How did Socrates' execution affect the building of Plato's Republic?

In his comments to the program "Beyond the Text" (10/25/2020), Professor of Medieval Philosophy, Yorgos Stairs, explained that the book was called "system of government" because Plato did not discuss a specific system of government, but rather systems of government in general.

And it is considered one of the most famous works because it is an integrated work, so the reader not only obtains from it information about politics, but also about morals, knowledge, the universe and metaphysics.

The second reason for his popularity is that a person is often not satisfied with the way of life he lives, and then he reads this book in order to gain some ideas to improve the countries and societies in which he lives.

Stairs added that Plato's writing style depends on dialogue, inspired by his teacher, Socrates, because what he was mainly interested in was posing an issue, and making people rethink what they had opinions about their daily problems.

Authoritarian and idealistic

Regarding the critics' readings of Plato's book, Stairs explained that there were those who read the work as authoritarian, and others who classified it as exemplary, and both groups had their own notions of the era in which they lived.

Arif Al-Ubaid, a professor of political science, indicated that what influenced Plato was his vision of the execution of his teacher, Socrates, so he decided to write the book "Plato's Republic", which expresses his experience in life in order to build a healthy political system based on the principle of the application of justice.

Plato discussed many ideas in his book The Republic on the forms of possible systems of government for the state, which some saw as an ideal model that could not be applied in reality.

In this regard, Professor of Philosophy Manuel Knoll said that Plato in the Republic is talking about a state that does not exist in the real world, but rather a political system that exists only in the world of ideas, so Plato says it is a "divine model."

In his book, Plato divided society into 3 classes according to their role: the class of producers, the class of protectors, and the class of rulers, inventing the theory of the myth founding the system of government in which many countries operate to this day.