to welcome far more than the new name.
On October 30, Huang Ruoyi came to the Nanchong City Education Bureau, wondering if she could receive compulsory education again—in the days without a registered permanent residence, she had hardly received systematic education.
One month after getting his ID card, Huang Ruoyi signed up for the first test of the driver's license and went to the hospital to see the ophthalmology department.
She was fostered at her aunt's house before the age of 7, and she was always beaten and suffered from strabismus. When she was a child, she was always called "cross-eyed".
Although she had forgiven her aunt a long time ago, she was concerned about this shortcoming. For this reason, she never took a full-length photo, and only let others take her back.
When she did not have a registered permanent residence, she could not go to a regular hospital to see a doctor. Now she hopes to get her eyes cured.
She wants to regain control of her life.
1
Before going through the household registration, Huang Ruoyi's name and job were changed, and he had been in love a few times, but ended up without problems.
She has worked in milk tea shops, coffee shops, supermarkets, hairdressers, and set up stalls in night markets. These jobs are not strict on ID checks.
When working in a cafe, she was called "Xiaofeng".
She was always slow to respond because it came from the ID card she borrowed.
Huang Ruoyi’s friend Zhang Xuan said that because she was afraid of being discovered fraudulently using her ID card, she worked at most two months in each job.
This year's epidemic has added another link to the restrictions on her in the city-her WeChat is verified by Zhang Xuan's real name, and his health code is also used.
The ID she borrowed expires in 2019, which means she can't take the train at all this year.
Beginning in 2016, Zhang Xuan accompanied Huang Ruoyi to the police station to inquire about household registration issues twice, but he couldn't avoid "calling your parents".
This became a hurdle that Huang Ruoyi couldn't pass in the process of settling down.
She was unable to provide materials such as "Birth Medical Certificate". According to the "Opinions on Resolving the Issue of Registered Household Registration for People without Household Registration" issued by the General Office of the State Council in 2015, she needs to provide a paternity test certificate issued by a qualified appraisal agency to apply for household registration.
The director of a local police station once told her, “It’s useless to come to me without appraisal, and I don’t have the power to enforce it.”
However, after Huang Ruoyi's father and mother separated, he always regarded her as a child "under the control of the mother", and was unwilling to get into trouble. Huang Ruoyi asked Huang Ruoyi to spend 20,000 yuan before he settled down.
The money later rose to 50,000 yuan and 66,000 yuan.
Huang Ruoyi once brought the paternity tester to his father, who was unwilling to reach out and cooperate with the blood collection.
Huang Ruoyi began to seek legal and media help.
When she came to the Women's Federation, the staff said that she could find legal aid for her, but she had no identity information and could not open a letter of recommendation.
Huang Ruoyi went to a lawyer to ask whether he could sue his father and force him to cooperate.
The lawyer said that because she had no identity information, she could not open the case.
Finally, Huang Ruoyi went to the newsstand and went to the newspaper to find the reporter's contact information.
On September 16, the "Nanchong Evening News" published a report based on her narrative, and then the police called her, saying that they read the newspaper and will handle it for her soon.
On September 22, Huang Ruoyi got a temporary ID card.
After getting his ID card, Huang Ruoyi's first thought was the issue of going to school.
She never went to school.
She can type a large number of text messages on WeChat, but it is difficult for her to pick up a pen and write, "you have to write according to it" and "multiplication formula" is not good at memorizing.
My friend Liu Miao said that Huang Ruoyi had nowhere to go when he went to school before.
"The words she knows are all self-taught, she reads books by herself." Huang Ruoyi's mother taught her pinyin, and TV became her important teacher, "learned a lot from the children's channel."
Now, where Huang Ruo is living, there is a two-story bookshelf with more than a dozen books on it, including "1000 Questions for Logical Thinking Training", "A Little Healthy Everyday", and a set of primary school Chinese textbooks, written on the spine of the book The book, "Compulsory Education Textbook".
She has only understood the concept of "compulsory education" in recent years.
In the past, she always thought that she could not go to school because her family could not afford the tuition, "only children from rich families can go to school." Therefore, she almost never asked her about school in front of her mother.
Huang Ruoyi said that she had many fantasies about her future career in her childhood.
She once thought "it's great to be a policeman" and also thought about becoming a national athlete.
However, without going to school, these are impossible to talk about.
When she was 9 years old, one day she went to a rural elementary school in Nanchong with a book to find her neighbor's sister and stood by the window.
A teacher saw her and thought she was a student in a certain class.
Huang Ruoyi told her that she didn't go to school, and she wasn't in any class.
The teacher said, you call your mother and don't charge tuition, just pay for books.
After some persuasion, her mother agreed to go to the school to audit the third grade course, but she did not have a school status.
Soon they moved again, and their school life lasted only about 3 months.
On October 30, she came to the Nanchong City Education Bureau to find out if she could receive compulsory education again.
Staff of the Education Bureau said that there is no school admission for such an old student.
They suggested that she could try her job, but she was not obligated to accept her.
Huang Ruoyi understood the meaning of the Education Bureau, “It was the guardian at the time that caused me such consequences, that is, the country did not have a certain obligation to make up for it.” But Huang Ruoyi felt, “When I was young, I couldn’t think about these problems, and I Since I was about 12 years old, no one has taken me all the time. I grew up entirely by myself."
Leaving the Bureau of Education, Huang Ruoyi went to the school he had once audited again, to see if he could accept a special student like me.
The vice principal said that he felt sympathetic after hearing her story, but her age was rather embarrassing and it was difficult to plan a teacher alone to teach.
"It would be weird for such a big person to come to school", students and other parents would have opinions.
The elementary school couldn't accept it, so she went to work for consultation.
On November 2, Huang Ruoyi came to Nanchong Secondary Vocational School in Sichuan Province. The enrollment teacher said that she could not accept her without a student status. However, due to her special situation, she can ask the Education Bureau if she can produce a certificate. Close.
Although in the eyes of my friend Wu Qingyun, it is not realistic to return to school, but Huang Ruoyi himself yearns for such a "boring" life.
"People who have it won't cherish it." She wants to live in a closed school. She can only come out on weekends, go to bed and get up on time. "You can't do anything but study in school."
She hopes that her life can be adjusted.
In addition, she feels that with her current education level, she can only choose jobs with a low salary.
2
As a child, Huang Ruoyi didn't feel the impact of "black households".
The black Internet cafes, shopping malls, and bookstores she often go to do not need to show credentials, and her playmates are all minors, and none of them have ID cards.
"I didn't think I was any different from other kids."
In 2013, 17-year-old Huang Ruoyi was asked to submit his ID card while working in Jiangsu.
After finding her father, she discovered that she did not have herself on the household registration.
"Paper packs can't keep the fire out", and after evading the company several times "ID is being processed", Huang Ruoyi left the post and returned to his hometown in Nanchong.
Huang Ruoyi remembered that her parents had separated and she lived with her mother, but her mother lost contact with her when she was 12 years old.
Unable to find his parents, Huang Ruoyi could only borrow a friend’s ID card to rent a house and find a job locally.
Huang Ruoyi said that when she saw other people's family reunions, she felt that "it's only me."
Even when she saw couples in love, she thought "I don't have an ID card and I can't be with the person I like."
In 2019, Huang Ruoyi and her ex-boyfriend went to the node of marriage talks.
The husband’s parents said vaguely, “We must solve the hukou problem first,” but her boyfriend did not stand up to defend her.
They broke up soon.
Because she didn’t have an ID card, she always felt that she was a person of unknown origin. Her childhood playmate Xu Qing told reporters, “She didn’t have an ID card before, and only the black hotels with bad conditions would accept her.” Zhang Xuan also took her home. The room was vacated for her for a while.
She used the borrowed ID. The person in the photo was not like her. She always explained that she would say, "I am thin, so my appearance changes" and "make-up".
But she was still "scared, like a mouse crossing the street."
"If it is discovered, I will tell the truth, this is not what I thought, I can't help it."
In an interview with China Youth Daily and China Youth Daily, Huang Ruoyi's father, Huang Daqian, said that Huang Ruoyi was the third child at home, and that he had to pay a fine when he went to the registered permanent residence. They could not get the money.
Now he is not deliberately obstructing, he just feels that there are some things in the family that have not been clarified. This daughter should be under the control of his mother, and he is worried that her mother will come back in the future and cause disputes.
He also said that the money was alimony for her mother.
Huang Ruoyi's mother's name is unknown, Huang Ruoyi said, it may be called "Wang Qiao" or "Wang Zongqiao."
She is from Ankang, Shaanxi, with a high school education.
According to Huang Ruoyi, when she was 20 years old, she was driven out of the house by her grandfather and came to Guangzhou to work. She met Huang Daqian, who was 30 at the time, and later followed him to Xichong County, Sichuan.
According to Huang Ruoyi and her father, Huang Ruoyi’s mother had some mental problems. She had seen her mother write dense small prints on cigarette cases, old newspapers, and advertisement pages, plastering the walls of the rental house.
Xu Qing still remembers the last time she saw Huang Ruoyi’s mother: In a very dilapidated room in the "Black Hotel", Huang Ruoyi’s mother asked 12-year-old Huang Ruoyi if she had any money, and Huang Ruoyi gave it to her 100 yuan.
Her mother seemed to be checking out.
The 100 yuan was exchanged by Huang Ruoyi with game coins in the video game city.
Huang Ruoyi recalled that her mother often disappeared for one or two, three or four days, and finally lost contact.
Internet cafes and video game cities became her childhood haven.
"She is equivalent to supporting herself." Xu Qing, who was in third grade at the time, lived near the Internet cafe, where she met Huang Ruoyi.
Huang Ruoyi is as old as her, but different from them, "thin and small, and not in a good state of mind".
She recalled that the adults in the community would say in front of Huang Ruoyi that she was like a "drug addict".
Huang Ruoyi always listened silently without refuting.
Xu Qing said that Huang Ruoyi almost made a living by winning money in the video game city: exchange game currency for money, earn a few yuan a day, or more than ten yuan a day, "If you have money, you can eat, if you don't have money, you won't eat."
Later, the aunt of the Internet cafe thought she was very pitiful and asked her to become a small network manager there and gave her a few hundred yuan a month.
Liu Miao also heard that Huang Ruoyi sometimes went to the department store when he was hungry or thirsty, asking for free water or eating something for free.
Huang Ruoyi said that during the five years of living with his mother in Shunqing, Nantong, they would move almost two months later.
She has never been to school, but her mother will dress her like an ordinary child, and ask her to carry a schoolbag out from Monday to Friday, with a book and pen in it, so that others can go home only after school.
This life lasted for at least two years.
She wandered around the city with her schoolbag on her back. She went to shopping malls, KFC and Dicos near the Five-Star Garden most often, where she participated in children's activities, won gifts, and watched TV there.
Zhang Xuan said that she knows the city well, "She has been to all the places we haven't been to."
Huang Ruoyi recalled that sometimes she would find an underground passage with few people and sit on the steps with a book.
Passersby asked her "Why don't you go to school?", she often did not answer.
Wu Qingyun is a friend Huang Ruoyi met at an animation exhibition at about 18 years old. When she first met her, Wu Qingyun felt, "I have never seen such a thin girl."
She will save money to buy an anime costume and wear it to an anime exhibition.
Role-playing became Huang Ruoyi's greatest interest afterwards.
"You are playing a role you like, and someone else will also like this role. You may get a kind of attention in this way, and it feels like you will have friends."
3
Liu Miao was Huang Ruoyi’s playmate when she was a teenager. When she first heard about the ID card, she felt that “isn’t it easy to apply for an ID card?” “For people like us who have an ID card, how can Do you think there is anyone in this world who has an ID card?".
According to data from the sixth national census in 2010, there are about 13 million "black households" in my country, accounting for 1% of the total population.
In 2015, the General Office of the State Council issued the "Opinions on Resolving the Issue of Household Registration for People without Household Registration," which mentioned that “it is prohibited to establish any pre-conditions that do not meet household registration requirements”.
Many "black households" successfully settled under the guidance of this opinion.
But Huang Ruoyi did not get out of the endless loop because of this.
On both sides of the family and relevant departments, Huang Ruoyi wandered and waited for 7 years, until the matter was "made a big deal" and it appeared in the newspapers.
On September 22, 2020, 5 days after seeing the newspaper, Ruoyi got his temporary ID card.
The father never cooperated.
Xu Qing said that regardless of the family environment, Huang Ruoyi would have at least a stable job and a stable love in recent years if he could have a hukou.
Although Huang Ruoyi is younger than Zhang Xuan, in Zhang Xuan's memory, Huang Ruoyi has always been a strong big sister, who will take him to play and teach him the truth.
Wu Qingyun also said that she is very loyal and decisive. Sometimes she is very stubborn. She admits to death, and must execute what she knows.
In Xu Qing's eyes, this is a kind of "disguise."
She rarely tells her friends the sad things.
"Obviously, I feel that she is very sad, but she must tell me it's okay." Xu Qing said.
Zhang Xuan also recalled her soft and fragile side. It was 2009 when she saw Huang Ruoyi in an Internet cafe, always holding a dog in her arms.
Huang Ruoyi said that when she was 12 years old, she played QQ Hyun Dance in an Internet cafe, added a friend to the game, and recognized that friend as her brother.
One day, she found out that he had stolen items from her game, and felt that this person didn't really consider herself a younger sister.
She suddenly thought of her situation, "No one cares about you that much. My mother doesn't care about me. My father and sister didn't know where they were at that time."
When she went to the hukou, she was determined to use a brand new name.
"Others say that the name should be chosen by the parents. Parents love their children and will carefully choose the name for their children, but I don't think they love me so much, so I want to give myself a nice name." Said the girl from Huang Ruoyi.
Huang Ruoyi feels that it is not too late to get a hukou at the age of 24.
"Just like when many college students graduate, it's when their lives really just started. Now it's not too late for me to do anything, to study, to take a driver's license."
Intern Guo Yujie Source: China Youth Daily